• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.125-132
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• 2015

The primary purpose of present study, to take appropriate measures to prevent occupational accidents in the food service industry, was to evaluate characteristics of working condition and occupational safety and health. In order to fulfill our objective, profession and working environment, safety recognition and education, safety activities, physical conditions and accident experience were surveyed. To collect information and opinion in the field, face-to-face interviews were, using a structured questionnaire, carried out. Also, food service industry's accidents reported by Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency at 2014 were statistically analyzed. In the resulting of analyzing data from a questionnaire survey of food service industry employees, safety/health train and management were increased.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.287-301
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• 2022

Objectives: This study compared the characteristics of the work environment between agricultural and general workers and analyzed the effects of agricultural working characteristics on work-related health problems. Methods: The participants of this study were 2,347 agricultural workers and 48,042 general workers who were selected by applying standardized weights to the raw data of 50,538 respondents from the 6th Korean Working Condition Survey (KWCS). Variables applicable to both worker groups and related to exposure to hazardous risk factors in the working environment, working hours and intensity of work, health problems and work-related status, and satisfaction with the work environment were selected. Chi-square tests and independent sample t-tests were performed to evaluate the differences in the variables between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the effects of work environment characteristics on work-related health problems. Results: Compared to general workers, agricultural workers were more exposed to hazardous environments, irregular work patterns such as working on Saturday/Sunday, and short repetitive tasks. They reported more work-related and general health problems, including back pain, upper extremity muscle pain, lower extremity muscle pain, and general fatigue. Agricultural workers showed lower satisfaction with their work environment than general workers. Factors affecting one or more work-related health problems included gender, working years, hazardous factors, irregular work pattern, working hours, and labor intensity. Conclusions: Our findings showed that agricultural workers were relatively more vulnerable to safety issues compared to other occupational groups. Therefore, it is necessary to establish standardized safety and health standards and strengthen systematic safety and health management policies and services for agriculture.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.174-179
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to research the actual condition of working environment, working clothes and personal protective equipments on workers at a construction site in winter. The one to one interview by questionnaire was performed with 33 males and 2 females workers of a construction site in Daegu at $1.3^{\circ}C$ air temperature, 28% R.H., 4.7m/sec air velocity. The questionnaire consisted of 21 questions including 4 personal characteristics questions, 12 working environment/performance questions and 5 working clothes/personal protective equipments questions. It was modified from the original questionnaire developed by Finnish Institute Occupational Health. We found that physical stress of workers increased and the ability of performance decreased. The workers felt the coldest at hands/fingers, feet/toes and the face part of cheek, nose and ears. They rarely wore thermal clothing for winter and answered that the thermal gloves for winter did not provided enough warmth. Even if the workers recognized the necessity of personal protective equipments for their safety, they did not wear them for efficiency of working performance. These results will be useful elementary materials for development of working clothes and personal protective equipments from the viewpoint of improving both working performance and comfort.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.58-61
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• 2010

This paper describes the fabrication and characteristics of NO sensor using ZnO thin film by RF magnetron sputter system. The sensitivity, working temperature, and response time of sputtered pure ZnO thin film and added catalysts such as Pt, Pd, Al, Ti on those films were measured and analyzed. The sensitivity of pure ZnO thin film at working temperature of $300^{\circ}C$ is 0.875 in NO gas concentration of 0.046 ppm. At same volume of the gas in chamber, measuring sensitivity of 1.87 at $250^{\circ}C$ was the case of Pt/ZnO thin film. The ZnO thin films added with catalyst materials were showed higher sensitivity, lower working temperature and faster adsorption characteristics to NO gas than pure ZnO thin film.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

While the operator's working environment employs the digital devices and technology which are not be fully digitalized due to its technical constraints, it has been changed to the hybrid environment in which digital and analog elements are combined. The hybrid environments need to study its characteristics and the guidelines for the proper design and evaluation purpose. This paper describes the characteristics and evaluation guidelines for hybrid environment through studying the characteristics of digital and analog environment based on the related human factor guidelines and literatures. The result of this paper would be applied for the human machine system such as main control room in nuclear power plant working under hybrid environment. And also, it may be applied for the evaluation of the generic human working environment which digital and analog elements are jointly used.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.1-21
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• 2009

