• 공학교육연구
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.58-63
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• 2008

본 논문은 중소도시의 전기 설비 및 전기공사 업체의 인력 수요와 채용과정 및 훈련기관의 교육 내용을 조사하였다. 그리고 학생의 취업 향상과 교육훈련과정개발을 위한 정보를 제공함에 목적이 있다. 인력수요 및 교육수요와 현장 실습생 수요에 대해 분석하였다. 표본추출은 업종별, 규모별 할당표본 추출방법(quota Sampling)을 사용하였다. 조사방법은 전화 및 방문하여 조사하였으며, 자료분석은 엑셀을 이용한 통계 분석을 하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.34.1-34.5
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• 2018

In the previous section, we established a simple linear regression line by finding the slope and intercept using the least square method as: ${\hat{Y}}=30.79+0.71X$. Finding the regression line was a mathematical procedure. After that we need to evaluate the usefulness or effectiveness of the regression line, whether the regression model helps explain the variability of the dependent variable. Also, statistical inference of the regression line is required to make a conclusion at the population level, because practically, we work with a sample, which is a small part of population. Basic assumption of sampling method is simple random sampling.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.369-378
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose new adaptive search range motion estimation methods where the search ranges are constrained by the probabilities of motion vector differences and a search point sampling technique is applied to the constrained search ranges. Our new methods are based on our previous work, in which the search ranges were analytically determined by the probabilities. Since the proposed adaptive search range motion estimation methods effectively restrict the search ranges instead of search point sampling patterns, they provide a very flexible and hardware-friendly approach in motion estimation. The proposed methods were evaluated and tested with JM16.2 of the H.264/AVC video coding standard. Experiment results exhibit that with negligible degradation in PSNR, the proposed methods considerably reduce the computational complexity in comparison with the conventional methods. In particular, the combined method provides performance similar to that of the hybrid unsymmetrical-cross multi-hexagon-grid search method and outstanding merits in hardware implementation.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.55-62
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• 1993

These studies were conducted to: a) investigate work patterns and productivity indices, b) rate performance levels of employees and c) determine the suggested levels of personnel and labor hours for the effective labor control in school foodservice. Eighteen elementary school foodservices in Seoul were selected in order to analyze work patterns by the work sampling methodology. Allowance time and performance rating by VTR observation was done to determine the standardized labor hours. The results were as follows. The average percentage of each work function of the total work functions such as direct work function, indirect work function and delay were 65.57%, 8.12%, 26.31% respectively. The productivity index is 0.92 min/meal. The average working and delay hours per week of the foodservice director, foodservice employees and supply person were 33.64 hours, 23.25 hours, 38.52 hours respectively. The percentage of delay hours of total labor hours for foodservice employees and supply person were 42.27% and 24.0%. The standardized work hours and the appropriate levels of foodservice employees of 17 elementary school foodservices were examined: The average rating of the foodservice employees work was 1.19 and British Insulated Calendarer Cables (BICC) allowance rate was 19.40% on the average. The total work hours of foodservice employees were 172.64 hours per week and levels of personnel were 4.53 persons. BICC allowance rate was applied: The standardized work hours per week was 180.95 hours and appropriate levels of personnel were 4.11 persons based on legal 44 working hours.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2003

