• Archives of Obesity and Metabolism
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.83-88
• /
• 2022

Obesity increases the risk of developing metabolic diseases such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular diseases, as well as some cancers. To prevent the occurrence of these diseases and death, it is essential to manage obesity. Though there are several treatments for obesity, lifestyle interventions, such as diet and exercise, and drug therapy are most widely used in clinical practice. Among the anti-obesity drugs available, the weight loss effect of naltrexone/bupropion has been well-proven. We present a case study in which naltrexone/bupropion, a glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist, and a sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitor showed significant weight loss and improved metabolic parameters. Additionally, the management of type 2 diabetes and hypertension, which are common diseases in patients with obesity, was also included.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.241-253
• /
• 2013

Purpose: We performed an ethnographic analysis on health-related behavioral patterns of male college students enrolled in a weight-control program. Methods: The participants in this study were 12 obese male college students and one member of the health program staff. Data, collected through interviews and participatory observations during fieldwork, were analyzed using text analysis and taxonomic methods. Results: Patterns of health behavior were categorized into one of two types: the type with a willingness and motivation toward improving health (including a positive management of diseases and lifestyle) or the type concerned with social development and competence (including the application of strategic relationships and a self-conscious inclination toward appearance). Conclusion: The concepts of body and health in sociocultural contexts lead to weight-control practices. These results strongly indicate that providers of dieting programs for young adults need to understand the physical and psychological concerns of their students. Moreover, another implication from our results is that health-related interventions should be designed according to specific aspects of its participants.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2006

Recent advances in neonatal management have resulted in a dramatic increase in survival of very low birth weight infants. These critically ill infants, however, continue to pose significant challenges in management and ethics. There is little information on the outcome of the micropremie (birth weight less than 800 g) that require surgery. The records of 171 micropremies treated over a 15 year period (beginning in 1989) at Asan Medical Center was reviewed retrospectively. Forty-one (24.0 %) infants required surgical interventions by pediatric surgeons. There were 90 boys and 81 girls. The smallest infant, weighed 396g at birth, had esophageal atresia and died before surgery. The smallest survivor, birth weight 645 g, received anenterostomy for necrotizing enterocolitis at the weight of 590 g. The gestational age of the group rangedfrom 21 to 36 weeks. The most common surgical problem was inguinal hernia. There were 20 inguinal hernias, and repairs were performed on17 infants. Excluding 2 cases, hernia repair was performed at the time of discharge. There was only one recurrence of adirect inguinal hernia. Necrotizing enterocolitis developed in 17 patients, 11 were operated upon, two had peritoneal drainages, and 9 had enterostomies. Five of 11 surgical infants died after operation and three of the nonsurgical infants died of various complications. Although micropremies have potentially high risks of serious complications and death, the outcome can improve with careful surgical observation and judgment.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.18-28
• /
• 2021

Purpose: This study attempted to confirm whether the suicide prevention effect could be achieved by managing the frailty of the elderly in rural areas. Methods: This study is a single-group pre-post study design. The frailty management program was applied twice a week for 12 weeks for the vulnerable elderly in the rural area from 16th April to 31st May in 2020. The program consisted of physical exercise, health education on nutrition management and disease control, cognitive training, and protein drink provision. Results: The average age of the participants was 77.1 years, and they lived alone (88.6%). As a result of providing the program, there were positive results such as increase in body strength (pre 12.27: post 13.27) and weight (pre 58.51: post 59.13), and decrease in depression (pre 4.66: post 1.20), and there was no statistically significant change in quality of life, Time Up & Go, and BMI. Conclusion: Frailty should be managed to prevent suicide in the elderly. It is necessary to expand and apply various programs that combine physical functions and emotional interventions such as health education, and exercise to maintain muscle strength.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.122-131
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to assess the needs for nutrition programs in the public health centers by general characteristics and body mass index (BMI) of community residents. Information of general characteristics of study participants including age, education, income, marital status, residence, and job, and resident's interest in nutrition programs, the preferred educational methods and the willingness to participate in nutrition programs were collected by an interview. Weight and height were measured and were used to calculate the BMI. The program that resident's were most interested in was 'diet therapy for chronic disease and counseling' ($28.5\%$), followed by 'nutritional management for the elderly' ($21.1\%$), and 'obesity and weight control' ($17.1\%$). 'Education and counseling by nutrition professionals' was the most preferred educational method. Among the programs that the subjects would participate in, if they were offered in public health centers, $65.8\%$ subjects would participate in 'diet therapy for chronic disease and counseling' programs, $64.9\%$ would participate in 'nutritional management for the elderly' programs and $52.2\%$ would participate in 'obesity and weight control' programs. The contents of programs that the subjects were interested in, the preferred methods and their willingness to participate nutrition programs differed significantly by age, income, education, marital status, and body mass index. The results imply that the planning of nutrition interventions in the public health centers must be tailored and targeted group specific by taking the participants general characteristics and body mass index into consideration. This would surely increase the nutrition program's effectiveness

