• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.152-163
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the effects of musculoskeletal symptoms and burden on presenteeism among nurses in a gastrointestinal endoscopy unit. Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires administered to 140 nurses working in the gastrointestinal endoscopy unit of a hospital located in Busan metropolitan city. Results: The body part with the most musculoskeletal symptoms was the back (73.2%), and the most common musculoskeletal burden work was "when you have to stand or maintain the same posture for a long time in a lead apron protection clothes." The factors most related to work impairment were working hours, musculoskeletal symptoms, and musculoskeletal burden, with an explanatory power of 63.3%. Factors affecting perceived productivity were working hours and musculoskeletal symptoms, with an explanatory power of 29.2 %. Conclusion: To reduce work impairment and increase the perceived productivity of nurses in gastrointestinal endoscopy units, various programs and improved working environments are needed that can improve musculoskeletal symptoms and reduce musculoskeletal burden.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.61-75
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• 2007

This paper examines the intergenerational time transfers between married women and their co-residing elderly parents, and how they affect married women's labor force participation and work hour. The sample was drawn from the "2004 Time Use Survey" conducted by Korea National Statistical Office and the Heckman's 2-step model was estimated to examine these relationships. We find that women's caregiving time for their elderly parents reduces their likelihood of participating in the labor force. On the contrary, parental time transfers for married women increases the probability of their labor force participation. We find no evidence that the actual hours of paid work is related to the time transfers between married women and their elderly parents. In other words, after married women decide to participate in the labor force, their work hours are not affected by the time spent for parents and time gained from parents to them. Parental income is positively associated with the married women's labor force participation whereas husband's income is negatively related. The married women working in service occupation and earn salaries work longer hours than those employed as laborer and wage workers. Having older parents and owning the second home reduce working hours of married women.

• 농촌계획
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2024

The Facility Modernization Policy for Improvement of Fruits Quality was implemented to improve the competitiveness of the domestic fruit tree sector, and as a result of analyzing samples of participating and non-participating farmers, it is judged to have contributed to the improvement of high-quality fruit production. As a result of analysis using the propensity score matching method, it was found that the Facility Modernization Policy for apple farms contributed to the improvement of fruit quality such as sweetness and high-quality product ratio. In addition, the fruit tree high-quality facility modernization project was found to reduce working hours by about 30 hours per 10a. In the case of grapes, it contributed to quality improvement, including increased sugar content, and reduced working hours by about 15.5 hours per 10a. This study has a limitation in that the number of samples subject to the survey is not large enough, and because of this, it appears that no statistically significant differences in performance variables such as production per unit area and management costs per unit area were found between participating and non-participating farms.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.3956-3961
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• 1975