Regarding leisure and work as very important in residential life of old ages, this study analyzed their preference by leisure and work for senior congregate housing, which can provide proper work and leisure activities for older people who are able to manage their social activities with healthy condition. It conducted a survey of middle aged of the 50's who would face problems of senior housing in 2010, with stratified sampling by region, sex and housing structure type. Totally 556 Questionnaires were used for the final analysis. The research results showed that, first, the group which was positive toward their works mostly had spouse of the age of early 50' s and work for professional, technological, managerial positions with good health. Second, the more positive group towards their work showed high willingness to move in senior congregate housing, than a negative group towards their work, and put a weight on the openness of shared space and facilities as well as various alarming equipments, common space, common programs and the ability of managers. Third, according to the attitudes toward leisure activities, there were differences in each group by housing structure type, education of their own or their spouses, monthly income, property, economic ability, health condition, living together with spouse, housing tenureship, and usable area of houses. The fourth was that those who enjoy active leisure activities presented high willingness to move in senior congregate housing than those of negative attitude and also there was a difference in managerial ways. Throughout the results of the study, it appeared that a group of positive attitude toward work and leisure, than that of negative attitude, recognized the importance of senior congregate housing which social and leisure programs could support. It implied necessary to develop housing for the older people who have enough ability to manage their leisure activity as well as their work. The study is likely to have a contribution to suggest practical data for helping the development of housing for self-reliant seniors by analyzing their preference on senior congregate housing by their attitudes toward work. The research for the factors of various designs and managements by leisure and work may become the following research theme of the study.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.87-97
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• 2010

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of trust on work stress. Trust can be classified into three dimensions; social trust, institutional trust, and trust in others. The relationship between work stress and trust is regarded as having three components. First, trust has an influence on work stressors as an antecedent variable; secondly, trust modifies the effect of the various stressors, and finally, trust is one of the stressors. Methods: Data for this study was collected by interviews and self-administered structured questionnaires from 376 Korean and 77 Japanese workers in small businesses. Subjects were selected by two stage stratified random sampling from the working population of manufacturing industries. Results: Three different positions of trust are significantly related with the stress causation web. Social trust, institutional trust and trust in others significantly influence different work stressors in both Korean and Japanese workers. Three different kinds of trust influence work stressors among Korean workers, but institutional trust has no impact on work stressors among Japanese workers. As a moderating variable for perceived stress, distrust in an employer is statistically significant in both groups. However, stress symptom prevalence among Korean workers is modified by caution, trust in career development, and distrust in co-workers, but that of Japanese workers is modified only by distrust in employer. Job satisfaction of Korean workers is affected by general trust, utility of relation, institutional trust and trust in employer, but among Japanese workers, caution, reputation and trust in employer have influence on job satisfaction. Conclusion: The effect of trust on work stress, perceived stress, stress reaction and job satisfaction are different among Korean workers and Japanese workers. Three dimensions of trust have three different positions as antecedent, moderating and mediating factors in stress causation.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.77-92
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• 2017

This study is to examine the influence of family-friendly policies on married female workers'desire for an additional child and the mediating effects of family-friendly policies and birth intention on the relationship between work- and family-life. A questionnaire survey was conducted with married female women who were under the age of 40 years and with young children, using convenience sampling. Initially, a total of 400 survey questionnaires were distributed and 326 of them were gathered and analyzed as final data. The study conducted descriptive statistics, structural equation modeling, Sobel's test, latent means analysis, and multi-group analysis to test the hypotheses. The findings are as follows. First, family-friendly policies positively impacted married women's willingness to have additional children. Second, family-friendly policies had significant positive implications on married female workers' work-life. It shows that family-friendly policies influenced married women's job satisfaction and organizational commitment, enhancing work-life satisfaction. Third, family-friendly policies were positively related with married women's family-life. It revealed that the policies had an impact on their marital satisfaction and parenting stress, improving family-life satisfaction. Fourth, married women's work-life factors, such as job satisfaction and organizational commitment, were not significantly associated with their intention of childbirth. Fifth, marital satisfaction and parenting stress were positive and significant factors affecting women's willingness to have additional children. Sixth, married women's family-life mediated the association between family policies and their childbirth intention, but their work-life did not do. Last, work- and family-life mediated the significant effect of family-friendly policies on the willingness in both groups: family-friendly policies${\rightarrow}$work-life, family-friendly policies${\rightarrow}$childbirth willingness, and family-friendly policies${\rightarrow}$family-life.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.677-693
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 영 과잉 계수형 자료 분석을 위한 모형중의 하나인 영 과잉 포아송 모형의 베이지안 접근 방법에 대해서 연구한다. 구체적으로는 베이지안 영 과잉 포아송 모형의 적합을 위한 사후 표본을 추출하는데 있어서, 깁스 표집기(Gibbs sampler)를 이용하는 마르코프 연쇄 몬테칼로(MCMC) 방법과 역 베이즈공식(IBF)에 의한 표본추출 방법 두 가지를 고려한다. 이러한 두 가지 사후 표본 추출방법을 비교 설명하고, IBF를 통한 사후표본을 깁스 표집기 사후표본의 수렴성 여부를 확인하는 방식에 대해서도 소개한다. 이를 바탕으로 베이지안 영 과잉 포아송 모형을 Trajan이라는 사과 품종의 발아자료(Trajan data, Marin 등, 1993)에 적용하고 모수에 대한 사후추론을 실시하고 기존의 결과와 비교한다. 또한 주어진 자료에 대하여 영 과잉 포아송 모형이 적합한지에 대한 여부를 여러 가지 모형선택 기준을 통해서 살펴보고, 아울러 기존의 자료 분석 결과 (Rodrigues, 2003)를 보완하기 위하여 계층적 베이지안 모형과 같은 대안에 대해서도 논의해본다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제82권2호
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• pp.207-219
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• 1993