Using samples of working mothers with 0-to-47 month old children extracted from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), this study investigated effects of mothers' job characteristics on parenting behaviors and young children's motor, social, and cognitive development. Date were analyzed by descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. Results indicated that (1) job dissatisfaction was negatively related to children's development. (2) Working fewer hours was positively associated with mothers' cognitively stimulating parenting behaviors. (3) Total earnings were a positive predictor of mothers' emotional support. (4) The availability of a flexible hour benefit was positively related to mothers' cognitive stimulation level but the availability of a paid sick and vacation days combined benefit was negatively related to mothers' cognitively stimulating parenting behavior.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.360-367
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• 2009

This study has aimed at establishing of the new administration scheme related to the goal of police like the investigation division through analyses of differences on the role perception of female police officers. In a related matter, work characteristics include ranks, working areas, working priods and the dependent variables of the role perception of female police officers are composed of 3 items like task role, group maintenance role and individual role. As a result, the differences by ranks, working areas, working priods that were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA showed significant differences in the each dependent variables. The results showed that the female police officers whose ranks were higher, who had been employed longer, and whose working areas were places where the cases occurred a lot more showed great point in mean value not only on task role but also on group maintenance role. The result of the study suggests a direction to achieve the best efficacy of police duties such as a criminal investigation, the prevention of crime and presents an useful indication to redefine the role.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.418-427
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• 2015

Objectives: This study evaluated the association between work related characteristics and hypertension among white collar workers in Korea. Materials and methods: This study was based on the Third Korean Working Conditions Survey(KWCS) conducted in 2011 among workers 15 years of age or older. The total number of individuals included in the analysis was 10,365 white collar workers. Results: The prevalence rate of hypertension was 3.7% among men and 1.0% among women. In multiple logistic analysis the adjusted odds ratio showed statistically effective association to hypertension. For work related characteristics, 1.73 (95% confidence interval, 1.22-2.46) resulted for large-company workers compared with the small-company group, 2.14 (95% CI, 1.22-3.75) for the long working hours group (61 or above) compared with short working hours group(52 or below), 1.78(95% CI, 1.08-2.95) for night shift workers compared with day workers, and 1.54 (95% CI, 1.18-2.01) for high job stress workers compared with low job stress workers. Conclusions: This study showed that it is important for workers to manage their work environment in order to prevent hypertension by modifying their types of work.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.223-231
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• 2011

The thermal efficiency of energy-to-power conversion becomes uneconomically low when the temperature of heat source drops below $370^{\circ}C$. ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) has attracted much attention in last few years due to its potential in reducing consumption of fossil fuels and relaxing environmental problems, and its favorable characteristics to exploit low-temperature heat sources. In this work thermodynamic performance of ORC using nine working fluids is comparatively assessed. Special attention is paid to the effect of system parameters such as turbine inlet temperature and pressure on the characteristics of the system such as volumetric flow rate and quality at turbine exit, latent heat, net work as well as thermal efficiency. Results show that in selection of working fluid it is required to consider various criteria of performance characteristics as well as the thermal efficiency. Results also show that the system efficiencies become same irrespective of kind of working fluid when the temperature of heat source decreases to low range.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.529-536
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• 2002

The performance of stilting engine, in particular, its energy conversion efficiencies are critically influenced by the regenerator characteristics. The regenerator characteristics are influenced by effectiveness, void fraction. heat transfer loss and fluid friction loss in the regenerator matrix. These factors were influenced by the surface geometry and material properties of the regenerator matrix. The regenerator design goals arc good heat transfer and low pressure drop of working Bas across the regenerator. Various data for designing a wire screen matrix have been given by Kays and London(1984). The mesh number of their experiment. however, was confined below the No. 60. which seems rather small for the Stirling engine applications. In this paper. in order to provide a basic data for the design of regenerator matrix, characteristics of heat transfer and flow friction loss were investigated by a packed mettled of matrix in oscillating flow as the same condition of operation in a Stirling engine. Seven kinds of sing1e wire screen meshes were used as the regenerator matrices. The results are summarized as follows; 1. While the working fluid flew slowly in the regenerator. the temperature difference was great at the both hot-blow(the working fluid flows from healer to cooler) and cold-blow(the working fluid flows from cooler to healer). On the other hand. while the working fluid flew fast. the temperature difference was not distinguished. 2. The No.150 wire screen used as the regenerator matrix showed excellent performance than tile others. 3. Phase angle variation and filling rate affected heat transfer or regenerator matrices. 4. Temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the regenerator is very hish in degree of 120 phase angle.