• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2006

Purpose: The number of patients receiving radiotherapy has increased every year and will keep increasing in the future. Therefore, the technique of radiotherapy is developing from day to day, as a result of it, the quantities of image and data used for radiotherapy are also considerably increasing. Therefore, there have been many difficulties in storing, keeping and managing them. Then, we developed and applied this system for improving complicated work process as well as solving these problems with the collaboration Medical Information Team. Materials and Methods: We exported its image at R & V (Record and Verify: Varis vision, Varian, USA) system and planning system after giving some code to be able to access from management system(RO) for department of radiation oncology to PACS. And, we programmed their information by using necessary information among many information included in DICOM head. Results: All images and data generated by our working environment (Simulation CT, L-gram image and internal body structure, DRR, does distribution )were realized at PACS and it became to be possible for clear image to be printed from any computer in department of radiation oncology. Conclusion: It was inevitable to use film during radiotherapy for patients in the past, however, due to the development of this system, film-less system became to be possible. Therefore, the darkroom space and its management cost in relation to the development process disappeared and it became to be unnecessary for spending tangible and intangible financial expense including human resources, time needed for finding film storing space and film and purchasing separate storing equipment for storing images. Finally, we think this system would be very helpful to handle ail complicated processes for radiotherapy and increasing efficiency of overall working conditions.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.13
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• pp.35-71
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• 2012

The purpose of this essay is to examine the responses of artists on nuclear experiences through an analysis of the nuclear images represented in contemporary Japanese art. Japan has previously as twice experienced nuclear disaster in 20th century. The first atomic bombs were dropped in 1945 as well as the 5th Fukuryumaru, Japanese pelagic fishing boat, exposed by hydrogen bomb test operated by the US in 1954 nearby Bikini atoll. Due to Tsunami taken place by the great earthquake that caused the meltdown of Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant in March 2010, Japan is being experienced a nuclear disaster again. Despite practical experiences, comtemporary Japanese art has avoided the subject of nuclear disasters since the end of the Asia-Pacific War for a variety of reasons. Firstly, GHQ prohibited to record or depict the terrible effect of atomic bomb until 1946. Secondly, Japanese government has tried to sweep the affair under the carpet quite a while a fact of nuclear damage to their people. Because Japan has produced numerous war record paintings during the Second World War, in the aftermath of the defeated war, most of Japanese artists thought that dealing with politics, economics, and social subject was irrelevant to art as well as style of amateur in order to erase their melancholic memory on it. In addition, silence that was intended to inhibit victims of nuclear disasters from being provoked psychologically has continued the oblivion on nuclear disasters. For these reasons, to speak on nuclear bombs has been a kind of taboo in Japan. However, shortly after the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, the artist couple Iri and Toshi Maruki visited to ruin site as a volunteer for Victim Relief. They portrayed the horrible scenes of the legacy of nuclear bomb since 1950 based on their observation. Under the condition of rapid economical growth in 1960s and 1970s, Japanese subculture such as comics, TV animations, plastic model, and games produced a variety of post apocalyptic images recalling the war between the USA and Japanese militarism, and battle simulation based on nuclear energy. While having grown up watching subculture emerged as Japan Neo-Pop in 1990s, New generation appreciate atomic images such as mushroom cloud which symbolizes atomic bomb of Hiroshima. Takashi Murakami and other Neo-Pop artists appropriate mushroom cloud image in their work. Murakami curated three exhibitions including and persists in superflat and infantilism as an evidence in order to analyze contemporary Japanese society. However, his concept, which is based on atomic bomb radiation exposure experience only claimed on damage and sacrifice, does not reflect Japan as the harmer. Japan has been constructing nuclear power plants since 1954 in the same year when the 5th Fukuryumaru has exposed until the meltdown of Fukushima Nuclear Plant although took place of nuclear radiation exposures of Three Mile and Chernobyl. Due to the exploding of Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant, Japan reconsiders the danger of nuclear disaster. In conclusion, the purpose of this paper may be found that the sense of victim which flowed in contemporary art is able to inquire into the response of artist on the subject of nuclear as well as the relationship between society, politics, culture, and modern history of Japan and international political situation.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.123-134
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• 2019