In order primarily to establish the working stages in the reclamation works and to- analyze the working characteristics of man-power, the investigations for construction_ works were conducted on Echeon Largescale Reclamation Project Area. The results are summarized as follows; 1. The working chart on reclamation by man-power is Fig.IV-1. 2. The. ratio of actual working time to total varied with the total times, being 1.0 for less than 4 hours but about 0.9-0.83 for more than 5 hours. 3. Felling operations can be classified into three stages as truck-cutting, branch- cutting, and binding-up, of which results are in Table IV-2. The larger the diameter of stands, the more times for both the cutting operations are, but the moving time is constant to be about 15 sec. 4. Stumping and clearing works have the results prepared in Table IV-3. Between the stumping time and the diameter of stands d, there show highly significant positive correlations, expressed as t=2.212d -4.792. The more the ratio of small diameters to total, the more hastily the total hourly working results of each person are increased. 5. Working results for constructing drainage facilities and ridges are in Table IV-5. The labours for placing patches of grass are required more than twice or three times as much as those are showed in the established standards, and such the different results imply more investigation to be necessary. 6. Table IV-6 sholvs the results for plowing andh arrowing, that are less amount thant the standards. Therefore, more inverestigation should be prepared.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between job stress and work-related musculo-skeletal symptoms among nurses working in general hospitals. Method: A descriptive correlational research design was utilized. The participants were 438 nurses currently working in 4 general hospitals. Data were collected from Jan 2007 to Feb 2007, with Korean Occupational Stress Scale(KOSS)-basic form, KOSHA code H-30 and a questionnaire for general characteristics. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, multiple logistic regression analyses were utilized. Result: Most participants(90.4%) complained of work-related musculo-skeletal symptoms. However, symptomatic nurses satisfying NIOSH screening criteria(symptomatic nurses) were 66.9%(293 persons). The most complained body part was back(39.5%). shoulder(37.7%), leg and foot(36.5%), wrist and hand(21.7%), neck(18.7%), and arm(9.8%). The mean of total score of occupational stress was 51.11. In multiple logistic regression analyses, age, working posture and total score of occupational stress showed significant associations with back symptoms. Exercise and total score of occupational stress were significantly related with shoulder symptoms. Hours of daily house keeping and working posture were related with leg and foot symptoms. Marital status and working posture were related with wrist and hand symptoms. Working posture only showed significant relations with neck symptom. Marital status, hours of daily house keeping, shift work, working posture, and total score of occupational stress were related with the symptoms in the arm. In conclusion, job stress of nurses might be related with work-related musculo-skeletal symptoms.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.19-31
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to examine the respiratory system health condition of dental technicians and to be of use for more successful health management and health promotion for them. The subjects in this study were 155 dental technicians who were working in North Jeolla province. Out of them, 70 dental mechanics were investigated in 1993, and 85 were surveyed in 2001. And the reports of the two groups on respiratory distress, including cough, sputum, phlegm, the notable sound of breathing, nasal discharge, coryza, shortness of breath and gasping, were compared. The findings of this study were as below: 1. The cough report rate was 24.3% in 1993 and 16.5% in 2001. There appeared approximately 7.8% decrease between the two years. The most powerful variables included working hours and age. 2. The complaint rate of sputum and phlegm was 47.1% in 1993 and 43.5% in 2001. The rate of 2001 reduced by 3.6%. Whether or not they smoked was identified as the most influential variable. 3. The report rate of shortness of breath and gasping was 7.4% in 1993 and 12.9% in 2001, and this rate showed about 1.5% increase in the latter year. The biggest variables were working hours and career. 4. The complaint rate of nasal discharge and coryza was 41.4% in 1993 and 44.7% in 2001, which showed about 3.3% increase. The largest variables were smoking and career. 5. The report rate of the notable sound of breathing and breathing in light little gasps was 12.0% in 1993 and 17.6% in 2001. There was approximately 5.6% increase, and the most powerful variables were working hours and career.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.131-151
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• 2011

This study attempted to estimate the level of perceived lack of time in Korean society, to link it to time management and to identify the possible association that accounts for time shortage. I employed the gender perspective in order to reveal the dynamics and complexity of the perception of a lack of time in the population. The sample for the study was drawn from the 1999 and 2009 Korean time diary data collected by the Korean National Statistical Office. From the original data, I selected a sample of second shift families(men and women who are presently working and raising children) living in metropolitan areas(including Seoul and six major urban areas in Korea). The dependent variable was time pressure measured by a single-item question on a four-point likert scale. The results of the study showed that working mothers perceived a greater time shortage as compared to working fathers. The time use pattern showed change during the periods, indicating that people worked fewer hours in paid labor and enjoyed more leisure hours and personal care hours. However, on average, people seemed to have experienced a greater time lack in 2009 as compared to 1999. The results from the ordered logistic regression model revealed that even though there were similarities in the impact of relevant factors, men's perception of a lack of time was more closely linked with their work role and social status, while for women, this perception was influenced by work and family duties. This indicates that Korean working mothers and fathers are facing a double jeopardy of time shortage in terms of combining their work and family roles. As a result, the level of time pressure by gender is converging toward a "never enough" phase. These findings generated policy implications and detailed suggestions.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2021

