• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1404-1411
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• 1993

본 연구는 오스템퍼링 온도와 유지시간을 변화시켜 오스템퍼링 한 저합금구 상흑연주철을 실험재로 하여 증류수 및 NaCI수용액 중에서의 부식마멸특성 및 그 기구 를 규명하여 Tribology 설계에 대한 자료를 제시하는 것을 목적으로 하였다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2004

Wear behavior of self-mated stainless steels in NaCl solution has been investigated. The experiment was done in the corrosive liquid of which NaCl concentration of $0\~3\%$ and temperature of $15\~90^{\circ}C$. Two kinds of wear type were observed: one is 'severe wear' type which shows gradually increasing wear volume with increasing sliding distances, the other is 'mild wear' type which shows change of wear rate from high value to low at transition distance. The specific wear rate in severe wear type was not sensitive to the liquid temperature and concentration of NaCl but stable at value of $1\times10^{-3}\;mm^3$ approximately.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2019

본 연구는 로터리드럼커터에 적용된 두 종류의 코니컬 픽커터에 대한 현장시험을 통해 시험 전과 후의 육안조사와 중량감소 및 마모부피를 측정하여 코니컬 픽커터의 내구성을 비교 분석하였다. 육안조사를 통해 슬림 타입 코니컬 픽커터에서만 총 9개의 삽입재 손실이 나타남을 확인하였고 삽입재 보호를 위해 두부의 두께가 중요함을 알 수 있었다. 시험 전과 후의 픽커터의 중량손실과 마모부피는 헤비타입이 슬림타입에 비해 반이하로 작게 나타나 경암반에서 헤비타입이 더 유용함을 확인할 수 있었다. 픽커터의 마모손실을 판단할 때, 중량측정과 마모부피 측정결과의 상호 비교는 재료의 단위중량과 굴착에 의한 스폴링에 의해 차이가 나타날 수 있으므로 주의해야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.131-136
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• 2006

Cylinder bore wear may not be a problem in most current automotive engines. However, a small change in cylinder bore diameter can significantly affect the lubrication characteristics and ring axial motion. This in turn can cause to change inter-ring pressure, blow-by and oil consumption in an engine. Therefore, by predicting the wear of piston ring face, ring groove and cylinder bore altogether, the changed ring end gap and the changed volume of gas reservoir can be calculated. Then the excessive oil consumption can be predicted. Being based on the calculation of gas flow amount by the theory of piston ring dynamics and gas flow, and the calculation of oil film thickness and friction force by the analysis of piston ring lubrication, the calculation theory of oil amount through top ring gap into combustion chamber will be set. This is estimated as engine oil consumption. Furthermore, the wear theories of ring, groove and cylinder bore are included. Then the each amount of wear is to be obtained. The changed oil consumption caused by the new end gap and the new volume of oil reservoir around second land, can be calculated at some engine running interval. Meanwhile, the wear amount and oil consumption occurred during engine durability cycle are compared with the calculated values. Next, the calculated amount of oil consumption and wear are compared with the guideline of each pare0s wear and oil consumption. So, the timing of part repair and engine life cycle can be predicted in advance without performing engine durability test. The wear data of cylinder bore diameter are obtained from three engines before and after engine durability test. The calculated wear data of cylinder bore diameter are turn out to be twice of the lower bound of averaged test values at TDC and the lower bound at BDC.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2002년도 제35회 춘계학술대회
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• pp.73-79
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• 2002

상온 공기분위기에서 두 가지 형태의 스프링에 대한 연료봉 피복관의 마멸실험을 수행하였으며 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. (1) 가장 큰 마멸부피는 스프링 형상이 오목할 경우 틈이 존재할 때 발생하였으며, 형상이 볼록한 경우에는 접촉하중이 존재할 때 마멸부피가 크게 나타났다. (2) 접촉형상이 오목한 형태로 연료봉을 감싸고 있는 경우, 마멸입자의 방출은 다소 어렵게 되며 이에 따라 마열거동은 표면에서 생성되는 마멸입자가 외부로 방출되는 용이성에 따라 최종적으로 마멸부피는 결정된다. (3) 볼록한 형상의 스프링의 경우, 충격마모에 대하여 저항성을 보였으나, 접촉하중이 존재할 경우 높은 마멸량을 보이고 있다. (4) 오목한 형태의 스프링 조건에서 축 방향의 마멸보다는 횡 방향의 마멸량이 더 낮게 나타났다. 이것의 주된 원인은 오목한 형태의 스프링이 충격하중에 있어 가이드역할을 할 가능성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 양 방향 모두 마멸입자의 고착 흔적이 나타났으나 횡 방향의 경우 연삭에 의한 경향이 보다 뚜렷이 나타났다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.281-291
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• 2021

