• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.19.1-19.6
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to estimate variance components and genetic parameters for growth curve parameters in Guilan sheep. Studied traits were parameters of Brody growth model which included A (asymptotic mature weight), B (initial animal weight) and K (maturation rate). The data set and pedigree information used in this study were obtained from the Agricultural Organization of Guilan province (Rasht, Iran) and comprised 8647 growth curve records of lambs from birth to 240 days of age during 1994 to 2014. Marginal posterior distributions of parameters and variance components were estimated using TM program. The Gibbs sampler was run 300000 rounds and the first 60000 rounds were discarded as a burn-in period. Posterior mean estimates of direct heritabilities for A, B and K were 0.39, 0.23 and 0.039, respectively. Estimates of direct genetic correlation between growth curve parameters were 0.57, 0.03 and -0.01 between A-B, A-K and B-K, respectively. Estimates of direct genetic trends for A, B and K were positive and their corresponding values were $0.014{\pm}0.003$ (P < 0.001), $0.0012{\pm}0.0009$ (P > 0.05) and $0.000002{\pm}0.0001$ (P > 0.05), respectively. Residual correlations between growth curve parameters varied form -0.52 (between A-K) to 0.48 (between A-B). Also, phenotypic correlations between growth curve parameters varied form -0.49 (between A-K) to 0.47 (between A-B). The results of this study indicated that improvement of growth curve parameters of Guilan sheep seems feasible in selection programs. It is worthwhile to develop a selection strategy to obtain an appropriate shape of growth curve through changing genetically the parameters of growth model.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.689-697
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• 2016

The most useful method for financial market risk management may be Value at Risk (VaR) which estimates the maximum loss amount statistically. The VaR is used as a risk measure for one industry. Many real cases estimate VaRs for many industries or nationwide industries; consequently, it is necessary to estimate the VaR for multivariate distributions when a specific portfolio is established. In this paper, the multivariate quantile vector is proposed to estimate VaR for multivariate distribution, and the Vector at Risk for multivariate space is defined based on the quantile vector. When a weight vector for a specific portfolio is given, one point among Vector at Risk could be found as the best VaR which is called as an alternative VaR. The alternative VaR proposed in this work is compared with the VaR of Morgan with bivariate and trivariate examples; in addition, some properties of the alternative VaR are also explored.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.92-98
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• 2019

In general, high strength and high performance fiber reinforced cement composites exclude coarse aggregates basically in order to have homogeneous distributions of material properties. However, these fiber-reinforced cement mortar without coarse aggregate have a tenancy that the modulus of elasticity is low and the unit weight of cement is high, resulting in low economic efficiency. Therefore, in this study, the development of high ductile fiber - reinforced concrete was conducted, which has the adequate level of coarse aggregate but still retains the high flexural toughness and strength and also has the crack - distributing performance. Experimental study was carried out by using the amount of coarse aggregate as an experimental parameter. The results showed that the best flexural toughness and crack dispersion characteristics was obtained when the coarse aggregate was added at 25% by weight of the fine aggregate to the typical mixtures of high ductile cement mortar. PVA fiber was effective in crack distribution and ductility enhancement, and steel fiber was effective in strengthening flexural strength rather than crack distribution.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.12-21
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• 2019

Objectives Coptidis Rhizoma and Glycyrrhiza Uralensis are herbs that treat obesity and dampness-phlegm. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of Coptidis Rhizoma and Glycyrrhiza Uralensis on lipid deposition with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods Male 6-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were divided into three groups: control group (Ctrl), high fat diet group (HFF), and high fat diet with Coptidis Rhizoma and Glycyrrhiza Uralensis extract administration group (CGT). Each 10 mice were allocated to each group (total of 30 mice). All mice were allowed to eat fat rich diet freely throughout the experiment. To examine the effect of Coptidis Rhizoma and Glycyrrhiza Uralensis, we observed weight changes, total cholesterol and glucose levels, lipid blot distributions, PGC-1, p-$I{\kappa}B$, and p-JNK. Results Body weights for all mice were measured and analyzed the difference between the groups. Weight gain was significantly lower in CGT group than the HFF group. Total cholesterol and glucose levels were significantly lower in CGT group. The distribution of lipid blots and positive reaction of PGC-1 were significantly lower in CGT group. The positive reaction of p-$I{\kappa}B$ in hepatic tissues was significantly lower in CGT group. The positive reaction of p-JNK in hepatic tissues was significantly lower in CGT group. Conclusions Coptidis Rhizoma and Glycyrrhiza Uralensis have the effect of improving non - alcoholic fatty liver induced insulin resistance through regulation of lipid metabolism.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.245-251
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• 1985

Distributions of seed weight were investigated with different seed sized peanut varieties planted at the same time, and germination and field emergence percentage, growth, and seed yield were compared among three seed sizes of four peanut genotypes. Field performance also was carried out to evaluate the effects of cotyledon removal on growth and yields in field with large and small seed-sized peanut varieties. The variation of seed weight of large seed-sized was wider than small seed-sized peanut variety. The larger seed showed the higher percent germination after 3 days cold treatment in laboratary and field emergence. The growth was not different with their sizes, while seed yield was related to seed size in small seed-sized genotypes. The growth of peanut such as main stem, internodes, and total branches was affected significantly by cotyledon removal, although the differences were not obvious after podding time, and in small seed-sized variety Oltangkong, the yields was decreased by cotyledon removal but not in large seed-sized variety.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 2023

