• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.356-372
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the perception, preference and usage of Korean festival foods of women according to age in Busan. The survey was conducted from October 15, 2012 to November 30, 2012 using questionnaires and the data were analyzed with the SPSS program. In general, younger women (20~30 years old) had a lower interest in Korean festival foods than slightly older women (40~50 years old). Most of women over 40 years of age prepared Korean festival foods at home, but many who were in their 20's (45.9%) and 30's (41.1%) obtained their foods from family and relatives. Overall, 62.5% of the subjects wanted to inherit Korean festival food from family and relatives. The dissemination of information and recipes of Korean festival foods were needed for succeeding to Korean festival foods. The taste score was significantly lower for women in their 20's compared to those over 40. Women under 40 reported a lower ease of cooking compared to women over 50. Tangguk (4.93) on Seollal showed the highest perception degree in the order of Namul (4.91), Tteokguk (4.90), and Sikhye (4.90). Jeon, Yaksik, Sikhye, and Gangjeong were the most highly preferred in every group. The preference degree of Pajeon was significantly higher in women under 40 than in those over 60. Tteokguk and Tangguk were more highly preferred in women in their 30's and 40's compared to the other groups. There was a significant positive correlation between preference for festival food and education level, degree of knowledge, degree of interest, will for inheritance, and will for learning (P<0.01). In conclusion, festival foods rich in local tradition should be developed, publicized and used to educate others. The simplification of cooking methods and the development of processed foods are needed to pass on the traditional food culture of Busan.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.12
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• pp.105-114
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• 1998

The objectives of this study were to classify the contents of clothing image preferences, and to examine how clothing image preferences vary according to extroversion-introversion, gender, and age. Subjects for the study were 627 men and women ranging in ages from teens to forties in Kwangju City, Korea. The results of the study were as follows; 1) Four factors of clothing image preference derived by factor analysis : F. 1 'peculiar image' ; F. 2 'noble image' ; F. 3 'bright image' ; F. 4 'sprightly imagel'. 2) The interaction between extroversion-introversion groups and gender groups was significant for sprigtly images. The men of extroversion group tended to prefer gentle images, while the women of extroversion group preferred sprightly images. 3) The women liked sprightly images more than the men, the liked gentle images more. Women in their 20's liked sprightly image most, but as they grew older they tended to prefer gentle images. 4) The extroversion groups liked peculiar images more than the introversion groups. Teens liked peculiar image more than the others, subjects in their 30's and 40's preferred commonplace images. 5) The extroversion groups liked noble images more than the introversion groups. Women in their 30's and 40's liked popular images more than female subjects in their teens and twenties. Women in their teens and twenties liked popular images more than did the men in the same age group. 6) The extroversion groups liked bright images more than the introversion groups. Men in their teens and 20's liked bright images more than did men in their 30's and 40's. This finding suggests that women liked sprightly and noble clothing images, and men liked commonplace and gentle images. As they grew older, they tended to like commonplace, popular, and gentle clothing images. The extroversion groups liked peculiar, noble, and bright images more than did the introversion groups. The results of this study mean that personality traits such as extroversion-introversion are characteristics that affect clothing preferences, and it is possible to infer people's personality by their attire.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.155-162
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing desired postnatal weight loss in women after birth. Methods: With correlational survey design, 191women of the study participants completed questionnaires on their desired postnatal weight loss and related factors, and body and health concerns during their hospitalization after birth. Data were collected from February to May, 2011. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression. Results: The women's gestational weight gain, pre-pregnant BMI, body concerns, expected time to reach the desired weight after birth and health concerns were identified as factors influencing desired postnatal weight loss in women after birth. The model explained 68% of the variance. Conclusion: Results suggest that nurses in women's health care should consider women's gestational weight, pre-pregnant BMI and their body concerns, health concerns and expected time to reach the desired weight after birth when developing weight management program for women after birth.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.97-112
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• 2006

