• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2014

In this paper, I propose a new energy efficient clustering scheme to prolong the network lifetime by reducing energy consumption at the sensor node. It is possible that a node determines whether to participate in clustering with certain probability based on local density. This scheme is useful under the environment that sensor nodes are deployed unevenly within the sensing area. By adjusting the probability of participating in clustering dynamically with local density of nodes, the energy consumption of the network is reduced. So, the lifetime of the network is extended. In the region where nodes are densely deployed, it is possible to reduce the energy consumption of the network by limiting the number of node which is participated in clustering with probability which can be adjusted dynamically based on local density of the node. Through computer simulation, it is verified that the proposed scheme is more energy efficient than LEACH protocol under the environment where node are densely located in a specific area.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.228-232
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• 2008

In recent years, wireless ad hoc networks have become increasingly popular in both military and civilian applications due to their capability of building networks without the need for a pre-existing infrastructure. Recently, IEEE 802.11 Task Group e has been working on a new mechanism, the Enhanced Distributed Coordination Function (EDCF), to enhance the performance of 802.11 DCF. However, EDCF only reduces the internal collisions within a station, and external collisions between stations remain high in ad-hoc networks. In this paper, we propose to adopt an adaptive backoff window control technique, based on a dynamic value of the initial value of the range in which the backoff is chosen, so the backoff timer is randomly chosen in the range (InitRng, CW-1). We use ns-2 simulation to evaluate the throughput of our scheme. Results show that the throughput is improved for our scheme compared to the original DCF due to the reduced the number of collisions.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.606-613
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• 2013

This paper proposes a complete solution of a contention-based medium access control in wireless local networks to provide station level quality of service guarantees in both downstream and upstream directions. The solution, based on the mature distributed coordination function protocol, includes a new fixed contention window backoff scheme, a tuning procedure to derive the optimal parameters, a super mode to mitigate the downstream bottleneck at the access point, and a simple admission control algorithm. The proposed system guarantees that the probability of the delay bound violation is below a predefined threshold. In addition, high channel utilization can be achieved at the same time. The numerical results show that the system has advantages over the traditional binary exponential backoff scheme, including efficiency and easy configuration.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2004

Ultra Wide Bandwidth (UWB) spread-spectrum techniques will playa key role in short range wireless connectivity supporting high bit rates availability and low power consumption. UWB can be used in the design of wireless local and personal area networks providing advanced integrated multimedia services to nomadic users within hot-spot areas. Thus the assessment of the possible interference caused by UWB devices on already existing narrowband and wideband systems is fundamental to ensure nonconflicting coexistence and, therefore, to guarantee acceptance of UWB technology worldwide. In this paper, we study the coexistence issues between an indoor UWB-based system (hot-spot) and outdoor point to point (PP) links and Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) systems operating in the 3.5 - 5.0 GHz frequency range. We consider a realistic UWB master/slave system architecture and we show through computer simulation, that in all practical cases UWB system can coexist with PP and FWA without causing any dangerous interference.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.640-652
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• 2012

Many studies have investigated the smart grid architecture and communication models in the past few years. However, the communication model and architecture for a smart grid still remain unclear. Today's electric power distribution is very complex and maladapted because of the lack of efficient and cost-effective energy generation, distribution, and consumption management systems. A wireless smart grid communication system can play an important role in achieving these goals. In this paper, we describe a smart grid communication architecture in which we merge customers and distributors into a single domain. In the proposed architecture, all the home area networks, neighborhood area networks, and local electrical equipment form a local wireless mesh network (LWMN). Each device or meter can act as a source, router, or relay. The data generated in any node (device/meter) reaches the data collector via other nodes. The data collector transmits this data via the access point of a wide area network (WAN). Finally, data is transferred to the service provider or to the control center of the smart grid. We propose a wireless cooperative communication model for the LWMN.We deploy a limited number of smart relays to improve the performance of the network. A novel relay selection mechanism is also proposed to reduce the relay selection overhead. Simulation results show that our cooperative smart grid (coopSG) communication model improves the end-to-end packet delivery latency, throughput, and energy efficiency over both the Wang et al. and Niyato et al. models.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2004

이 논문에서는 무선 LAN망과 이동통신망을 연동하는 통합 시스템에 적합한 과금 시스템 구현 방안을 제시한다. 기존의 무선 LAN망과 이동통신망의 과금 정보를 식별하는 방식이 서로 상이하여, 두 망을 연동하는 통합 시스템에서는 두 망의 과금 정보를 통합하여 식별할 수 있는 방법이 필요하다. 따라서, 이 논문에서는 무선 LAN망과 이동통신망의 서비스를 모두 사용하는 연동 시스템에서 통합된 과금 식별자를 사용하여 두 가지 망의 서비스 사용에 대한 과금 정보를 수집하는 방법을 제시한다. 또한 선불제, 후불제, 정액제와 같은 사용자의 과금 방식을 기반으로 과금 정보 수집 주기를 변경하는 방식을 제시하고, 제시된 방법을 통해서 과금 정보의 정확성을 높이고 과금 정보 수집에 필요한 통신 부하가 감소되는 것을 검증한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제5권9호
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• pp.1492-1512
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• 2011