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 임분조사(林分調査)에 필요(必要)한 표본(標本) 조사법중(調査法中)에서 조사(調査)의 효율성(效率性)을 유지(維持)하면서 시간(時間)과 경비(經費)를 절약(節約) 할 수 있는 Spiegel Relaskop를 이용(利用)한 점조사법(點調査法)의 이론(理論)과 실제(實際) 현장(現場)에서의 사용(使用) 방법(方法)을 논(論)하고 실제(實際) 임분(林分)에 대한 조사(調査) 자료(資料)를 이용(利用)하여 흉고단면적(胸高斷面績), 생육(生育) 본수(本數), 재적(材積)의 계산(計算) 예(例)를 제시(提示)함으로서 우리나라의 임분(林分) 조사(調査) 실무(實務)에 도움이 될 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 개인용 Computer를 이용(利用)한 자료(資料)의 분석을 위하여 SAS(Statistical Analysis System)의 프로그램과 사용(使用)하기 손쉬운 계산기에 의한 계산법(計算法)을 제시(提示)함으로서 이론상(理論上)의 어려움에도 불구하고 임분조사(林分調査) 실무자(實務者)가 손쉽게 사용(使用)할 수 있는 방법(方法)을 제안(提案)하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2013

본 논문은 효율적인 몬테 칼로 시뮬레이션을 위하여 중요 샘플링(Importance sampling) 기법이 내장된 실험 틀을 제안한다. 제안하는 실험 틀은 중요 샘플링 기법을 적용하기 위해 기능적으로 세분화된 중요 표본기(Importance Sampler)와 편향 보상기(Bias Compensator)라는 두 개의 하위 모델을 내장(Embedded)한다. 이러한 하위 모델은 기존의 시스템 모델과 실험 틀의 경계에 플러그인 됨으로써 기존 모델들의 수정없이 재사용할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 그리고 제안하는 실험 틀은 기능적 측면에서 중요 사건에 대하여 동일한 수준의 결과를 얻는 데 있어 기존의 몬테 칼로 시뮬레이션보다 시뮬레이션 시간을 단축시킬 수 있다. 이러한 효용성을 입증하기 위해 두 가지 실험을 수행하였는데, 실험 결과, 본 실험에 대하여 기존의 몬테칼로 시뮬레이션보다 최대 400 배 가량의 시뮬레이션 시간 측면에서 성능 향상을 확인하였다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 실험 틀은 다양한 콘텐츠 분야에 적용되어 시뮬레이션 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 도구로 활용할 수 있을 뿐 아니라, 교육적 측면에서 다양한 사회 현상을 이해하고 해석하는 도구로도 활용이 가능하다.