For 387 married women in their 20s to 50s, we inquired about the differences in whether they intended on moving into a welfare facility, depending on their views on supporting the elderly and the burden of supporting elderly parents, and tried to find out factors that would affect their decision to move into a welfare facility. With those objectives in mind, we conducted a survey targeting married women in their 20s to 50s who live in Seoul, Daejun or a city or county in Choongnam-do, and carried out frequency analysis, intersection analysis, one-way ANOVA and judge analysis. Our findings from those analyses are summarized as follows. First, when considering married women's characteristics and examining their intention of moving into a welfare facility for the elderly, there was a meaningful difference in their intention depending on age, academic background, occupation, and area of residence. Second, our analysis of the differences in their intention of moving in, based on married women's view on supporting the elderly and the burden of supporting elderly parents, indicates that due to these responsibilities, the greatest number of married women expressed their intention of moving in if a convenient facility for the elderly and service were provided. However, the analysis for the intention of moving in depending on savings for old age, did not exhibit any meaningful difference. Third, from the examination of determining factors for married women's intention of moving into a welfare facility for the elderly, based on age, academic background, occupation, residential area, responsibility for supporting an elderly family member and savings for old age, it was found that the burden of support was the only meaningful effective factor.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.161-171
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to classify the lower body of the lost women and to investigate the three-dimensional characteristics of each lower body somatotype of them. The subject were ninety seven women whose. age were twenties and whose height and bust girth were in the range of mean$\pm1\delta$ of typical body size of twenties' Korean women. The forty one variables of their lower body were measured by Martin's Anthropometric Instrument. And they were analyzed for mean, standard deviations factor analysis, and cluster analysis. In the second phase of analysis, the three participants were re-selected in each type were measured by Sliding Guage and analyzed their lower body somatotype. The results were as follows; The components of lower body of 20s' women were extracted with 7 factors through factor analysis and orthogonal rotation by the method of Varimax. The rate of the cumulative contribution was 84.1% the first factor was the thickness of lower body, the second factor was the vertical size of lower body the third factor was the front shape of hip, the forth factor was the vertical size of hip, the fifth factor was the shape of abdomen, the six factor was the flat-ratio of waist and the seventh factor was flat-ratio of hip. The somatotype of 20's women's lower body can be classified into 3 types. Type 1 is the standard somatotype of 20's women's lower body and the 34.0% of the participants in the study was categorized into type 1. Type 2 is a short and corpulency type with protruded abdomen and hip and the 29.9% of the participants in the study was categorized into type 2. And the type 3 is a tall and thin type with plat abdomen and hip and the 37.1% of the participants was categorized into type 3.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.561-576
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to classify the upper torso body types of obese Korean adult women using the 7th Korea National Anthropometric Study data and compare the body type differences according to three age groups: 20s~30s, 40s~50s, and 60s. A total of 548 adult women whose BMI was in the obese range of 25 or higher and whose age ranged from 20s to 60s were selected from the anthropometric database. Twenty-nine body measurements related to torso and arm areas important for torso and sleeve pattern development were chosen. Five drop values by differences between bust, waist, and hip circumferences were also chosen for analysis. The number of obese women increased with age. The results revealed seven factors according to the factor analysis and three obese body types based on the cluster analysis. Body type 1 (47.3% of obese women) was characterized by narrow shoulders, a small or medium torso, and a straight waist. Body type 2 (42.4% of obese women) was characterized by a defined waist and a larger lower torso than upper torso. Body type 3 (10.3% of obese women), the largest obese body type among the three types, was characterized by a large bust, large abdomen area, and long upper torso. Women in their 20s to 30s were most likely to have body type 2, women in their 40s to 50s were evenly distributed between body types 2 and 3, and women in their 60s were most likely to have body type 1.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.67-74
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• 2018