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.86-94
• /
• 2021

Objectives : The risk of weight gain is high when using antipsychotic drugs, and the prevalence of obesity in people with mental illness is high. Obesity management in psychiatric patients is important because obesity causes various complications and lowers treatment adherence and quality of life. Methods : In this review, we summarized the management strategies for obesity that can occur when using antipsychotic drugs through a web search. Results : Evaluate obesity-related risk factors and related indicators from the beginning of treatment, and conduct regular monitoring. If an antipsychotic drug is used and obesity is induced, a change to a drug with a low metabolic risk may be attempted. Sufficient interventions are also needed on the need to manage obesity, a healthy diet, and exercises in patients and their families. If weight loss is not achieved and obesity-related complications are associated, the use of anti-obesity drugs may be considered. Pharmacological treatment approaches should be carefully considered. Conclusions : Non-pharmacological and pharmacological therapies can be applied to manage weight gain and obesity caused by the use of antipsychotic drugs. When using anti-obesity drugs, the characteristics of mental disorders, drug safety, and drug interactions should be considered.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.16 no.5
• /
• pp.1759-1764
• /
• 2015

Purpose: To establish the concept of lung cancer hazard assessment theoretical models, evaluating the degree of lung cancer risk of Beijing for regional population lung cancer hazard assessment to provide a basis for technical support. Materials and Methods: ISO standards were used to classify stratified analysis for the entire population, life cycle, processes and socioeconomic management. Associated risk factors were evaluated as lung cancer hazard risk assessment first class indicators. Study design: Using the above materials, indicators were given the weight coefficients, building lung cancer risk assessment theoretical models. Regional data for Beijing were entered into the theoretical model to calculate the parameters of each indicator and evaluate the degree of local lung cancer risk. Results: Adopting the concept of lung cancer hazard assessment and theoretical models for regional populations, we established a lung cancer hazard risk assessment system, including 2 first indicators, 8 secondary indicators and 18 third indicators. All indicators were given weight coefficients and used as information sources. Score of hazard for lung cancer was 84.4 in Beijing. Conclusions: Comprehensively and systematically building a lung cancer risk assessment theoretical model for regional populations in conceivable, evaluating the degree of lung cancer risk of Beijing, providing technical support and scientific basis for interventions for prevention.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.91-101
• /
• 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify factors related to osteoporosis prevalence in postmenopausal women. Methods: This study was a secondary analysis research using data from the Eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VIII-1), 2019, which were downloaded from the KNHANES website. The subjects of this study were 1,791 postmenopausal women who participated in the KNHANES VIII-1, 2019. Data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS 21.0 program and complex sample design analysis was performed considering factors such as weight, cluster, and strata. Results: Osteoporosis prevalence of in postmenopausal women was 17.5%. Factors related to osteoporosis prevalence were age (65~74 years old, ≥75 years old), house income (low), household type (one-person household), postmenopausal period (10~19 years), drinking (non-drinking). Conclusion: Interventions for osteoporosis prevention and management in postmenopausal women need to focus on women less than 10 years after menopause and one-person household women. Furthermore, it is necessary to expand bone density testing for the early detection of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.1015-1021
• /
• 2014

This study aimed at summarizing published study findings on the diagnostic value of rectal bleeding (RB) and informing clinical practice, preventive interventions and future research areas. We searched Medline and Embase for studies published by September 13, 2013 examining the risk of colorectal cancer in patients with RB using highly inclusive algorithms. Data for sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and positive predictive value (PPV) of RB were extracted by two researchers and analyzed applying Meta-Disc (version 1.4) and Stata (version 11.0). Methodological quality of studies was assessed according to QUADAS. A total of 38 studies containing 5,626 colorectal cancer patients and 73,174 participants with RB were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.47 (95% CI: 0.45-0.48) and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.96-0.96) respectively. The overall PPVs ranged from 0.01 to 0.21 with a pooled value of 0.06 (95% CI: 0.05-0.08). Being over the age of 60 years, change in bowel habit, weight loss, anaemia, colorectal cancer among first-degree relatives and feeling of incomplete evacuation of rectum appeared to increase the predictive value of RB. Although RB greatly increases the probability of diagnosing colorectal cancer, it alone may not be sufficient for proposing further sophisticated investigations. However, given the high specificity, subjects without RB may be ruled out of further investigations. Future studies should focus on strategies using RB as an "alarm" symptom and finding additional indications to justify whether there is a need for further investigations.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.94-102
• /
• 2014

Diet attrition and failure of long term treatment are very frequent in obese patients. This study aimed to identify pre-treatment variables determining dropout and to customise the characteristics of those most likely to abandon the program before treatment, thus making it possible to modify the therapy to increase compliance. A total of 146 outpatients were consecutively enrolled; 73 patients followed a prescriptive diet while 73 followed a novel brief group Cognitive Behavioural Treatment (CBT) in addition to prescriptive diet. The two interventions lasted for six months. Anthropometric, demographic, psychological parameters and feeding behaviour were assessed, the last two with the Italian instrument VCAO Ansisa; than, a semi-structured interview was performed on motivation to lose weight. To identify the baseline dropout risk factors among these parameters, univariate and multivariate logistic models were used. Comparison of the results in the two different treatments showed a higher attrition rate in CBT group, despite no statistically significant difference between the two treatment arms (P = 0.127). Dropout patients did not differ significantly from those who did not dropout with regards to sex, age, Body Mass Index (BMI), history of cycling, education, work and marriage. Regardless of weight loss, the most important factor that determines the dropout appears to be a high level of stress revealed by General Health Questionnaire-28 items (GHQ-28) score within VCAO test. The identification of hindering factors during the assessment is fundamental to reduce the dropout risk. For subjects at risk, it would be useful to dedicate a stress management program before beginning a dietary restriction.