• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.33
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• pp.143-169
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• 2013

Recently, because of the danger and damages that following the steady development of scientific technologies, natural science is faced with many humane and ethical problems. So it is asserted the interdisciplinary with social and human science. However, it comes commonly that the ethical issues such as world view and one's view of life caused the development of sociology, especially development of the market economy. But in many cases, the interdisciplinary can be useful for widen the view of scholars. The interdisciplinary is actually connected with the problems of philosophy, and located in that domain. In this case, this is noticed as a model to the philosophers in 18th century, especially Denis Diderot. Diderot published De $l^{\prime}interpr{\acute{e}}tation$ de la nature during editing the Encyclopedia, from there he picked out the contents from piles of documents of Encyclopedia. Even though the contents or opinions of De $l^{\prime}interpr{\acute{e}}tation$ de la nature are inaccuracy or erroneous, it shows that how human-social science and natural science encountered. Diderot studied mathematics and then Diderot accepted to the natural science proposal, he approaches philosophy with translate English books to the French. Next he understood natural science by reading Buffon and Maupertuis, and during working for Encyclopedia, he possessed his knowledge that he can claim his opinion to other scholars. However in this De $l^{\prime}interpr{\acute{e}}tation$ de la nature, Diderot who sometimes rebutted other scholars' theory and demonstration, tried to build a philosophy on metaphysics in order to it was important for himself that he imposed the methods of science and importance of experience. Anyhow, this De $l^{\prime}interpr{\acute{e}}tation$ de la nature cause consider the recognition of Diderot in the field of natural science, and is suggested as a model about his Nature. This mean that it is an expression of his philosophy, and the content is found from natural philosophy and empirical philosophy. Like giving these attache the importance of method study for science and technique, these are targeted the promotion of popularization of natural-science and scientific-technology. Also it advocates fulfilling from reasonable philosophy to empirical philosophy. Therefore, the philosophy which was speculative and abstracted became his philosophy which was writing the meaning, as waiting the discovery of science. And at that time, the humanities made interdisciplinary with natural science.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.38
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• pp.191-214
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• 2015

Chinese American Writer, Ha Jin has been writing exclusively about the life in his native Communist China. His stories and poems are almost all about the Chinese people so far. In addition, the distinctive Chinese flavour and the inexorably repressive image of China in his works present an 'Other' to the American culture. Such kind of Chineseness can also be found in Ha Jin's works and his career as a writer. The continued demand for knowledge of China, which is created by China's increasingly important role in the globalized economy, sustains the country's position as an Other for America. In his early four novels, Ha Jin portrays a totally repressive image of Communist China, an image of which functions perfectly as a form of otherness for his American readers. In Ha Jin's portrayal, the Chinese masses are subjected to the Communist authority through its bureaucracy and state-economy mechanism, as well as through the godlike image of Mao Zedong. They are to follow the Communist conscience and subscribe to unity-in-difference. Deviation from the one-party rule is intolerable. In each of the novels, Ha Jin presents a specific system of repression. In In the Pond, confrontation against Party authority is contained by a process of complicity. In Waiting, the Party's power is upheld through a system of surveillance in which people act as agents, resulting in a web of power which paralyses love. The Crazed illustrates a play of power by Party officials which, against the backdrop of the Tiananmen Square Massacre, is full of craze itself, driving people either out of sanity or out of the country. War Trash exposes the Communist power's repression to the extreme by presenting a case of dishonour in those whose life is debased as trash by the Party. The repressive image of China produced in these stories, which span over half a century, makes Ha Jin's China a perfect Other for the West. To sum up, Ha Jin's novels construct a repressive image of China. In his novels, Ha Jin exposes the working of repression in particular systems. Through these systems, he problematizes the notion of personal autonomy for Chinese people and proposes for his western/American readers a solution which eventually turns into a re-presentation of American hegemony.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.126
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• pp.133-158
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• 2013