The objective of this numerical study is to investigate the effect of the shape and material of the blower blade for the electrified speed sprayer on the blowing performance. The shape of the blade was changed to the bonding angle, the number of blades, the width of the blade, and the blade length based on the existing model. In order to obtain the reliability of the numerical model, the analysis of the grid dependence was performed in the numerical analysis. The numerical analysis results were compared and analyzed in terms of the agricultural chemical penetration length characteristics, flow uniformity characteristics, and velocity distribution characteristics. Furthermore, the effect of material change on weight reduction and structural characteristics was also compared and analyzed. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the optimal condition was that the blade angle was 45°, the number of blades was 12, and the width was 115 mm, which was confirmed through a comparison of the inlet mass flow rate. As a result of the equivalent stress lower than the yield strength due to the material change from aluminum to steel compared to the existing steel, structural defects do not appear, and it is judged that the operation time compared to the battery capacity will be improved through the weight reduction of the blade.

• Composites Research
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.207-212
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• 2013

In this study, the thickness optimization for uni-directional (UD) glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates of the spar cap of composite tidal blades was performed under the tip deflection constrains. The spar cap was composed of GFRP composites and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. The stress distributions in the blade as well as its material costs for the optimized results were additionally investigated. The optimized thickness was obtained by interacting a sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm and an ABAQUS software to calculate an objective function. It was confirmed that the thickness of UD GFRP increased with a decrease of the restrained tip deflection when a thickness of UD CFRP laminates was constrained to 9 mm. The weight of the optimized spar-cap increased up to 96.2% while the maximum longitudinal tensile stress decreased up to 24.6%. The thickness of UD GFRP laminates increased with a decrease of the thickness of UD CFRP laminates when the tip deflection was constrained to 126.83 mm. The weight increased up to 40.1%, but the material cost decreased up to 16.97%. Finally, the relationships among the weight, internal tensile stress, and material costs were presented based on the optimized thicknesses of the spar cap.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.667-679
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• 2022

Fatigue damage analysis of ships includes parameters considering operational factors. Due to these operational variables, there is a difference between the fatigue damage estimated during the design stage and the actual accumulated fatigue damage. Likewise, there are various loading conditions for the real container ships, but at design stage the fatigue damage is calculated by applying the representative loading conditions. Moreover, although the difference in fatigue damages is expected when the actual and design loading conditions are applied, there are few studies on the contributions of the fatigue damage based on the loading conditions of container ships. In this paper, fatigue contributions were investigated from various cargo weight distributions. The hull girder loads calculated through seakeeping analysis and fatigue damages obtained by performing spectral fatigue analysis were identified under new loading conditions. As a result, it was found that the variation of cargo weight distribution in the container ship brought about changes in the hull girder loads and fatigue damage by affecting the hull girder stress.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.163-171
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• 2004

Sequences of the large subunit ribosomal (LSD) rDNA D1-D2 region of Alexandrium catenella(=A. sp. cf. catenella) and A. tamarense isolates, which were collected along the Korea coasts, were analyzed to understand their phylogenetic relationships and geographical distributions. All A. catenella and A. tamarense isolates belonged to the A. tamarense/catenella/fundyense complex and were grouped with the North American and temperate Asian ribotypes, respectively, regardless of the presence or absence of a ventral pore in the first apical plate. A consistent and peculiar characteristic that differentiated the Alexandrium isolates was amplification of a second PCR product with a lower molecular weight in addition to the predicted one; ten A. catenella isolates belonging to the temperate Asian ribotype yielded this additional PCR product. Sequence alignment revealed that the shorter PCR product resulted from an unusual large deletion of 87 bp in the LSD rDNA D1 domain. The North American and temperate Asian ribotypes were prevalent along the Korean coasts without geographical separation. Given the high genetic homogeneity among widely distributed Alexandrium populations, each ribotype appeared to be pandemic rather than to constitute a distinct regional population.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.698-703
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• 2006

We investigated how the addition of polypeptides to instant fried noodle dough affects the dough properties, starch gelatinization, and textural properties of cup-type instant fried noodles. After comparing farinograph results of 100% wheat flour with 1% wheat flour substituted with gluten, there was a small difference in the mechanical dough properties. However, in the case of 1% wheat flour substituted with gluten peptides, the dough development time increased, dough stability decreased, and weakness increased. On the other hand, when gluten or gluten peptides were added, starch gelatinization did not change significantly. At the steaming stage, substitution with gluten peptides or soybean peptides markedly changed the molecular weight distributions of extractable polypeptides. Especially in the case of wheat flour substituted with 1% gluten peptides, the relative portion of low Mw extractable polypeptides (2.5-50 kDa) decreased more compared to a control. Also, the hardness and chewiness decreased in cooked cup-type instant fried noodles containing gluten peptides. This suggests that the addition of gluten peptides can reduce the rehydration time of cup-type instant fried noodles.