• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.419-424
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of lumbar stabilization exercise on the abdominal muscle-back muscle ratio in white-collar workers. Methods: Forty white-collar workers without any pain who worked at an information technology (IT) company located in the Gyeonggi province were included in this study. Of these, 20 subjects were randomly allocated to the lumbar stabilization exercise group, whereas the remaining 20 were randomly allocated to the control group. The lumbar stabilization exercise group performed a 40-minute-long exercise once a week for 8 weeks. The strength of the abdominal and back muscles was measured using the CENTAUR 3-D Spatial Rotation Device (BFMC, Germany). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 18.0 for Windows. The Paired t-test was performed to compare the values measured before and after exercise within each group. The independent sample t-test was performed to analyze the differences between the 2 groups. The statistical significance for all the analyses was set at .05. Results: The strength of the abdominal muscles after the exercise significantly differed between the lumbar stabilization exercise group and the control group (p<0.05). However, the increase in the abdominal muscle-back muscle ratio was significant in only the lumbar stabilization exercise group (p<0.05), but not in the control group (p>0.05). Conclusion: The improvement of the abdominal muscle-back muscle ratio through lumbar stabilization exercise may have positive effects on lumbar stabilization. Moreover, lumbar stabilization exercise is considered beneficial for the prevention of back pain and musculoskeletal diseases.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.160-168
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• 2002

Objectives : This study was intended to investigate the differences of job stressors between managers and low level employees among white-collar workers. Another objective of this study was to examine whether the effects of job stressors on mental health differ between the two groups. Methods : Data was obtained from 204 managers and 258 low level employees who were employed in white-collar jobs. Fourteen job stressors and seven job stress variables were measured. Results : Among the 14 job stressors, role overload, job insecurity, and work-family conflict were higher job stressors for the manager group whereas role conflict, work-aptitude incongruity, participation in decision making, and promotion problems were higher job stressors for the low level of employees. There were no differences in job stress scores between the two groups. However, differences in the effects of job stressors on job stress were found between the two groups. For the manager group, job insecurity, work-aptitude incongruity, and work-family conflict significantly affected in explanation of job stress whereas for the low level employees, role underload, peer satisfaction, and environmental problems significantly explaining the job stress variables. Conclusions : There were significant differences in job stressors between managers and low level employees among white-collar workers. Additionally there were differences in the effects of job stressors on job stress between the two groups.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.129-141
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• 1995

The Purpose of this study was to investigate the preference of fashion style, the clothing attitude and the preferred fashion style based on sex-role attitude. Sample.; in this study were 305 white collar adult male in Seoul, Korea. The stimuli consisted of 16 color photographs made by identical manipulations of 4 independent variables (jacket, pants, vest, neck-tie) consisting of two levels each (classic and fashion style). For analyzing data, frequency analysis, percent, mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, $X^2$ test, Duncan test, and Cronbach's u were used The results are as follows. 1. According to the preference analysis of the fashion style, white collar adult male prefer to wear clothing style than fashion in all clothing style, except for rolled-up pants. 2. According to the fashion interest (I) based on the preference analysis of the fashion style, the fashion oriented group had high fashion interest (I) in jacket, pants, and neck-tie. 3. According to the clothing attitude based on the preference analysis of the fashion style; for jacket, the fashion oriented group had high fashion interest, but had no relation with status symbols consciousness, clothing conformity, individuality; for vest, the fashion oriented group had high fashion interest (II) and individuality, but had no relation with status symbols 4. According to the clothing attitude based on the sex-role attitude, the group of masculine and feminine had high score in fashion interest (II), status symbols consciousness, and individuality

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.183-188
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• 2018

This paper examines career self-help advice in light of its influence on white-collar job searching in the US. After a brief overview of the white-collar labor market changes in the past few decades and the rise of the career self-help industry in America, it focuses on career self-help advice concerning a resume and networking that involves the use of information communication technology (ICT) through the review of career self-help manuals and other related literature. Finally, it looks at some of its major limits, especially the problem of presenting job searching in terms of individual efforts without regard to its structural aspects and its implications - individual responsibility for job searching and its outcomes - along with a suggestion for the type of help that can be offered to job seekers.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.250-259
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relation of Job Stress, Heart Rate Variability, Blood Pressure and Lifestyle on White-Collar Workers. Method: Data were collected from August to December in 2007. HRV was measured using Freeze-Framer. WSRI and Lifestyle data were collected from the self-reported questionnaire. Result: 1) Total score of WSRI was 32.88, H score was 47.92, L score was 16.90, systolic blood pressure was 138.88mmHg, diastolic blood pressure was 81.20 mmHg. 2) WSRI correlated with L score of HRV, BP, smoking, drinking positively. WSRI correlated with H score, exercise times negatively. H correlated with exercise positively and had negative correlation with BP and L. Systolic pressure correlated with smoking and drinking positively. Conclusion: WSRI, HRV, BP and lifestyle are interrelated strongly and they need to be monitor continually. It is considered that education of health and intervention with HRV make white-collar workers concern more about their health and care.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.305-313
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• 2013

