• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.20 no.2 s.33
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• pp.179-186
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• 2007

Objective : Skin barrier protects skin against harmful environment. Its function includes antimicrobial barrier as well as physical barrier. But there are few studies about skin barrier function about men and women who don't have skin disease. The aim of this study is to investigate skin barrier function healthy men and women show. Method : There are many ways to measure skin barrier function, but lately transepidermal water loss is mainly used to know skin barrier function. Transepidermal water loss was measured over eight four the Korean twenties and thirties who don't have skin disease from March 14th, 2007 to March 16th 2007. We surveyed cubital fossa and cheek beside nose to measure transepidermal water loss and used vapometer. Result : After analyzed data, we concluded that cheek showed higher transepidermal water loss than cuital fossa. At cheek, the thirties had higher transepidermal water loss than the twenties. The male got higher transepidermal water loss than the female at cheek and in the average. And temperature and humidity effected on transepidermal water loss. Conclusion: In our study, it was observed that temperature and humidity effected on transepidermal water loss. In traditional korean medicine, the inbalance of cold(寒), heat(熱), dryness(燥), wetness(濕) makes many diseases and the inbalance of them induces dameum(痰飮) and the disorder of blood flow. Dameum(痰飮) and the disorder of blood flow make skin diseases made by abnormal skin barrier function in many ways. So we need to study dameum(痰飮) and the disorder of blood flow to take care of patients who have abnormal skin barrier function.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.273-281
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for nursing programs to reduce fatigue among middle-aged adults by looking at age group differences. Method: The study used a secondary analysis design and participants were 315 middle-aged adults. The data was analyzed using $x^2$-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The findings revealed significant age group differences in socio-demographic variables for educational level, job, religion, economic status, consumption of cigarettes, experience with disease, satisfaction with spouse and children, and number of children. Scores of fatigue showed a significant difference between age groups. The factors influencing fatigue for subjects in their thirties were depression, level of education and self-efficacy. For those in their forties, factors were stress, depression, and self-efficacy. For those in their fifties, the factor was stress. Conclusion: For people in their thirties, school education or lifelong learning programs are needed to reduce fatigue. A disease prevention program and a family support program for people in their forties and fifties. Nurses need to provide customized nursing programs related to depression, stress and self-efficacy to reduce fatigue among middle-aged adults based on age groups.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.15-32
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• 2024

This study aimed to investigate the perceptions and preferences of foreigners residing in Korea towards K-fashion. It sought to provide suggestions for the future development of K-fashion targeting this growing demographic. The results revealed that the longer foreigners had lived in Korea, the more positively they rated Korean fashion, shopping, and culture. The majority of foreigners purchased K-fashion items online, with popular choices including T-shirts, jackets, shirts, and jeans. Both men and women identified shoulders as a common problematic area when wearing clothing, with some issues also reported in the lumbar region. In terms of preferences, younger males (teens and twenties) were more inclined towards fads and celebrity wear compared to older males (thirties and forties). Similarly, younger females (teens and twenties) showed a higher preference for functionality and celebrity wear compared to older females (thirties and forties). These findings suggest that men tend to prioritize aesthetic factors when choosing K-fashion, while women prioritize practical considerations. To better cater to foreign consumers, suggestions for the development of K-fashion include promoting it through K-pop stars, considering dimensions related to foreigners' shoulders when designing top items, diversifying colors, sizes, and patterns, and providing English versions of online shopping platforms.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.67-91
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• 2015

The purpose of the present study is to analyze thematically everyday lives (food, clothing, shelter, spending, and leisure) of single women in their thirties or forties. As a result of the analysis, everyday lives of single women could be grouped into five main categories of themes which may be labeled as 'Self', 'Relationship', 'Survival', 'Preparation for the future', 'Freedom and hidden side of the freedom'. As for the first category of themes 'Self', three sub-themes have been found including "Only for me", "Perfection of self", "My own style". Next, as for the second category 'Relationship', two sub-themes have been found including "With her family (For her family, still under the protection of her family)", "With other people (Pleasures with people, Comfortable with single friends, Communicating with the world)". As for the third category 'Survival', three sub-themes have been found including "Health", "Safety", "Practice of living alone", As for the fourth category 'Preparation for the future', three sub-themes have been found including, 'Good spending', 'Savings for later life', 'Leisure in later life'. And finally, as for the fifth category 'Freedom and hidden side of the freedom', two sub-themes have been identified including "I am free because I'm alone (Freedom from bondage of my family, Compensation for being alone)", "Hidden side of the freedom (Fear, dislike feeling and insecurities due to being alone, Overcoming loneliness or solitude)". In all, there are eighteen sub-themes to consider. On the basis of these results, we presented some conclusions on the Everyday Lives of Single Women in their thirties or forties. We also presented some implications of these results on population education and future research.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.65-79
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• 2004

