• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.477-484
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• 2013

In 1999, Wetlands Conservation Act was enacted for the domestic implementation of the Ramsar Convention in Korea. According to the Act, wetlands have been managed by the Ministry of Environment and the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries(MOF). In the field of coastal wetland of which MOF is in charge, starting with the designation of Muan coastal wetlands as protected area in 2001, there are 12 wetland conservation areas up to $218.96km^2$. Even though there has been rapid growth of protected areas, it is time to give attention to the effective implementation of wetland conservation policies. This study aims to analyze institutional and operational problems related to wetland management and give some recommendations for the improvement of the wetland conservation policy and legal framework.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.151-156
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• 2013

Several soil properties were studied from three young created mitigation wetlands (<10 years old), which were hydrologically comparable in the Piedmont region of Virginia. The properties included soil organic matter (SOM), soil organic carbon (SOC), pH, gravimetric soil moisture, and bulk density ($D_b$). No significant differences were found in the soil properties between the wetlands, except SOM and SOC. SOM and SOC indicated a slight increase with wetland age; the increase was more evident with SOC. Only about a half of SOC variability found in the wetlands was explained by SOM ($R^2$ = 0.499, p < 0.05). The majority of the ratios of SOM to SOC for these silt-loam soils ranged from 2.0 to 3.5, which was higher than the 1.724 Van Bemmelen factor, commonly applied for the conversion of SOM into SOC in estimating the carbon storage or accumulation capacity of wetlands. The results may caution the use of the conversion factor, which may lead to an overestimation of carbon sequestration potentials of newly created wetlands. SOC, but not SOM, was also correlated to $D_b$, which indicates soil compaction typical of most created wetlands that might limit vegetation growth and biomass production, eventually affecting carbon accumulation in the created wetlands.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.28-38
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• 2005

The De-militarized Zone(DMZ) on the Korean Peninsula is ecologically conserved and naturally developed as access to the area has been controlled in the past five decades. As a result, biodiversity and wetlands are developed very well, but they have not been sufficiently surveyed due to land mines and security reasons. Focusing on the Kyongui Line area in Paju DMZ, this study aims at examining the status of forested wetlands in detail through an on-site survey and understanding the features of forested wetlands in DMZ. The forested wetlands of Paju Kyongui Line area are inhabited by naturally grown Salix koreensis Andress. and Acer ginnale Maxim. and affected by Sacheon Basin region extensively. As the topography of this region is created of inundated area and gentle ground, it is easily affected by hydrology and irrigation and has ideal conditions as forested wetlands. In addition, forest wetlands in this area were used as agricultural land in the past but now transformed into palustrine forested wetlands after being deserted for long time. However, as construction of roads and railways increasingly blocks water paths, the coverage of Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Amorpha fruticosa L. is on the rise, which indicates that forestedwetlands are gradually becoming inland over time.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.181-190
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• 2019

Constructed wetlands are improvised man-made systems, designed for adopting the principle of natural wetlands for purifying wastewater - the elixir of life. They are used widely as a cost-effective and energy-efficient solution for treating greywater generated from different tertiary treatment sources. It provides an elaborate platform for research activities in an attempt to recycle earth's natural resources. Among the several organic impurities removal mechanisms existing in constructed wetland systems, the earth's active microbial population plays a vital role. This review deals with the recent advancements in constructed wetland systems from a microbiological perspective to (effect/ devise/ formulate) chemical and physical treatment for water impurities. It focuses on microbial diversity studies in constructed wetlands, influence of wetland media on microbial diversity and wetland performance, role of specific microbes in water reuse, removal of trace elements, some heavy metals and antibiotics in constructed wetlands. The impurities removal processes in constructed wetlands is achieved by combined interactive systems such as selected plant species, nature of substrate used for microbial diversity and several biogeochemical effected reaction cycles in wetland systems. Therefore, the correlation studies that have been conducted by earlier researchers in microbial diversity in wetlands are addressed herewith.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.67-74
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• 2020

