• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 1987

The purpose of this study is to clarify the effect of top dressing on the thatch losses in bentgrass (Agrostis palustris). Top dressing materials used were clay loam, sand, zeolite, and sawdust. Data were taken on July 10 ($T_1$), Aug. 7 (($T_2$ ) and Sept. 4 (($T_3$) respectively. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The dry weight of accumulated thatch was significantly different between treatments and dates of survery, and for the interaction of treatment x date of survey. 2. The dry weight of accumulated thatch showed a tendency to decrease as growth progressed in all treatments. (Table 1) The dry weight of accumulated thatch was the smallest at sand but the largest at clay loam in each date of survey. 3. The losses rate of accumulated thatch showed a tendency to slightly increase as affected by top dressing materials. (Table 2) Sand showed a significantly higher losses rate of accumulated thatch than that of other treatments. 4. The dry weight of accumulated thatch showed a significant negative correlation (p<0.01) with the losses rate of accumulated thatch. (Fig. 1) 5. Turf coverage was significant difference between treatments and dates of survey. 6. Turf coverage showed a tendency to increase as growth progressed in all treatments. (Table 3) 7. Turf coverage indicated significant negative correlation (p<0.001) with the dry weight of accumulated thatch. (Fig. 2)

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1604-1615
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• 1969

This experiment was carried out as one of the basic studies to improve the acid resistance of concrete and it was conducted to investigate some relations among physical properties such as basorption, ratio of water to cement, compressive strength, density and ratio of mix to weight losses of mortar when exposed to 0.1 N solution of hydrochrolic acid. The results obtained from the limited data secured so far in this experiment are summarized as follows: 1. The specimens used in the experiment were made of 5 cubic centimeters of mortar having such various ratios of mix by weight as 1 : 1, 1 : 3, 1 : 5, 1 : 7, 1 : 10. 2. Physical tests included compressive strengths at 7 days, 28 days, 3 months, and 6 month, and 5 hour boiling absorption test. 3. In acid test, every specimen was immersed into 0.1 N solution of hydrochrolic acid. The specimens exposed to the acid solution were weighed to determine the weight losses of the acid-corroded at one week interval for 7 weeks exposure, and the old acid solutions were also changed to fresh one when weighed the weight losses by acid attack at one week interval. 4. The correlative relations were found among physical properties and they are expressed by certain formulas as follows; i) Relation between ratio of mix and absorption Y = 1.036x + 13.53 where Y: absorption(%) X: ratio of mix ii) Relation between ratio of mix and ratio of water-cement Y = 0.204x + 0.214 where Y: ratio of water-cement. X: ratio of mix iii) Relation between ratio of water-cement and absorption Y = 5.01x + 12.53 where Y: absorption(%). X: ratio of water-cement iv) Relation between density and absorption Y = 50.6 - 0.0176X where Y: absorption(%). X: density($kg/m^3$) v) Relation between density and ratio of water cement Y = 7.2183 - 0.0033X where Y: ratio of water-cement . X: density($kg/m^3$) 5. After completing the acid exposure test the specimens were corroded and , the per cent ranges of weight losses varies from a minimum of 20.4 per cent at a 1 : 1 mix to a maximum of 92.0 per cent at a 1:10 mix 6. The correlative relations of physical properties of mortar to weight losses by acid attak were found and they are also expressed by certain formulas as follows: i) Relation between weight losses and ratio of mix Y = 8.59X + 8.63 where Y: weight losses(%), X: ratio of mix ii) Relation between wieght losses and absorption Y = 0.121x + 12.43 where Y: absorption(%). X: weight losses(%) iii) Relation between weight losses and ratio of w/c Y = 0.0226X + 0.07 where Y: ratio of w/c X: weight losses(%) iv) Relation between weight losses and compressive strength LogY = 3.6097 - 0.05058X + 0.00022$X^2$ where Y: compressive strength ($kg/cm^3$) X: weight losses(%) v) Relation between weight losses and density Y = 2153.1 - 6.62X where Y: density($kg/m^3$) X: weigh losses(%) 7. In order to make better acid resistant mortar, it could be concluded that a 1 : 3 mix or richer mixes, adequate mixing water to minnimize the ratio of water-cement considering the workability, 16 per cent or less absorption by 5 hour boiling water, 1,800 kilogram per cubic meter or denser density by absolute weight base and 200 kilogram per square meter or compressive strength at 20 day, etc are required so as to obtain acid-resistant mortar. In addition to the above, it might be recommonded to select the fine aggregate and to use better equipments such as a mechanical vibrator, a mechanical mixer etc. in concrete manufacturing works.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.94-101
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate weight changes in women during the period of TAC (docetaxel-doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide) chemotherapy after breast surgery and the differences in weight changes by disease characteristics among Korean women with breast cancer. Methods: The design of this study was retrospective survey research. The subjects of this study were 130 patients with fully completed TAC chemotherapy between January 2012 and April 2015. Body weight before their operation, and at 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 12 weeks, 15 weeks, and 18 weeks after surgery, as well as general and disease characteristics, were reviewed via their medical charts. Results: The mean age of the patients was 51.2 years. The preoperative (baseline) mean weight was $59.4{\pm}8.44$. Significant weight losses were observed in the initial (1st 3 week) period of TAC chemotherapy compared to the baseline and significant weight losses were observed with the exception of the period 6 weeks after breast surgery. There were significant differences in mean weight changes according to the stage of breast cancer, radiotherapy, and hormone therapy among disease characteristics. Conclusion: It is necessary to study weight changes after breast surgery for the long periods of TAC chemotherapy. Through the accumulated results of studies, nursing programs for breast cancer patients must be developed for the prevention of weight gain in the periods of TAC chemotherapy.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.143-151
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• 2004

