• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.229-239
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• 2014

Smartwork technology, using teleworking, smartwork centers and mobile terminal, provides a flexible work environments without constraints of time and space. Smartwork system to increase the work efficiency has the information protection threats according to their convenience. Thus, in order to build smartwork, it is proper to provide information protection audit to help ensure the information protection. In this paper, we have proposed an infortaion protection audit model at the practical and technical level for building a smartwork environment. We were classified as a terminal, network and server area for information protection, and derived a professional information protection check items. Further, by establishing a smartwork information protection audit time to map ISMS control items, we have proposed an audit model so that it is possible to improve the security and efficiency. It also verified whether the proposed model is suitable or not by doing a survey if deduced audit domain and check items correspond with the purpose of the smartwork information protection audit to auditors and IT specialists. As the result, this study was 97% satisfaction out of 13 check items.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.5 s.83
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• pp.69-87
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• 2006

This article attempts to explore how the women retirees under study were able to continue work until retirement. This study used life histories, especially focusing on daily working lives, and uncovered a number of key issues through in-depth interviews. The main results are as follows: Firstly, the women retirees examined here had been raised as highly educated people, and their strong educational background was a base component for them to have relatively secure careers. Their parents had also supported practically the women retirees during their working lives. In addition, the women retirees had to can out the roles of 'provider' for their original families, procreation families or in-law families, even though they were not given the recognized roles of provider. Secondly, the women retirees had a private infra system to support them with housework and child care. In addition, because they were financially able to employ housemaids, the women retirees did not experience conflicts with their husbands, who took on a neo-traditional sex role. Finally, thanks to relatively good working conditions such as having vacations and being able to come to and leave the office on time, the women retirees were able to continue work until retirement no mean feat in a society which openly practiced gender discrimination.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.568-579
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to understand and describe the hospital workers' experience related to the hospital evaluation program implemented in Korea between 2004 and 2009. Methods: During 2010, data were collected using focus group interviews. Four focus group interviews were held with a total of 28 hospital workers participating. All interviews were recorded and transcribed as they were spoken, and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Nine themes emerged from the analysis: 1) Positive change in the necessity of the evaluation; 2) Improvement in the hospital system, facilities, and human resources; 3) Unity through cooperation among departments; 4) Nursing work overload; 5) Lack of physicians' awareness and responsibilities; 6) Unfair and unrealistic evaluation items; 7) Lack of credibility of the outcome; 8) Shifting responsibility for negative outcomes to the workers; 9) Lack of pragmatic utility. Conclusion: The results of the study demonstrate that the hospital evaluation program played a key role in improving some work environments and communication among departments. At the same time, they show various negative themes resulting from the context of very authoritarian hospital systems and a connection-oriented society in Korea.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.9
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• pp.1057-1063
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• 2014

Concerning $CO_2$ reduction from International Societies, lots of laboratories and relevant societies suggest many reports on how to reduce fuel consumption from their specific ways. Undoubtedly, cutting costs is the final desired destination for owner outcome, but many questions there are on the way yet: how is this measure working? how efficient is it? On what size of ship would it work best and be the most effective? etc. Fuel cost is one of the major cost elements for ship owners and/or operators. And by reducing fuel consumption owners and/or operators will reduce both their costs and the environmental impact from their ship. This paper is aim to address how the measures work for saving fuel consumption through improve propulsion efficiency, installation cost and benefit can be calculated easily in the return on investment for estimated one year operation, and finally their compatibility with other fuel saving measure devices.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2016

As one of recent issues in the information and communication industry, internet of things has attracted attention to provide intelligent infrastructure services which connect and share data and information between real and virtual world. According to the development of these internet of things technologies, types of machines, telecommunication devices, and terminals are increasing tremendously. In this situation, connectivity and interoperability between internet of things components are important issues to build a hyper connected society. To visualize this society, it is important to set up and develop information and communication technology (ICT) standards among stakeholders. However, under limited budget and human resources, it is essential to rank standardization work items for setting standards with respect to efficiency. The purpose of this study is to provide a method for setting standardization strategies within group decision making. As a multi-criteria group decision making tool, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is adopted and applied to determine the priorities of setting work items. The proposed method first defines decision making problem with objective, criteria, and alternatives which produces a hierarchy consisting of upper and lower criteria. Then, pairwise comparisons of academy and public sector experts are performed with respect to their relative meaning and importance. Individual surveys of expert groups are collected and summarized to determine relative criteria importance measures. Furthermore, to deliver reliable importance criteria measures, differences between academy and public sector expert groups are compared and tested using Mann-Whitney non-parametric test. The results are illustrated for useful guidelines to practical group decision making in standardization strategy establishments.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.206-217
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• 1997