The introduction of the world geodetic reference system in cadastral sector can apply the international standardization of cadastral survey and can be the basis for the creation of new industries by merging with other industries based on spatial information. With the introduction of the world geodetic reference system, non-coincidence land may cause problems which are whether the cadastral record and the real estate register are not consistent, etc. This problem infringes on the protection of ownership of citizens suggested in the main purpose of ｢Act On The Establishment, Management, Etc. Of Spatial Data｣. We have analyzed at overlapping cases between private land and overlapping cases between national and public land and suggested institutional improvement measures to solve problems arising on the site. As a result, it will be necessary to introduce a transformation verification measure by the world geodetic reference system in order to assign a function as a cadastral records to mapping converted to the world geodetic reference system. It is also expected that the legal and institutional basis should be established for alert adjustment and positioning through verification measures. Finally, it is difficult to determine the transformation factor as the co-ordinates of common points also differ because survey results vary by work area. Therefore, it is deemed necessary to consider the requirement to use the cadastral measurement basis by the world geodetic reference system in 2021.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.69
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• pp.129-152
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• 2021

With the enactment and enforcement of the 「Public Records and Archives Act」, the Tottori Prefectural Archives newly enacted the "Records Management Ordinance" through a comprehensive review of the previous archive function. In accordance with this ordinance, which came into effect in April 2012, Tottori Prefecture expanded the records management institutions (Public Security Committee and Police Headquarters, etc.) A series of archive systems were improved, such as the expansion and reinforcement of the authority to appraisal and select. In addition, the Tottori Prefectural Archives went further and implemented the "Ordinance on the Preservation of Historical Documents, etc." from April 2017. Through this, the municipalities unit basic local government's record management support work was set as a unique function of the local archive, and a linkage and cooperation system was established for the preservation of private records of the prefecture area as well as the basic local area together with cultural heritage institutions such as museums and libraries. As a reference case that continuously guarantees the performance of various activities based on the mission and vision of the local archives in Korea that aim for 'autonomy of records' on the poor archival culture soil, it is worth paying attention to the case of continuous record management reform of the Tottori Prefectural Archives through the enactment of the original role and function of the archive.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.123-155
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• 2022

This study focuses on the management of the news production system in broadcasting companies. This paper concentrates on the process of data registration and metadata management in order to examine whether the currently produced news can have value as a 'public record' in the long term, and whether reliable and accurate information is preserved. In addition, the user experience in the current system is analyzed through in-depth interviews with Ingest Managers, Editors, and Archive Managers, who are closely related to metadata creation compared to other members of the its News Department. Finally, a sustainable metadata quality management method is sought to increase the value of news footage as a 'public record'. In this study, these points can be found out: the metadata of the news agency footage is input manually according to the user's will or working style, that is, the user-friendly metadata input system is insufficient. Accordingly, it can be seen that the quality of the metadata of the news video continues to deteriorate. As an alternative to overcome this, it is found that work flow improvement, system improvement, classification system and metadata improvement plan, etc. are definitely necessary in the short and long term.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.237-249
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the adequacy of current nurse staffing levels by identifying nursing activities and workload. Methods: The study used a mixed-method design. A nursing activity survey was conducted using the work sampling method over 2 working days with 119 general ward nurses. A focus group interview was conducted with 12 nurses. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 and content analysis, respectively. Results: The most amount of time was spent on medication (in direct nursing) and electronic medical record documentation (in indirect nursing). The appropriate nurse-to-patient ratio is 1:7.7 for the day shift, 1:9.0 for the evening shift, and 1:11.9 for the night shift. However, the current nurse-to-patient ratio is 1:9.4, 1:11.0, and 1:13.8 for the day, evening, and night shifts, respectively. Therefore, the current nurse staffing level is insufficient for the workload. In the focus group interview, the main reasons cited for being unable to complete tasks within working hours were communication and coordination, and the nursing electronic medical record. The essential nursing activities of basic nursing and emotional support were overlooked owing to a heavy workload. Therefore, an adequate nurse staffing level should be higher than the measured quantitative workload. Conclusion: These results suggest the general wards of tertiary hospitals should evaluate the adequacy of their current nurse staffing and allocate sufficient nurses to improve patient safety and nursing care quality.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.139-148
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• 1987