High-speed permanent magnet machines are likely to be a key technology for electric drives and motion control systems for many applications, since they are conductive to high efficiency, high power density, small size and low weight. In high-speed machines, the permanent magnets are often contained within a retaining sleeve. However, the sleeve and the magnets are exposed to high order flux harmonics, which cause parasitic eddy current losses. Rotor losses of high-speed machines are of great importance especially in high-speed applications, because losses heat the rotor, which is often very compact construction and thereby difficult to cool. This causes a danger of demagnetization of the NdFeB permanent magnets. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the prediction of the rotor losses. This paper is concerned with the rotor losses in permanent magnet high-speed machines that are caused by permeance variation due to stator slotting. First, the flux harmonics are determined by double Fourier analysis of the normal flux density data over the rotor surface. And then, the rectilinear model was used to calculate rotor losses in permanent magnet machines. Finally, Poynting vector have been used to investigate the rotor eddy current losses of high-speed Permanent magnet machine.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.76-88
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• 1993

Maternal body weight, skinfold thickness and circumference measurements were examined in 23 lactating women and 10 nonlactating women longitudinally from 1 week to 12 weeks postpartum. The dietary intakes of Korean lactating and nonlactating women were measured by 24-hour recall method and effects of maternal energy intake on body weight change were analyzed by Pearson correlation. The mean daily energy intake of breast-feeding(BF, n=12), combination of breast and formula-feeding (CF, n=11), and formula-feeding (FF, n=10) mothers were 1941kcal, 187kcal and 1727kcal, respectively. A significant decrease in weight was observed at all group. Weight losses at 12 weeks of postpartum in BF, CF and FF motheres were 3.18kg, 3.91kg and 5.15kg respectively. Weight losses increased as calorie intake decreased (${\gamma}$2=0.3803, p<0.05). The skinfold thickness and circumferences on all regions were decreased significantly except triceps and upper arm circumferences. However, there were no significant differences between lactating and nonlactating women. Anthropometric measurements decreased at the trunk but not at the limbs. Weight change was significantly correlated with changes of the scores for proximal circumference (${\gamma}$2=0.4999, p<0.05). There results suggest that lactation does not promete weight loss in well-nourished women and that the Korean RDA for energy in lactation may be too high.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.177-182
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• 1990

A reproductive potential trial using randomized complete block design with $3{\times}3{\times}2$ factorial, was conducted on 84 Baluchi yearling ewes. Ewes grazed on rangeland dominated by Artemisia maritime and Holoxylon grifthii with or without flushing and supplementation of barley grain (BG) and cotton-seed-cake (CSC) during premating, late pregnancy and lactation of 90 days. Analysis of variance revealed that conception rate which ranged 64.28 to 85.71, was significantly greater (p<.05) in ewes flushed with CSC followed by ewes under BG or control feeding regimes. During the gestation period, liveweight of ewes changed from 31.24 to 21.2 kg. A loss of 32% of initial body weight was observed at lambing. Losses in live weight of ewes, regardless the supplementation, were uniform and non-significantly different. Live weight of ewes at lambing and weaning were also similar. Birth weight of lambs was significantly different at p<.05. Lambs born to larger ewes seemed to be heavier than lighter ones. Lambs suckling to ewes with losses in body weight during lactation gained more weight which was significantly different at p<.05. In the paper, factors affecting the conception rate, changes in liveweight of ewes during gestation and lactation and subsequently growth of lambs are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 1998