This study was designed to analyze and compare production management practices and labor productivity between conventional and commissary school foodservices and 46 dietitians of commissary school foodservices in Kyunggi-do. The response rates were 89.7% and 91.3$\%$, respectively. The number of meals served was ranged from less than 100 to over 1, 900 in conventional school foodservices and from 200 to 1, 600 in commissary foodservices. Thirty three conventional foodservices(42.3%) produced less than 300 meals per day. Numbers of satellite school per central kitchen were ranged from 1 to 5 schools ; fifty percent of commissary foodservices have contained 3 satellite schools. Meals for satellite schools were transported between 11:00 a.m.and 12:00 a.m ; transportation time was from 10 to 90 minutes. Waiting time before service in satellite schools was between 10 minutes and 80 minutes. Part time employees supported by parents were hired in 37.3$\%$ of conventional and 50$\%$ of commissary school foodservices. Voluntary workers were supplied for 64.9$\%$ of conventional and 52.4$\%$ of commissary school foodservices. Labor productivity was calculated from work schedule. Labor productivity(labor minutes per meal)was lowest in foodservices with 101-4-- meals(8.48 min)was lower than that of foodservices with above 401 meals ; no significant differences were found among 401-700(6.02 min), 701-1, 100(4.01 min), 1, 101-1, 500(3.41 min), and 1, 501-1, 900(3.15 min)meals in conventional foodservices. Labor minutes per meal of foodservices which served less than 400 meals(6.90 min) per day was significantly lower than those of foodservices which served 401-1, 900 meal(3.41-4.92 min) in commissary foodservices(p<0.05)

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.73-86
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• 1999

This study was performed to find out factors affecting degree of satisfaction with workers' working environment. The study subjects were 165 workers who were working at painting process of twelve furniture manufacturing factories in Incheon area. We used self-administered questionnaire containing general characteristics, working conditions, the degree of satisfaction with working environment, and the degree of satisfaction with working condition. In addition, we measured the exposure levels of occupational hazardous agents. The results were as follows; 1. Correlations between the degree of satisfaction with workers' working environment and the measured of occupational hazardous agents did not affect the degree of satisfaction with workers' working environment. 2. Factors affecting the degree of satisfaction with workers' working environment were not the exposure levels of occupational hazardous agents, but the degree of satisfaction with working condition, size of industry, health status, and types of ventilation system. As the degree of satisfaction with working condition was increased, the degree of satisfaction with working environment was increased. Also, for the workers who had good health status, the degree of satisfaction with work environment was appeared to be high. To increase the degree of satisfaction, with workers' working environment, firstly, effective work management and production control are required. Also, the worker's effort to negotiate continuously with top manager on improving working conditions is required. Secondly, developing heath promotion program to be appropriate for the characteristics of worksite is required. Moreover, leading worker's participation in health promotion program is very important to increase the degree of satisfaction with workers' working environment.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.103-112
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• 2018

To improve current transportation service, a new Seoul Metropolitan Transportation Administration (Seoul MTA), backed by Korean central government, is on the way of being established. This paper tries to answer questions such as 'What is the best type of organizational formation of the upcoming institute to deliver better, seamless transportation service?' and 'What is the most suitable scope of work of the upcoming institute to achieve the goal?' A group decision making process, a kind of AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) was adopted to measure the experts' preferences of alternatives in quantitative scale measurement. To evaluate the alternatives, five evaluation criteria were selected. Among them, it is revealed that 'Improvement of the transportation service' and 'Political & Administrative power to make it happen' are the two most important evaluation criteria over what types or operating costs of the administrations are. When the five evaluation criteria are applied onto the group of alternatives, it yields that a stand-alone organization, which should be independent from upper-level government body, should have an integrated and sole authority on the area-wide transportation system management.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.155-162
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• 2020

The adjudication of Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal (KMST) was analyzed to collect basic data to identify the cause of the risk that did not appear in the current data provided by the fishermen's occupational accidents of the National Federation of Fisheries Cooperative (NFFC) in stow net fishing vessel from 2015 to 2019. The personnel's carelessness was the most common in 29 out of 33 accidents (87.9%), followed by 25 cases (75.8%) of inadequacy of instructions, 24 cases (72.7%) of inadequacy of education on hazard factor, 20 cases (60.6%) of no personal protection equipment, 18 cases (54.5%) of poor guard, 17 cases (51.5%) of inadequacy of work method, 16 cases (48.5%) of absence of emergency stop button, 14 cases (42.4%) of work practice of poor safety precautions that affected more than 40% of all accidents as accident causes. These causes had a strong influence on each other, and the ratio of accident causes is high. With this relationship, accidents can be prevented or the severity of human injury can be reduced if types of accident process can be estimated with a scenario, and the key points before the accident in the scenario are switched to safe points.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2018

The primary purpose of this study is to investigate whether Moon Jae-in administration's universal service policy of mobile date to lower communications fares can be justified. To do so, this work takes a look into the key features of mobile data in our society based on a theoretical perspective as well as a practical point of view. Also, it attempts to figure out whether mobile data service should be included in the scope of universal service in Korea by analysing the key features of mobile data and rethinking the basic concepts of universal service. As a result, this work reaches a conclusion that the government should reconsider universal service policy of mobile date and reform a universal service system in a different way.