Korean nail-beauty is mainly concentrated on women in their 20s and 40s. The purpose of this study is to investigate the structure and characteristics of nails based on the literature and to measure the nail size of adult women in their 20s to 40s as an empirical study. The purpose of this study is to utilize the measurement results as basic data for the standardization of nail size through comparative study with previous studies. For the study method, 150 (50 for each age group) adult female in 20 ~ 40 years with cuticle removed for 30 days from September 17 to October 16, 2017 were measured. As the result, As a result of measurements, the width of the nail was almost similar to that of the researcher. However, the thumb was 1.01 mm longer than the results of the previous researchers. The index nail was 1.12 mm longer, the middle nail was 0.82 mm longer, and the ring nail was 1.3 mm longer than the previous study.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.277-302
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to suggest fundamental information about wearing method and production of brassiere, which is suitable for physiological hygiene and efficient action for elderly women. The subject is 418 elderly women aged 50∼69 years old. Data is processed by a computer(SAS) and is analyzed by using frequency, percentage, x²-test. The main results of this study are as follows. 1. Elderly women'weight and breast size are higher thant their younger counterparts'in their 20's, but the older and poorer women with more children have smaller weight and breast. Most of the elderly women feel that their breasts are drooped or falling apart. I fact, those elderly women who gave birth to more children have more drooped and wider breasts. The major type of elderly women'breast is the 'drooped breast' featured more by those elderly women who have more children. 2. Most of the elderly women began to wear the brassiere for the first time in their 20's the older women with more children began to wear the brassiere earlier, while those less educated and poorer began to protect their breasts with brassiere later. Many elderly women wear the brassiere to be protected from dirt, noise or look more neat, but day tend to wear the brassiere not all day around but at certain times, older, less educated and proper women with more children tend to use the brassiere for etiquette and less often. This group of elderly women feel tedious, stage or uncomfortable for the brassiere. 3. Most of the elderly women know about their brassiere size. Such variables as age, education and income are correlated positively with the interest in and consciousness of the brassiere size. All in all, the statistical distribution of elderly women's brassiere size is very wide, while most of them use 90A, 85A and 95A sizes. On the other hand, the most popular size of the under bust circumference is 85∼90cm, while their primary cup size is A.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 1993

The purpose of this paper it to investigate the differences in prevalence of obesity and body fat distribution on the variances of age. Height, weight, skinfold thickness and girth circumference on about 422 women residing in Cheju, Korea were surveyed. The results of analysis of the survey are as follows : 1) All the antropometric measurements except height were shown to increase with age. Weight is at its highest level between the age of 50-59. The measurement of skinfold thickness and girth circumference between the ages of 20-39 of the female subjects are significantly higher than the above 40's. However, there is no significant difference among the middle aged women. 2) Physical indices tend to increase according to age. Both BMI and RBW of women in their 50's are at their highest values, however, the index values of the women in their 60's decreased slightly (p<0.05). On the contrary, there is no significant difference in the percentage of body fat and total body fat content among the middle aged women surveyed. 3) According to this survey, 15.6% of the 422 subjects are assessed as being obese ; more specifically 4.4% of women in their 20's, 12.6% in 30's, 25.6% in 40's, 22.5% in 50's and 17.3% in 60's. 4) 39.4% among obese women proved to be upper body type women. Because the frequency of upper body type women became higher as the obese women aged, there is possibility that the pattern of fat distribution can change. 5) Weight is the most highly correlated with BMI(r=0.91), whereas weight as correlated with RBW, percentage of BF and WHR are 0.8, 0.66 and 0.44 respectfully. The conclusion of this survey is that it is better to estimate the value of total body fat and percentage of body fat than the value of BMI in the analysis of prevalence of obesity and its related factors of middle aged women.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.147-161
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• 2023

This study used 3D anthropometric data from the 8th Size Korea to type and analyze whole body shapes of obese women in their 20s and 30s, and constructed dimensional data for human body items needed to create a 3D human body model for each type. The data analysis used data from 148 obese women in their 20s and 30s, and a total of 48 index values, drop values, and angle items were subjected to factor analysis and one-way variance analysis to categorize body types and verify significant differences by type. As a result of the factor analysis, 12 factors were extracted and divided into 4 body types. Type 1 is a 'standard type with a curved torso with balanced upper and lower body lengths', Type 2 is a 'bending forward type with a short, thick lower body, and an uncurved torso', Type 3 is a 'lean back type with a long and thin lower body and an H-shape torso', Type 4 is a 'sway back type with a long and thick lower body and abdominal obesity'. The representative body type of obese women in their 20s and 30s was identified as Type 1. The constructed body shape information will be used as basic data for future 3D human body modeling.