• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.668-676
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• 2017

A two-dimensional numerical investigation is performed to study the influence of slot width of multi-stage stationary floating overtopping wave energy devices on overtopping flow rate and performance. The hydraulic efficiency based on captured crest energy of different device layouts is compared with that of single-stage device to determine the effect of the geometrical design. The results show optimal trends giving a huge increase in overtopping energy. Plots of efficiency versus the relative slot width show that, for multi-stage devices, the greatest hydraulic efficiency is achieved at an intermediate value of the variable within the parametric range considered, relative slot width of 0.15 and 0.2 depending on design layouts. Moreover, an application of adaptive slot width of multi-stage device is investigated. The numerical results show that the overall hydraulic efficiency of non-adaptive and adaptive slot devices are approximately on par. The effect of adaptive slot width on performance can be negligible.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.21-35
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• 1970

1. For the purpose of making the basic pattern construction 100 girls attending the Seoul National University College of Home Economics were measured in finding of body size and coefficient of correlation which would be used as one basis of this study. 2. Coefficient of correlation of each body part based on the breast width was shown as follows; Correlation coefficients of bust to waist and hip were high and those of bust to shoulder width, neck height, back width, and breast width were low. None of that was found between bust and back length. It was not recognized so scientific to adjust the basic pattern construction with figures proportioned by those of neck, shoulder width, breast width, and back width. 3. The method of basic pattern construction obtained by this research has been demonstrated in direct wearing since 1967. It is believed that the result will contribute a great benefit in teaching clothing as well as in mass production industry of ready-made garments.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.29 no.B
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• pp.47-56
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• 2009

University is very big scale among urban facilities as for single facilities and there is characteristic that accompany various university support functions in contiguity area. Width that have diverse spatial configuration generally our country university campus around was formed, this does function that connect university and ambit. Specially, formation enables change of spatial configuration that existent width system has if is new around university campus. Also, can form more animate and lively width spatial configuration by forming more various and complex width spatial configuration in width had formed in existing. It is that search special quality of university surrounding width spatial configuration analyzing existing width spatial configuration of Kangwon National University back gate by formation if this study is new in city and forecasts the change, and used space syntax by spatial configuration analysis method.

• KIEE International Transactions on Electrophysics and Applications
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• v.5C no.5
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• pp.183-190
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• 2005

In order to drive the high-density plasma displays, a high-speed driving technology must be researched. In this experiment, the relationship between the width of the address electrode and high-speed driving is analyzed using the Vt close curve and the panel structure for high-speed driving is proposed. In addition we show that the wider the width of the address electrode is, the narrower the width of the scan pulse becomes. Therefore, we could achieve the minimum data voltage of 50.1V at a scan pulse width of $1.0/{\mu}s$ and a ramp voltage of 210V at an address electrode width of $180/{\mu}m$ for the high-speed driving 4-inch test PDP.

• Laser Solutions
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.13-19
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• 2000

The stencil is a thin stainless sheet in which a pattern is formed, which is placed on a surface of plate to reproduce the pattern of electric circuit. Conventionally the stencil has been produced by etching process. This process has many anti-environmental factors. In this study, Nd : YAG laser cutting process has been applied for stencil manufacturing. The study is focused on estimating kerf width of laser cut stencil by E.B.P.(Error Back-Propagation). This algorithm is good for estimating target value from input value. In this paper, target value was kerf width, and input values were frequency, pulse width, cutting speed and laser power. E.B.P. after teaming input and target could estimate kerf width from some variables precisely.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.150-157
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• 1997

Uniform weld pool shape is important in determining the weld quality. And weld pool width is one of the most dominant factors of the seld pool shape. In order to control the weld pool width, the fuzzy logic controller, which is well adapted to the complicated nonlinear systems such as welding, was used in this study. The weld pool image was obtained through CCD camera, and the weld pool width was calculated by processing the image. Uaing the calculated width, welding speed, as a control input, was inferred by the fuzzy logic controller. An uniform weld pool width can be successfully obtained regardless of the disturbances in the system.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.219-233
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• 2023