Background: Neck pain is a major public health problem among sewing machine operators working in textile factories. Even though the textile industries are growing in number in Ethiopia, but there is a dearth of published studies on the prevalence of neck pain. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of neck pain among sewing machine operators of garment factories in Mekelle city. Method: An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was implemented among 297 sewing machine operators' working in garment factories in Mekelle city. A systematic random sampling technique was used. Data were collected through interviews and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 23. Finally, variables with 95% confidence interval (CI): p < 0.05 in the multivariate analysis were significantly declared. Results: Two hundred ninety-seven sewing machine operators were enrolled, with 98.7% response rates. In this study, the 12-month prevalence rate of neck pain was found to be 42.3% (95% CI: 36.6%-47.9%), and variables like such as break time [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 5.888, 95% CI: (2.775-12.493)], working hours per day [AOR: 6.495, 95% CI: (2.216-19.038)], static posture [AOR: 4.487, 95% CI (1.640-12.275)], and repetitive activity [AOR: 4.519, 95% CI:(2.057-9.924)] were associated with neck pain. Conclusion: In this study, neck pain is a major public health problem. Continuous work without break time, working greater than 8 hours per day, sitting in the same position for greater than 2 hours, and high repetitive activities were found significantly associated with neck pain. Owners and governmental bodies need to focus on developing preventive strategies and safety guidelines.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.19-37
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• 2013

From the perspective of labor welfare, forty-hour-a-week working system:(FWS) has been an important goal throughout world, and in fact, advanced countries implemented this a long time ago. However, there are differences in opinions concerning FWS; some people emphasizes the improvement in life quality, while others point out that this measure increases the cost of wages and has limited effectiveness. Thus, discussions about the success of FWS have emerged from diverse perspectives; One thing that should be made clear before debating FWS is that reducing laborers' working hours is already a global trend, and Korea, also intends to extend it. Therefore, in order to maximize the benefits resulting from the execution of the system and to identify measures that can be used to solve the problems related to FWS, it is necessary to consider actual laborers' use of leisure resources and whether they have increased or decreased as a result of FWS. It is also necessary to look at the differences in workers' leisure activity with and without the system. To evaluate and diagnose FWS's political effect from the perspective of laborers' leisure satisfaction and improvements in life quality, this study examines differences in leisure expenses, leisure hours, use of and demand for leisure resources such as leisure space, and types of leisure activity, according to the execution of FWS, This research is based on the "2012 Survey on National Leisure Activity" conducted by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism. In addition, through analysis of the differences in leisure satisfaction and happiness levels, the study intends to confirm the necessity of executing FWS and ensuring that the system is in use. The study results can be briefly summed up as followa:: First, regarding the general findings of the study, a significant result was shown in terms of the execution of FWS according to income level. The finding that the execution of FWS works differently according to the working environment or life quality reassures us of the common notion in society that working environment or life quality may differ in relation to social characteristics. The utility of weekday leisure hours did not indicate a statistically significant difference, but in terms of weekend leisure hours, laborers practicing FWS had an additional 30 minutes of leisure time than those who did not. Furthermore, regarding leisure expenses, laborers practicing FWS indicated more monthly average leisure expenses or expected leisure expenses. In relation to leisure activity, those working at a company executing FWS engaged in culture and art activities more frequently than those working at the companies that did not. On the other hand, those working at companies without FWS indicated more hobbies, amusement activities, rest, and other activities than those working at the companies with FWS. In terms of vacation experience, those working at companies with FWS had more vacation time than those working at companies without it; on average, they had longer vacations by 1.64 days. Regarding their leisure life satisfaction and happiness level, those working at companies with FWS indicated higher satisfaction and greater happiness than those working at companies without it. The findings mentioned above represent the preliminary results of this paper, and the remainder of the research will provide more detailed analysis results and suggestions corresponding to them.

• 월간산업보건
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• 통권368호
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• pp.14-15
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• 2018