This study was conducted to obtain the basic information on the burley tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) curing methods. The effects of the three kinds of curing methods on the dry weight losses during curing, chemical contents and physical properties of cured leaves, and organoleptic and smoking qualities were observed. The dry weight losses during curing was the highest in the stalk curing, and the lowest in the conventional priming. The longer the curing periods was, the more the loss of dry weight. The percent of the excessive dried leaves was high and the price per kilogram was low in the conventional priming. The chemical contents and the physical properties of the cured leaves in the conventional priming were similar to those of yellowing or browning stage of curing. But, the chemical contents and the physical properties of the cured leaves in the stalk curing were comparable to those of the air curing. The smoking quality was the best in the stalk curing.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1798-1802
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• 1969

The experiment was carried out as one of the basic studies to improve the alkali-resistance of cement mortars and it was conducted to investigate some propetties of mortars relating to weight losses when exposed to 0.1 N salution of sodium hydroxide. The experiment and the results obtained are summarized as follow; 1. The specimens used in this experiment were made of 5 centi-meter cubes of mortar having such various ratios of mix by weight as 1 : 1, 1 : 3, 1 : 5, 1 : 7 and 1 : 10. 2. Physical tests included compressive strengths at 7 days, 28 days, 3 months, and 6 month, and 5 hour boiling absorption test. 3. In alkali test, every specimen was immersed into 0.1 N solutions of sodium hydroxide. The specimens exposed to the alkali solution were weighed to determine the weight losses of the alkail-corroded at one week interval for 7 week's exposure and the old alkali solutions were also changed to fresh solutions when weighed the weight losses by alkali attack at one week interval. 4. According to the alkail test after 7 week's exposure, no weight losses were observed on ratios of mix 1:1 and 1:3 and slight weight losses occurred on ratios of mix 1:5 and 1:7, but relatively large amount of weight losses were showed by 36.6 per-cent on ratios of mix 1:10. It was also found that the weight losses of the alkali-corroded were extremely lower than those of the acid-corroded at the some concentrations as 0.1 N of solutions. 5. In order to make better quality of alkali-resistant mortar it might recomend that a 1:7 mix or richemixes, use of small amount of mixing water for watertight, 20 per cent or less absorption by 5 hour boiling 1,600 kirogram per cubic meters or denser densities by absolute dry base are available for physical properties of mortar. It could conclude acid-resistant mortars were so high alkali-resistant, that it is expected to make and improve the acid-resistant mortars for getting rid of damages by alkali attack.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.77-81
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• 2001

The effects of dietary protein and lysine levels on lactating multiparous sows and litter performance were studied. Sixty-two crossbred multiparous sows ($Landrace{\times}Yorkshire$) were used. Thirty-three and twenty-nine sows were studied in their second parity and third parity respectively. The three dietary treatments were: (1) the control diet containing 15% CP and 0.75% lysine, (2) a diet containing 13% CP and 0.75% lysine (0.60% natural+0.15% synthetic), and (3) a diet containing 13% CP and 0.60% lysine. They were fed twice daily and allowed ad libitum access to food and water throughout a 28 day lactation from parturition until weaning. The results of this experiment showed that body weight and backfat losses of the sows from farrowing to weaning were significantly affected (p<0.01) by reducing dietary protein. Neither average daily feed intake nor weaning to estrus interval of sows were significantly different among treatments. Supplementing lower dietary protein with synthetic lysine could mitigate backfat losses, but could not prevent body weight losses in lactating multiparous sows. A corn-soybean meal diet containing 13% crude protein and 0.60% lysine did not significantly affect litter size and survival rate of weanling piglets compared with the 15% crude protein diet. There was a tendency towards decreased piglet weight at weaning (p<0.10) and reduced daily gain of piglets (p<0.11) when the multiparous sows were fed the 13% protein diet during lactation. We found a severe loss of body weight and backfat when reducing dietary protein for lactating multiparous sows.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.6-10
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• 1986

Fumigation of onion bulbs with Tetrachloroisophthalonitrile reduced weight loss by half of the control. The weight losses of the control onion bulbs stored at 80% RH were lower than those stored at 90% RH but no significantly different in case of fumigated onion bulbs. No rooting and sprouting to outside were detected during low temperature storage ($0^{\circ}C$) and $Q_{10}$ value of onion bulbs during storage was the range of 1.9-2.1. The weight losses of onion bulbs during storage were mainly due to decay rather than respiration, because there was positive correlation between weight loss and decay rate during storage period but not respiration ratio.