The community health practitioners (CHP) play an important role in primary health care services to the underserved population in rural area. Time and motion study of 26 CHPs in Kyungpook Province was conducted through work diary method for 6 consecutive days from the time they arrived until they left the primary health post(PHP) during the past 3 weeks from November 16 to December 5, 1987. The allocation of activity time by working category, service category, location of activity and CHP's function was analyzed according to the characteristics of CHPs i. e., age, marital status and experience as CHP. The major findings are as follows : The mean activity time per CHP in a week was 2,918 minutes. The length of their working hours was longer for older, married and more experienced CHPs than others. About 80% of the CHP's activities took place within the PHP and only about 20% occured outside of the PHP. Working hours for the outdoor activities were longer for younger, single and less experienced CHPs than others. The allocation of activity time by working category showed 46.3% in the technical work and 18.7% in the administrative work. Working hours for the technical activities were longer for younger, single and less experienced CHPs than others. The percentage of activity time revealed greatest as much as 63.1% for direct patient care in technical work and 61.6% for record keeping in administrative work. Of the total working hours in a week, direct patient care and public health activities accounted for 29.2% and 16.2%, respectively. Of the indoor activities, working hours for direct patient care were longer than those for public health activities. However, of the outdoor activities, working hours for public health activities were longer than those for direct patient care. The allocation of activity time by CHP's function showed 49.7% in management of common disease, 31.8% in management of PHP and technical supervision of village health workers, 9.5% in MCH and family planning, 6.6% in community health management and 2.4% in community approach. Based on these findings, it was found that CHPs were mainly working in the PHP with a majority of their time being spent for direct patient care rather than preventive and promotive health cares. To enhance the preventive and promotive health services of the CHPs and to involve the activities for community development, refresher course for CHPs should be reinforced and supervision mechanism of the CHPs should be established and operated in Gun- and province-level.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.42
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• pp.257-290
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• 2021

The Wonju Nongyo (agricultural work song) is geographically classified as eastern minyo (folk song) which has many distinctive, regional features such as tunes, forms and the use of a melodic line. There has been growing attention to the transmission value of the nongyo including the Wonju Eorirang of the Wonju Origol Nongyo and its region of origin. The Wonju Nongyo is of great value and worthy of preservation in the western part of Gangwon Province. For this reason, it seems fairer to say that a focus should be directed towards establishing the identity of the song and increasing the contextualisation of transmission. At the same time, the preservation association's efforts in passing the traditional song down and education activities fairly deserve equal attention. In addition to the way the folk songs are handed down, a discussion on the facilitation of their use will be required. An in-depth discussion about the restoration and use of the song will be encouraged in a multifaceted manner. Unfortunately, few of the previous literatures on nongyo has gone so far as to investigate Arirang as a separate research topic. In fact, the Wonju Origol Nongyo should be viewed as an intangible cultural asset that paved the way for performance artistry of the Korean agricultural work songs to be seen at a national folk art festival. From the perspective of regional characteristics (traditionally termed "tori"), the Wonju Eorirang represents the cultural value of the manners and customs of our locals which constitute unwritten and neglected literary property and musicality of the song. Particularly, a more attention should be paid to making a record of woodcutters and diversity of farmers' small cooperative groups. The existence of the Wonju Eorirang indicates that the melodies to which the song are sung in Nongyo are of infinite variety. A minyo-singer unfolds various journeys of life through various modes and structure of epic chants, ranging from first encounter, love to marriage, realistic problems to relationship with husband's family and death. The epic chant of the Wonju Origol Nongyo contains a rich variety of regional sentiments about life. In particular, the epic chants of the Galtteukgisor and Ssoeltteukgisori are a genius example of sexual satire and a sense of humor. In the past, the agricultural work songs were rhythmic songs served to synchronize physical movements in groups, coordinating tasks in upland farming and rice paddy with the usage of catchy, repetitive verses easy to pass down. The Wonju Origol Nongyo is a precursor of the work songs which took the farming activities a notch higher to be part of the excitement and festivals. In the context of transmission, a festival serves to demonstrate the value of history and life. The value of the Wonju Eorirang should be appreciated and a concerted effort should be made to find a way to facilitate the transmission of the folk song. A folk-singer is a traditional oral poet and a storyteller of minyo and the forms and species of melody solely depend on the signer. The combination of performance and witticism is shown by the singer freely expressing himself. The Origol Nongyo symbolizes ethnic arts cleverly combining playful effects such as tune, rhythm and old agricultural work of the region. It is to be hoped that much of the efforts is directed to designating such folk songs as the archetype of a cultural heritage. In terms of the foundation on which the folk songs are transmitted, the usage(Performance Content) of a community would be an alternative.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.13
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• pp.91-134
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• 2006