Despite its ecological importance of wetlands in our life, wetlands around cities and villages have been steadily disappearing. It is mainly due to either natural geological changes or man-made causes such as permitted land zone changes for the purpose to convert to agriculture land. This study aims to establish a comprehensive database of wetlands using GIS in a historic conservation city Gongju City. The systemic data management would enable to identify distribution of wetlands and their ecological attributes, and to estimate the conservation value of the wetlands. The data base will be able to use in strategic way to preserve the local ecological areas for local residents and tourists and manage the quality of wetlands in the historic and conservation city. For the purpose, it is suggested organising a wider network with not only local residents but local authorities and relevant stakeholders would be beneficial. This study also recommends that long-term strategic plan to preserve the existing wetlands. This study findings as a seminal case example can be used to apply to other geographical areas of the country and can contribute to create a national ecological nature map as well as evaluate the attributes and quality of natural ecosystem service of the region.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.26-34
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• 2023

Wetlands are very critical for the conservation of aquatic ecosystems, while also serving as the breeding/ nesting/ resting grounds for water birds. Generally, wetlands support both resident and migratory birds, thus serving as connecting dots in the global flyways. The Rajasthan state of India has two Ramsar sites (Keoladeo National Park and Sambhar Lake) and many other water bodies/wetlands. However, most of these areas are segregated in the eastern, southeastern, southern, and northern parts. In the western part of Rajasthan, where lies the Great Indian or Thar desert, there are no such reported prominent wetlands drawing attention towards a substantial number of resident and migratory water birds. The author is an Indian Forest Service officer, who was posted in the Thar Desert region and during that time had identified a hidden wetland in the desert landscape. This study deliberates on the wetland location and its faunal diversity with prospects of developing the area as a proper wetland conservation zone. India is a signatory to the Central Asian Flyway of migratory species and serves as an important member in terms of having significant wetlands and reported migratory birds count. The need of preserving and bring the arid zone's hidden wetlands to the forefront can serve as an important tool to conserve water birds and comply with worldwide bird migration conservation efforts.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.133-143
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• 2009

Recently, there have been a lot of studies for the value for wetlands with increased interest about wetlands. However, the value assessment for wetlands was usually conducted for 송 natural wetlands only, without consideration for Dam-wetlands. In this study, we assumed that a dam carried out a function of wetlands and defined such dams as Dam-wetlands. Choice Experiment(CE) was used in value assessment method. Study area of this study is Boryeong-dam. We performed questionnaire survey in six metropolitan cities and Boryeong city for the value assessment of Dam-wetland. The result of questionnaire survey was analyzed using a Conditional Logit(CL) and a Random Parameter Logic(RPL). Therefore, the total values of a Boryeong-dam is estimated as 72.8 billion-won when consider the wetlands of surrounding area.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.93-114
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• 2002

Legal regimes of major countries actively involved in wetland programs including USA, Japan, Germany, Netherlands, and Denmark, show that these leading nations have developed their own legal regimes and policies for the conservation and restoration of wetlands since early 1990s. The main feature of their position is to preserve, create and restore wetlands, including tidal flats. However, this approach, so called 'mitigation' policy, is thus far, not a fully established policy but an evolving one. For Korea, there are only a few laws and policies which hint at the importance of creating coastal wetlands as a conservation measure, however, most of those systems only exist as vague provisions which lack any tangible and compulsory implementing procedures and technical guidelines. It seems that it is necessary to strengthen the legal measures for conserving coastal wetlands in Korea including specifying economic assessment methods and funding sources for the creation, restoration and rehabilitation of tidal flats to firmly establish a national wetland mitigation policy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.497-500
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• 2001

Constructed wetlands are among the recently proven efficient technologies for wastewater treatment. Compared to conventional treatment systems, constructed wetlands are low cost, are easily operated and maintained. Constructed wetlands are particularly sensitive to Nonp oint source pollution(NPSP) because they function as pollutant sinks. The objectives of this study were to review the necessary contents of survey and design factors for constructing constructed wetlands and develop a modified DSS-WQMRA model for design of constructed wetlands. From the results of the case studies, in order to attain BOD target water quality, 0.27%(SF), 0.66%(FWS) wetland area of the total basin is needed.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.72
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• pp.47-52
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• 2006

JangJyoua wetland is the bow lake that was become through the change of river change. It is the river wetlands and the swamps-type III. The water in wetlands is in and out through the Imjin old river channel. The river wetlands has been classified by many scholar. But there are two conditions that JangJyoua is developed on the floodplains and is same the ground water table between JangJyoua and ImjinGang. So, JangJyoua is the swamps-type III.