Due to multiple hops, mobility and time-varying channel, supporting delay sensitive real-time traffic in wireless local area network-based (WLAN) mesh networks is a challenging task. In particular for real-time traffic subject to medium access control (MAC) layer control overhead, such as preamble, carrier sense waiting time and the random backoff period, the performance of real-time flows will be degraded greatly. In order to support real-time traffic, an efficient adaptive packet scheduling (APS) scheme is proposed, which aims to improve the system performance by guaranteeing inter-class, intra-class service differentiation and adaptively adjusting the packet length. APS classifies incoming packets by the IEEE 802.11e access class and then queued into a suitable buffer queue. APS employs strict priority service discipline for resource allocation among different service classes to achieve inter-class fairness. By estimating the received signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) per bit and current link condition, APS is able to calculate the optimized packet length with bi-dimensional markov MAC model to improve system performance. To achieve the fairness of intra-class, APS also takes maximum tolerable packet delay, transmission requests, and average allocation transmission into consideration to allocate transmission opportunity to the corresponding traffic. Detailed simulation results and comparison with IEEE 802.11e enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) scheme show that the proposed APS scheme is able to effectively provide inter-class and intra-class differentiate services and improve QoS for real-time traffic in terms of throughput, end-to-end delay, packet loss rate and fairness.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제48권11호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 사용자가 각기 다른 구조를 가진 다양한 무선랜 네트워크 (Wireless Local Area Network) 들 간 핸드오버시 사용자에게 끊김 없는 인터넷 연결을 제공하기 위한 새로운 이동성 관리 구조 및 모델을 제시한다. IETF에서는 MIPv6와 이를 확장한 HMIPv6, PMIPv6 등의 많은 이동성 관리를 위한 연구가 진행되었지만 현실적으로 무선 접속점이 서로 다른 개인 관리자 또는 ISP에 의해 관리되고 있기 때문에 접속 인증 방법 및 이동성 프로토콜이 달라 이러한 이동성 관리 프로토콜은 이동 단말의 핸드오버 시 응용 서비스에 대한 QoS (Quality of Service)를 보장 할 수 없다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 사용자가 무선 네트워크를 생성하여 핸드오버 시 QoS를 보장하는 이동성 관리 방법을 제안한다. 더욱 자세히는, 끊김 없는 인터넷 서비스를 제공하기 위한 사용자 정의 네트워크의 모델, 구조 및 알고리즘을 제시한다. 마지막으로, 네트워크 시뮬레이터 2 (Network Simulator Tool 2)를 이용하여 제안된 알고리즘에 대한 성능 분석을 하였다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

A novel design of a simple circular ring with open-ended monopole antenna for wireless local area network (WLAN) applications is proposed in this article. The proposed antenna consists of an open-ended circular ring and $50-{\Omega}$ microstrip feed-line. The proposed antenna is capable of generating two separate resonant modes with good impedance-matching conditions. A prototype of the proposed antenna is designed, fabricated, and measured. Acceptable agreement between the measurement and simulation results is achieved. Experimental results show that the proposed antenna has operating bandwidths of 1.99-3.04 GHz and 5.08-6.1 GHz with a return loss of less than -10 dB, covering the required bandwidths of the 2.4/5.2/5.8-GHz WLAN standards. This is a microstrip antenna for IEEE 802.11a/b wireless local area networks applications. Meanwhile, the two-dimensional (2D) radiation patterns and three-dimensional (3D) gain performance of the antenna are also observed and discussed.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.309-315
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• 2018

Currently, the commercialization of the $5^{th}$ Generation (5G) service is becoming more prevalent in domestic communication network technology. This has reduced communication delay time and enabled large-capacity data transmission and video streaming services in real-time. In order to keep pace with these developments, K-water has introduced a smart process control system in water purification plants to monitor the status of the water purification process. However, since wireless networks are based on the public Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, communication delay time remains high, and high-resolution video services are limited. This is because communication networks still have a closed structure due to expense and security issues. Therefore, with 5G in its current form, it is very difficult to accommodate future services without improving the infrastructure of its communication networks. In recognition of these problems, this study implemented the authentication and management function of wireless networks on a wired network management system in the K-water Bansong water purification plant. The results confirmed that wired Local Area Network (LAN) services give a higher security performance than an expensive commercial wireless LAN system. This was achieved by using an Internet Protocol (IP) address management system of wired networks and the packet filtering function of the Layer2 (L2) switch. This study also confirmed that it is possible to create a wireless LAN service that is 3.7 times faster than the existing LTE communication network.