In general, personally collected archives, manuscripts, are physically badly conditioned and also contextual of the archives and information on the history of production is mostly collected partly in the manuscripts. Therefore they need to control the name of the producers on the archives collected in various ways effectively and accumulate provenance information which is the key element when understanding the production background in the collecting repository. Here, the authority control and provenance information management must be organized from the beginning of acquisition and this means to collect necessary information considering control process of acquisition as well. This thesis is for verifying the necessity of the authority control in collecting repository and accumulation of the provenance information and for suggesting the things to be considered as collecting Archival authority system. For all these, this thesis shows that it has checked out the necessity of the authority control in archival management and archival authority control and researched the standard of archival authority control, work process and accumulation process. Archival provenance information management and authority control in the archival authority control system are organized through the whole steps of the archival management starting from the lead file to the name of the producers at archival registration and archival description at acquisition. And a lot of information is registered and described at the proper point of time and finally all the information including authority control which controls the Heading in the authority management must be organized to use them as an intellectual management of archives and Finding Aids. The features of the Archival authority system are as follows; first of all, Authority file type which is necessary at the archival authority control of democracy movement is made up of the name of the group, person, affair and terminology(subject name). Second of all, basic record structures and description elements in authority collection of Korea Democracy Foundation Archives apply in the paragraph 1 of ISAAR(CPF) adding some necessary elements and details of description rule such as spacing words and using the periods apply in the paragraph 4 of KCR coping with the features of the archival management system. And also the way of input on the authority record is based on EAC(Encoded Archival Context). Third of all, it made users approach to the sources which they want more easily by connecting the authority terms systemically making it possible to connect the relative terms with up and down words, before and after words variously and concretely expanding the term relations rather than earlier traditional authority system which is usually expressed only with relative words (see also). So the authority control of archival management system can effectively collect and manage the function of various and multiple groups and information on main activities as well as its own function which is controlling the Heading and express the multiple and intermediary relationship between archives and producers or between producers and it also provides them with expanded Record information service which satisfies user's various requests through Indexing service. Finally applying in this international standard ISAAR(CPF) through the instance of the authority management like this, it can be referred to making Archival authority system in Collecting repository hereafter by reorganizing the description elements into appropriate formations and setting up the authority file type which is to be managed properly for every service.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.361-367
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• 2008

When constructing a synthetic seismogram in the earthquake study or in seismic data interpretation by using a ray-tracing technique, the most troublesome and error-prone task is to define a suite of ray codes for the corresponding rays to trace in advance. An infinite number of rays exist for any arbitrarily located source and receiver in a medium. Missing certain important rays or an inappropriate selection of ray codes in tracing rays may result in wrong interpretation of the earthquake record or seismogram. Automatic ray code generation could be able to eliminate those problems. In this study we have developed an efficient algorithm with which one can generate systematically all the ray codes for the source(s) and receiver(s) arbitrarily located in a model. The result of this work could be used not only in analysing multiples in seismic data processing and interpretation, but also in coda wave study, study on the amplification effects in a basin and phase identification of the waves multiply reflected/refracted in earthquake study.