PURPOSE. To evaluate the wear of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) dental ceramic materials opposed by enamel as a function of increased chewing forces. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The enamel cusps of healthy human third molar teeth (n = 40) opposed by materials from CAD-CAM dental ceramic groups (n = 10), including Vita Enamic^® (ENA), a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN); GC Cerasmart^® (CERA), a resin nanoceramic; Celtra^® Duo (DUO), a zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) ceramic; and IPS e.max ZirCAD (ZIR), a polycrystalline zirconia, were exposed to chewing simulation (1,200,000 cycles; 120 N load; 1 Hz frequency; 0.7 mm lateral and 2 mm vertical motion). The wear of both enamel cusps and materials was quantified using a 3D laser scanner, and the wear mechanisms were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results were analysed using Welch ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis test (α = .05). RESULTS. ZIR showed lower volume loss (0.02 ± 0.01 mm³) than ENA, CERA and DUO (P = .001, P = .018 and P = .005, respectively). The wear of cusp/DUO [0.59 mm³ (0.50-1.63 mm³)] was higher than cusp/CERA [0.17 mm³ (0.04-0.41 mm³)] (P = .007). ZIR showed completely different wear mechanism in SEM. CONCLUSION. Composite structured materials such as PICN and ZLS ceramic exhibit more abrasive effect on opposing enamel due to their loss against wear, compared to uniform structured zirconia. The resin nano-ceramic causes the lowest enamel wear thanks to its flexible nano-ceramic microstructure. While zirconia appears to be an enamel-friendly material in wear volume loss, it can cause microstructural defects of enamel.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.321-328
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• 2003

In the present study, the residual stresses can have a significant on the life of structural engineering components. Residual stresses are created by the surface treatment such as shot peening or deep rolling. The objective of this experimental investigation is to study the influence of friction and wear characteristics due to residual stress under dry sliding condition. Friction and wear data were obtained with a specially designed tribometer. Test specimens were made of SUP9 (leaf spring material) after they were created residual stress by shot peening treatment. Residual stress profiles were measured at surface by means of the X­ray diffraction. Sliding tests were carried out different contact pressure and same sliding velocity 0.035 m/s (50 rpm). Leaf spring assembly test used to strain gauge sticked on leaf spring specimen in order to measure interleaf friction of leaf spring. Therefore, we were obtained hysteresis curve. As the residual stresses of surfaces increased, coefficient of friction and wear volume are decreased, but the residual stresses of surfaces are high, and consequently wear volume do not decreased. Coefficient of friction obtained from leaf spring assembly test is lower than that obtained from sliding test. From the results, structural engineering components reduce coefficient of friction and resistant wear in order to have residual stresses themselves.

• KSTLE International Journal
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• 제10권1_2호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2009

In this study, fretting wear tests of nuclear fuel rods have been performed by using two kinds of spacer grid springs with a concave and a convex shape in room temperature dry and distilled water conditions. The objectives were to examine the variation of the wear mechanism with increasing fretting cycles and to evaluate the difference of the wear debris detachment behavior at each test environment. From the test results, the wear volume of each spring condition increased with increasing fretting cycles regardless of the test environments. However, the wear rate did not show a regular tendency and apparently changed with increasing fretting cycles. This is because the formation of the wear particle layer and/or the variation of the contact condition between the fuel rod and spring surfaces could affect a critical plastic deformation for detaching the wear debris. Based on the test results, the relationship between the wear behavior of each spring shape and test environment condition, and the variation of the surface characteristics are discussed in detail.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.122-132
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• 2022

PURPOSE. This in-vitro analysis aimed to compare the intaglio trueness, the antagonist's wear volume loss, and fracture load of various single-unit zirconia prostheses fabricated by different manufacturing techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Zirconia crowns were prepared into four different groups (n = 14 per group) according to the manufacturing techniques and generations of the materials. The intaglio surface trueness (root-mean-square estimates, RMS) of the crown was measured at the marginal, axial, occlusal, and inner surface areas. Half of the specimens were artificially aged in the chewing simulator with 120,000 cycles, and the antagonist's volume loss after aging was calculated. The fracture load for each crown group was measured before and after hydrothermal aging. The intaglio trueness was evaluated with Welch's ANOVA and the antagonist's volume loss was assessed by the Kruskal-Wallis tests. The effects of manufacturing and aging on the fracture resistance of the tested zirconia crowns were determined by two-way ANOVA. RESULTS. The trueness analysis of the crown intaglio surfaces showed surface deviation (RMS) within 50 ㎛, regardless of the manufacturing methods (P = .053). After simulated mastication, no significant differences in the volume loss of the antagonists were observed among the zirconia groups (P = .946). The manufacturing methods and simulated chewing had statistically significant effects on the fracture resistance (P < .001). CONCLUSION. The intaglio surface trueness, fracture resistance, and antagonist's wear volume of the additively manufactured 3Y-TZP crown were clinically acceptable, as compared with those of the 4Y- or 5Y-PSZ crowns produced by subtractive milling.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.1274-1280
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• 2001

The fretting wear behavior of the contact between Zircaloy-4 tube and Inconel 600, which are used as the fuel rod cladding and grid, respectively, in PWR nuclear power plants was investigated in air. In the study, number of cycles, slip amplitude and normal load were selected as the main factors of fretting wear. The results indicated that wear increased with load, slip amplitude and number of cycles but was affected mainly by the slip amplitude. SEM micrographs revealed the characteristics of fretting wear features on the surface of the specimens such as stick, partial slip and gross slip which depended on the slip amplitude. It was found that fretting wear was caused by the crack generation along the stick-slip boundaries due to the accumulation of plastic flow at small slip amplitudes and by abrasive wear in the entire contact area at high slip amplitudes.