There are two purposes in this study. The first one is to collect some oral health information through the investigations upon the oral health care of Korean adults. Referring to the result of the investigation. I wanted to furnish fundamental data with oral health education for each age and with a publicity booklet editing. That is the second purpose of this research. Among the people who visited Seo-gu Public Health Center in Kwang-ju, 207 people answered the questionnaires. There were 86 men and 121 women from the 20-aged to the 59- aged. The questionnaires covers knowledge aquisition path for dental caries prevention, the cognition degrees for the causes of dental caries and its prevention, the cognition degrees for the causes of periodontal disease and its prevention, the degrees for oral health methods, and the importance of oral health. The conclusions are as follows; 1. The cognition degree for dental caries prevention: The cognition for pit and fissure sealant was appeared most highly in thirties by 85.3%. but 62.1 % in fifties was answered, "Never heard". The cognition degree for fluoride application was appeared most highly in thirties by 73.5%. and the cognition degree for water fluoridation was most highly in forties by 54.2%. 2. The knowledge for pit and fissure sealant was acquired mostly through dental hospital in every age by 54.2%. 3. The knowledge for fluoride application was learned mostly through dental hospitals in twenties and thirties by 32.7%. and mostly through TV or radio health programs in forties and fiftieseach by 35.7% and 50.0%. 4. The knowledge for water fluoridation was acquired through TV or radio programs in all ages such as twenties. thirties. forties and fifties. Its rate was 57.8%. 5. The cognition degree of the cause of dental caries: 53.1 % of all ages think that dental caries can most frequently be caused by being lack of toothbrushing. 6. The cognition degree of the cause of periodontal disease: 58.5% people of all ages think that both dental plaque and calculus might be the main cause of periodontal disease. 7. The cognition degree of dental caries prevention: 72.8% people think that dental caries can be prevented by right tooth brushing method. and 8.7% people think that they can be prevented by scaling. However, 10.7% people of them were not interested in dental caries prevention. 8. The importance of oral health: 35.3% people think that teeth health is the most important, and 63.8% people think oral health is one of the most important health problems. Forties answered that tooth health was the most important thing, and fifties. thirties and twenties followed in the order. 9. The cognition for oral health maintenance: all ages(twenties. thirties. forties. and fifties) answered that right toothbrushing method was the best way to keep oral health by 69.1%.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.447-461
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to develop a torso pattern that is highly representative for the proper body shape of women in their thirties. Size data of the women with age of 30 through 39 from the database of Size Korea 2004 were used for the study. In order to develop a master pattern which will be used as the benchmark for grading of research group, 4 existing torso block drafting methods were compared based on the data gathered and the block with the highest evaluation score was utilized as a reference point. For the analysis, data was divided into four types, only the data of 138 subjects which were evaluated at least by four or more experts as valid were used for the study. The major results can be summarized as follow. The women of bust girth of 91cm and height of 160cm which was turned out to be representative type of research group were used as standard measurement for the purpose of reflecting not only curve length of the 3D analysis measurement but also the difference between front and back thickness to the pattern. Dart locations were set based on front and back torso ease, shoulder area revisions, front sagging length 1.5cm and cross section crevice length analysis. According to the experts' appearance evaluation of the pattern was found to be better than the control pattern which was regarded as the best among 4 patterns created based on existing torso block drafting methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.103-121
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to provide basic information to improve competitiveness of Korean fashion brands in the Chinese fashion market by taking photos of street styles in Seoul that is the hub of Korean fashion and in Dalian, the northeastern district where Korean fashion brands are launched as a test market China to compare and analyze the clothing colors preferred mostly by young women in their twenties and thirties who have the highest purchasing power. The study methods used literature review and empirical study simultaneously. Dalian and Seoul are two fashion cities in northeast of China and Korea where street fashion was photographed. Clothing colors that were mainly worn by young women in their twenties and thirties were qualitatively analyzed using the photos taken. Color analysis was based on the Munsell Color Order System to grasp general preferences of colors on the basis of previous researches, and color tones were based on the ISCC-NBS System. In order to grasp the basic materials on Seoul, the Korean fashion city and Dalian, the northeastern fashion city in China, street fashion styles of 2010/11 F/W season were compared and analyzed. As a result, black and deep tone PB color appeared most frequently. The vivid and strong tone of R, YR, Y color showed high frequency of clothing colors. For the top wear, women in both areas preferred similar tones in the YR color category and Dalian women preferred vivider and brighter S tones in the R color category. For the bottom wear, women in both areas highly preferred achromatic colors and colors in the PB color category. For bags, women in both areas preferred black and colors in the YR color category. Finally, for the shoes, while women in both areas preferred black in the achromatic color category, they showed different color preferences in the chromatic color category. R color categories were preferred by the women in Seoul and the YR color categories were preferred by the women in Dalian. Conclusively, women in both cities highly preferred achromatic colors especially black for the top and bottom wear, bags, and shoes. It may reflect their desire to look refined and slender through colors. Moreover, continuous and steady research on fashion trends in Seoul and Dalian may have positive effects on Korean fashion businesses that plan to be launched in China, the area of competition for global brands.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.571-577
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• 2016