The main aim of this paper is to show that Gadamer's notion of historical constraint of interpretation is an unsuccessful theoretical postulation. Gadamer tries to present the limits of knowledge and interpretation in terms of his notion of understanding as an event. According to Gadamer, interpretation is bound to be incomplete by nature, and this leads to the thesis of "the uncertainty of interpretation". Although Gadamer seems to make his case successfully against the objective and ahistorical frame of interpretation, his thesis of the uncertainty of interpretation inevitably brings up the fear of nihilistic relativism. To meet this problem, Gadamer offers a constraint of hermeneutic situation, which is derived from the historicity underlying all forms of our existence. Nevertheless, the notion of historicity as the essence of human life does not seem to explain successfully how the actual content of an interpretation is constrained. Drawing on the experientialist notion of 'the embodied understanding", I suggest that the working constraint of interpretations can be appropriately found in the commonality of human experience which is conspicuous at the bodily and physical level of experience. In sum, interpretations, as part of mental and abstract level of experience, arise out of the bodily and physical level of experience, and at the same time strongly constrained by it.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.83-93
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• 2006

This study was done for finding out if eating habits, eating behaviors were different between non-obese and obese elementary school students in Jeonju Area. Total 2568 students of 1364 male and 1204 female of the 4th, 5th, and 6th year in 5 elementary schools were surveyed and the statistics of the result was analyzed by SPSS program. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Obesity was defined as Body Mass Index(BMI) that exceeded 85th and Obesity Index(OI) that exceeded 110. First, subjects were divided into 4 groups : lean, normal, overweight and obese. Second subjects were reclassified into non-obese(lean and normal) and obese(overweight and obese) groups. Average height of male and female students were 142.5cm, 143.1cm and weight of those were 36.4kg and 37.9kg respectively. 2. As results of obesity computation, obese male students were 19.6%(overweight 11.3%, obese 8.3%) in BMI and obese male students were 25.0%(overweight 12.5.%, obese 12.5%) in OI. Especially Obesity percent rate of male student were significantly higher on that of female student in OI method. 3. Examining obesity between male and female, there were statistically different between male students and female students in OI, but there were not statistically different in BMI. With regard to grade level(4th, 5th, 6th), there were statistically different among grade levels. 4. Examining correlation between eating habits(eating behaviors) and obesity, there were statistically significant in some cases. For example, there were statistically significant correlation between fast eating habit and obesity. And the relation analysis of general environments and obesity showed that there were statistically significant in some cases. These results suggest that the number of overweight students can be increased due to the amount and kinds of food children have as well as the general causes of overweight such as genetic, environmental and psychological reason. Surveying about children's eating habits, eating behaviors this study methodically. Working with parents is necessary and comparison of eating habits, eating behaviors and nutrition knowledge between the past and their presents are also needed in a future.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.125-133
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between end of life care competencies and terminal care stress of nurses in long term care hospitals. Methods: For this study, 140 nurses were sampled among those that have over 6-month end of life care experience and were working at long term care hospitals located in A city and C city of Chungcheongnam-do. Using a questionnaire, data were collected from January 2018 through March 2018. Data were analyzed using the SPSS, Windows version 21.0, according to the purpose of the study and analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one way ANOVA, $Sch\acute{e}ffe^{\prime}s$ test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: The mean score on terminal care stress of nurses was above the normal level. The scores on end of life care competencies significantly varied by age, total career at hospitals, death/hospice and palliative care education, and bereavement experience. The mean score of end of life care competencies was negatively correlated with the mean score of lack of knowledge and skills among the subitems of the terminal care stress category (r=-0.260, P=0.002). Conclusion: To decrease the terminal care stress of long term care hospital nurses, it is suggested to carry out end of life care education tailored to nurses characteristics.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.248-258
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between self-leadership of teachers who conduct free-selection activities in kindergartens. In addition, we analyze the mediating effect of teacher self-efficacy. This study was conducted using data gathered through a survey conducted on 325 kindergarten teachers in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do areas from September 17 to 28, 2018. To analyze the data, the author used SPSS Statistics 22.0 and AMOS 20.0 programs to conduct reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling. The result of the verification of the hypothesis showed that self-leadership of kindergarten teachers who engaged in free-selection activities positively influenced self-efficacy. Self-leadership of teachers who employed free-selection activities had a positive effect on the expertise of teachers as well. Also, self-efficacy of kindergarten teachers positively affected expertise of these teachers. In addition, the self-leadership of kindergarten teachers mediated self-efficacy, so that the indirect effect on teacher expertise was statistically significant. Also, the direct effect of self-leadership on expertise of teachers was significant, which showed that the self-efficacy of the kindergarten teachers indirectly mediated the relationship between self-leadership and expertise of the teachers. This study showed that to enhance expertise of kindergarten teachers, this requires enhancing self-leadership of teachers. Also, in order to enhance the level of self-efficacy of teachers, necessary knowledge and skills that can enhance self-efficacy of these teachers in their working environment should be provided. In addition, someone who can play the role of active facilitator or helper is needed in order to enhance expertise of these teachers.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.275-285
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• 2019