Crack width is an important indicator to evaluate the health condition of the concrete structure. The crack width is measured by manual using crack width gauge commonly, which is time-consuming and laborious. In this paper, we have proposed a fast and simplified crack width quantification method via deep Q learning and geometric calculation. Firstly, the crack edge is extracted by using U-Net network and edge detection operator. Then, the intelligent decision of is made by the deep Q learning model. Further, the geometric calculation method based on endpoint and curvature extreme point detection is proposed. Finally, a case study is carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, achieving high precision in the real crack width quantification.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.32 no.2 s.91
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• pp.117-127
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to compare the arch width of the hyperdivergent group with that of the neutral group in Class III malocclusion based on the vertical patterns and to compare the arch width of Class III neutral group With that of normal occlusion group based on sagittal patterns. The subjects consisted of 118 pairs of studty casts, divided into three groups , 37 Class III hyperdivergent group(18 males and 19 females, SN-Mn plane angle>39.5$^{\circ}$), 40 Class III neutral group(20 males and 20 females, SN-Mn plane angle : 32 ${\pm}$ 2.5$^{\circ}$) and 41 Class I normal occlusion group(20 males and 21 females). The intercanine, interpremolar, and intermolar width of the maxillary and mandibular study casts were measured, then the ratios of dental width to basal width and mandibular width to maxillary width were obtained. Basal arch width and dental arch width were measured to obtain the pure basal arch relation in transverse plane as ruled out the transverse dental compensation. The results were as follows 1. There were no significant differences in any ratios between Class III hyperdivergent group and Class III neutral group as different vertical pattern. 2. As the ratios of dental arch width to basal arch width between normal occlusion group and Class III neutral group were compared, the maxillary teeth flared buccally to the basal bone, and the mandibular teeth tilted lingually to the basal bone in Class III neutral group. 3. The ratios of mandibular arch width to maxillary arch width in basal arch level were significantly different in all regions. Maxillary basal arch width of Class III neutral group was narrower than that of normal occlusion group. 4. The ratios of mandibular arch width to maxillary arch width in teeth level were not significantly different between normal occlusion group and Class III neutral group. In spite of discrepancies of maxillary and mandibular basal arch width, the dental arch width of Class III malocclusion group compensated very well. At the presurgical orthodontic treatment in clinic, it would not be desirable to decompensate for compensated dental arch width too much, for obtaining an appropriate arch compatibility and good results for orthognathic surgery.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.173-178
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• 2004

Purpose: To compare desimetrically intensity-modulated radiotherapy treatment plans with commercially available multileaf collimators (MLCs) of different leaf width for intracranial lesions. Materials and Methods: Twelve patients with intracranial lesions were treated with BrainLAB's micro-MLCs (mMLCs) and performed with the BrainSCAN ver. 5.2 planning software. They were replanned using the Varian 120 and 80 MLCs. These collimators have minimum leaf width of 3 mm, 5 mm and 10 mm at isocenter, respectively. PTV was $3.3~339.2\textrm{cm}^3$ and the number of beams was 3~7. These three plans were compared with respect to the uniformity and the conformity indices, doses to critical organ and normal tissue. Results: For the uniformity index of the planning target volume (PTV), there were no statistically significant differences between mMLCs and 120 MLCs (p=0.057) and between 120 MLCs and 80 MLCs (p=0.388). However, there was a difference between mMLCs and 80 MLCs (p<0.001). Maximum target dose to the PTV showed no dependency with respect to the leaf width. On the contrary, there were statistically significant differences in the conformity indices between mMLCs and 120 MLCs (p=0.003), between mMLCs and 80 MLCs (p=0.003) and between 120 MLCs and 80 MLCs (p=0.003). The volume of brainstem irradiated to $\geq$70% dose and to $\geq$50% dose was increased as the leaf width of MLCs increased. In particular, the volume of normal tissue irradiated is obviously changed for different leaf width. Volumetric increments for MLCs with leaf widths of 5 mm and 10 mm were 6.3% and 23.2% to the normal tissue irradiated to $\geq$50% dose, and 8.7% and 32.7% to the normal tissue irradiated to $\geq$70% dose, respectively, compared to the volume for MLCs with leaf width of 3 mm. Conclusions: The uniformity index and maximum target dose to the PTV showed no dependency with respect to leaf width of MLCs. However, the conformity index was improved as the leaf width decreased. For the sparing of normal brain tissue, treatment plans with MLCs of 3 mm leaf width is more effective, compared to ones with MLCs of 5 mm and 10 mm leaf widths.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.25-29
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• 1984

In order to investigate the predominant factors which determine penetration depth and bead width in electron beam welding, bead-on-plate welding was carried out using 7075-T6 Al alloy. The results obtained from the present experiments can be summarized as follows; 1) With increasing accelerating voltage, bead width (B.W) decreases but penetration increases remarkably. 2) Increasing beam current results in increase of bead width and penetration respectively, and decrease of the ratio of penetration increment to beam current increment. 3) With increasing welding speed penetration decreases remarkably, while bead width creases.