Recently problems and issues of career-interrupted women were emerging as major social agenda in modern general and female society. This study modified and restructured REBT career group counseling and intended to testify the effects of REBT career group counseling program on self-efficacy and career attitude maturity of career discontinued married women in thirties. The subjects were career-interrupted married women in thirties living in J city, who have elementary school students as their children and applied to our study with 3 groups. 45 subjects were randomly assigned to experimental group(REBT Group), control group1(education group for vocational counselor) and control group2(general parental education group) by the number of 15. To assess effects of 3 groups, pre-test and post-test were carried out. Results showed that the participants of REBT group showed more self-efficacy, social efficacy and total self-efficacy scores than them of 2 control groups. And they had tendency to have more sense of reality, preparedness and total career attitude maturity scores. It seems that REBT career counseling program changed their irrational beliefs into rational beliefs about course and career, increasing their self-efficacy and career attitude maturity. The meaning, limitation and future tasks were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.630-640
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate and make comparison of clothing images presented in women's formal and casual brands. The data were collected from 39 formal brands out of 155 and 64 casual brands out of 256 in Korea Fashion Brand Annual in 2005/2006. 316 words selected were classified into five clothing images according to the definition of previous researches and analyzed according to age ranges and price zones of brands. The results were as follows: 1) Formal brands focused on thirties and forties in age ranges and better and prestige in price zones, while casual brands centered on twenties in age range and better and volume in price zones. 2) Luxury, modem and feminine were more frequent words than others both in formal and casual brands, but elegant was found most frequently in formal brands, while comfortable, chic and simple were found frequently in casual brands. 3) Clothing images were classified into four types and appeared in elegance, modernity, individuality, and activeness order in formal brands, while clothing images in casual brands were classified into five types including youthfulness and appeared in elegance, activeness, modernity, individuality, and youthfulness order. 4) Elegance was a highly presented as clothing image in all the age ranges except thirties of formal brands but modernity and activeness with elegance were presented in price zones of casual brands. This study found that there were differences in clothing images in women's formal and casual brands.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.214-231
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this research is a comparative study of the actual, the perceptive and the ideal body shape of the obese and non-obese female in their twenties and thirties Methods: The actual, the perceptive and the ideal body shape of the obese female and the non-obese female were collected and statistically analyzed in 25-34 years old. Results: In 25-29 years old the obese group and the non-obese group shows considerable difference in the weight, abdomen, calf circumstance in their actual body shape, but they recognize similar size as their ideal body shape in the hip, thigh and calf circumstances. They recognized that they are fatter than the actual body shape in the thigh, hip, and calf circumstances in common. In 30-34 years old the obese group and the non-obese group shows considerable difference in the weight, upper arm, abdomen, hip, thigh, calf circumstances in the actual body shape, but they recognize similar size as their ideal body shape in the thigh, hip, and calf circumstances. They recognized that they are fatter than the actual body shape in the weight, upper arm circumstances in common. Conclusion: These new data about body shape in 25-34 years women could be adopt as a useful clinical tool for body image related patients such as obesity, PCOD and postpartum patient in Korean women.