The purpose of the present study was to investigate perceptions of mental health literacy and mental health services of local public officials in Korea. The participants were 273 civil servants working in three Gangwondo provinces. Data were collected from July 1, 2018 to August 15, 2018 using structured questionnaires, and SPSS Ver. 22.0 was used for data analysis. Results showed mental health literacy of public officials was 101.45 points (range 35-160). Mental health literacy level was found to be significantly dependent on occupation and levels of mental health education, mental health treatment experience, and family mental health treatment experience. Only 39.9% of respondents stated they were aware of mental health welfare centers. The most common condition that caused respondents to seek mental health services was depression (35.9%). In addition, 44.7% of the respondents opined that mental health care was improving due to community changes. An analysis of the relationship between perceptions of mental health welfare centers and mental health literacy scores showed a positive relationship between participant prior knowledge about mental health welfare centers and investment in mental health management (p=.012), suggesting a need for further development of educational programs using mental health nurses to improve mental health literacy among community officials.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.433-438
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• 2019

The medical institutions use radiation generating devices and radioactive isotopes to diagnose and treat patients. The patient transporter performs work in an environment that is more likely to be exposed to radiation when compared with the general public, such as inevitably entering the radiation management area for patient transfer, or transferring the isotope-administered patient at a short distance. For this reason, we conducted a study to determine the degree of exposure of the patient transporter. The 12 patient transporters working at Incheon A General Hospital are eligible. From April 1, 2019 to April 30, 2019, the dosimeter was used in the chest for one month and the accumulated dose was measured. The dosimeter used was a Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimetry (OSLD) and the dose reading was OSLD Microstar Reading System. As a result of cumulative dose measurement for one month, the average of the deep dose was 0.13 mSv and the surface dose was 0.13 mSv, and the cumulative dose for one month was multiplied by 12 to estimate the cumulative dose expectation As a result, the average of the deep dose and the surface dose were 1.52 mSv and 1.51 mSv, respectively. It is necessary to classify the patient transporter as a frequent visitor in order to measure and manage the exposure dose, increase the knowledge of protection against radiation through education and training, and prevent radiation trouble through medical examination.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.125-134
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• 2022

The Korea Maritime Safety Tribunal is an institution that investigates marine accidents in accordance with the maritime safety adjudication procedure when marine accidents occur. It requires its investigators to be capable in specializing in marine accidents, including possessing the following: a level 2 or higher maritime license, experience on boarding, and specialized knowledge on ships. It also requires separate training for technical competency related to maritime accident investigations. However, the current education for marine accident investigators mainly consists of administrative tasks, which is not suitable to improving the investigator's technological competency, making its development urgent. This study aims to design training contents for marine accident investigators to strengthen their technical competence. To this end, we analyzed the contents of current investigator training, and reviewed the relevant laws and regulations, and training contents of investigators in advanced maritime countries and similar transportation institutions in Korea. According to the results, the training contents were designed to focus on strengthening technical competency, and proposed as a five-day course for basic and professional training. Based on the designed training contents, if in-depth research is conducted by sufficiently reflecting the working conditions of marine accident investigators in Korea, it will greatly help in improving the investigators' skills.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.255-266
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• 2020

This study conducted a systematic literature review on nursing students to find out the types and composition of patient safety-related education programs. The research was conducted systematically using PRISMA. The patient was a nursing college student, and the intervention was patient safety education. The outcome was either numerical or descriptive reports of the results measured using the tool. The types of research were carried out including randomized design, quasi-experimental design, one-group design, survey and qualitative research. The paper was searched through Medline, Embases, CINAHL, DBpia, Riss and KISS. A total of 2,468 papers were searched in the search results, and nine papers were used for analysis as a result of extracting data according to PICO. The characteristics of patient safety education of nursing college students were classified according to the teaching method, period, result variables and measurement tools. As a result, patient safety education consisted of a variety of subjects, and was being taught through lectures, clinical practice, laboratories, and simulations. The period of education also varied. The resulting variables were mainly checked for knowledge, attitude, and skill, and the tools used to measure them varied. Patient safety education for nursing college students was conducted through various topics, methods and periods at home and abroad. Therefore, continuous research is needed to establish consistent and integrated patient safety education in educational institutions and working institutions to produce nursing personnel with patient safety capabilities.