Purpose: The study was done to identify factors influencing health promoting behaviour in office workers according to the type A/B personality. Methods: The data were collected by questionnaires from 249 workers in Seoul and Gyung-gi province. Measures were a health promoting behaviour, the type of personality, self-esteem, perceived health status, social support, and job stress. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients, t-test, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 15.0 version. Results: This study suggests that A type office workers have a little lower degree in health promoting behaviour, self-esteem, social support and have a higher degree in perceived health status, perceived symptoms and job stress than those of B type office workers. The factors which influence A type office workers on health promoting behaviour are social support, perceived health status and self-esteem, which accounted for 40.2% of the variance and those of B type office workers, self-esteem and perceived health status accounted for 24.5%. Conclusion: It needs to develop and operate self-management program for health maintenance and promotion for the type A/B personality White Collar Workers.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.93-104
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of work environment and low back pain on the structural and muscle strength changes in lumbar spine to helpful for preventation and cure of low back pain. Methods : Through measuring of lumbosacral angle, lumbar lordotic angle, lumbar gravity line ratio analyzed structure of lumbar spine and using Trunk Extension Flexion Program of CYBEX NORM System(cybex770+TMC, USA) analyzed Flex. PT, Ext. PT, E/F ratio of lumbar spine of company employees given a medical examination. Results : According to work environment, lumbar gravity line ratio is higher in white collar group than in blue collar group, Ext. PT is significantly lower in white collar group than in blue collar group. According to low back pain or not, lumbar gravity line ratio, Ext. PT is lower in low back pain group than in non-low back pain group. Conclusions : Work environment and low back pain effects on the structural and muscle strength changes in lumbar spine.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.35-62
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• 2001

Using panel data (KLIPS) we examine the relation between respondents' occupation and their fathers' occupation. We divide the urban employed into four subgroups according to their occupation: employer, self-employed, white collar worker and blue collar worker. We find that the effects of fathers' occupation on respondents' occupation are mediated by the level of respondents' education. The effects of respondents' initial occupation on their current occupation are also significant. In terms of the extent of mobility, we can rank the occupational groups as follows: employer, upper layer of self-employed, white collar worker, lower layer of self-employed and blue collar. In order to encourage occupational mobility, we should level the opportunity of education among different occupational groups.

• Plant Disease and Agriculture
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.119-121
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• 1999

A destructive collar rot of safflower occurred severely research farm of at Kyongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services in 1999. Incidence of the disease at 3 fields in Chinju was ranged from 21.6 to 34.2% Upper parts of infected stems were mostly blighted and white mycelia were found on the lesions. The same fungus was isolated consistently from the infected tissues and confirmed its pathogenecity to safflower. The causal fungus of collar rot disease was identified as Sclerotium rolfsii by the examination of colony type sclerotium formation and pathogenicity test. This fungus also causes stem rot crown rot wilt or blight on the safflower. This is the first report on the collar rot of safflower caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in Korea.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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• v.35
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• pp.1.1-1.11
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• 2023

Background: Although it is well known that the usage of visual display terminal (VDT) at the workplace causes computer vision syndrome (CVS), previous studies mainly focused on computer use and the health of white-collar workers. In this study, we explored the relationship between the usage of VDT including various devices, and symptoms related to CVS in a large population including pink-collar workers and blue-collar workers. Methods: 21,304 wage workers over the age of 20 years were analyzed from the 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey. To investigate the association between VDT use at work and symptoms related to CVS among wage workers, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by multivariate logistic regression models. Results: In the group with the highest VDT usage at work, the OR of headache/eyestrain was 2.16 (95% CI: 1.86-2.52). The OR of suspected CVS patients was significantly increased in the highest group of usage of VDT at work (OR: 1.69; 95% CI, 1.39-2.06). Compare with the reference group, the OR for headache/eyestrain in the highest group of VDT usage was 2.81 (95% CI: 2.13-3.70) in white-collar workers, 1.78 (95% CI: 1.32-2.40) in pink-collar workers, and 1.59 (95% CI: 1.18-2.15) in blue-collar workers. Conclusions: We observed a relationship in which the use of VDT in the workplace increases the risk of headache/eyestrain regardless of occupational classification. Our findings emphasize the importance of paying attention to the health of VDT workers and making plans to improve their working conditions.