• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.105-130
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to assess the statistical methods errors used in the journal of Oriental Rehabilitation Medicine(JORM) and to identify the types of errors in statistical analysis. Methods : We reviewed quantitative articles that were published in the JORM from January 2005 through October 2009. Those were not used by statistical analysis such as literature studies, case study, review articles were not included in this analysis. A total of 296 articles was reviewed. We evaluated the adequacy and the validity of the statistical techniques with our checklist established be modified Lee's checklist, and three statistical evaluators assessed together to minimize bias. Results : Of the 222 articles, 213 were used in inferential and descriptive statistics. Of those 80% of articles adopting descriptive and inferential statistics were detected having statistical errors. One articles used 1.7 statistical method unit generally. Most frequently employed statistics were student t-test, one way ANOVA. pearson correlation analysis, Mann-whitney U test, paired t-test, and chi-square test in their order. However, most frequent statistics having errors were similar in order. The most common statistic errors were as follow: 1. absence of normality test, 2. misuse between paired test and unpaired test, 3. wrong choice of repeated measures analysis without consideration of time variables, 4, increase of Type I error by using inappropriate multiple test, 5. inappropriate application of discrete or categorical data instead of continuous data in correlation analysis, 6. poor consideration of basic consumption in chi-square test, 7. confusion between frequency comparison and average comparison, 8. mentioning the statistical technique without using it. Conclusions : We found various mistake or misuses in the applications of statistical methodologies in the articles published in the JORM. Careful consideration of statistical use and review from the specialist of statistics are warranted for improving the quality of JORM.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.98-107
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• 2011

This study was conducted via survey of 300 enrolled male and female high school students in the Chungnam area. The survey focused on students' dietary habits, changes in dietary habits based on the school lunch menu, and satisfaction of school lunches, in order to identify new methods for changing dietary habits and improving satisfaction of school lunches. Regarding the general characteristics of those surveyed, most were 17 years old, and of the same gender. Ninety-nine percent of those surveyed lived in farming areas, and the majority of students' parents graduated from high school and are self-employed. Research on dietary habits according to gender found that male students ate more regularly than did female students, with a difference of (p<0.001) between the two genders. Regarding the degree of which students ate only what they want, differences of (p<0.05) were found between the genders. The types of snacks frequently consumed were found to be flour-based snacks for the male students, whereas the females mostly consumed sweet foods and bread snacks. Research on satisfaction of school lunches according to gender also showed a difference of (p<0.5). Specifically, 48.7% of male students responded 'average', whereas only 45.3% of female students responded in the same way. The reason for dissatisfaction of school lunches were quality and nutrition for the male students (30%) and taste for the female students (60.4%), with a significant difference according to gender (p<0.05). Regarding the types of food most left over, both female and male students answered fish, bean curd, and soy products.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.145-179
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• 2006

The measurement of informatization program effectiveness continues to be a central concern of both academics and practitioners. However, most studies of it have been inclined too heavily toward testing validity and reliability of evaluation measure to strengthen the theoretical rigor. Drawbacks of this approach have been pointed out as being unsuitable for evaluating the effectiveness of informatization program due to lack of practical relevance. The paper comprises four sections to solve the problem. 1) Through literature review of theoretical conceptual models in IS effectiveness and the domestic and foreign cases on informatization program, we establish the evaluation framework which consists of evaluation phases, 6 evaluation areas, and 22 evaluation items, and developed evaluation measures of each items. 2) Different researchers have addressed different aspects of attribute of measure. With comparing them to each other, 3 mutually exclusive criteria on coincidence analysis(usability of measurement. reliability of measurement. and validity of content) are identified. 3) Data are gathered from respondents in informatizaiton program-related organizations such as policy agency, management agency, support agency, and recipient agency. 4) The degree of coincidence of each evaluation measure are analyzed by course of an coincidence analysis procedure, which includes the reliability test, arithmetical test, and criteria validity test. The academic implication of this study is that researchers can gain an insight into the coincidence analysis to approach the problem of deciding on an indicator of performance for informatization program. There is also practical implication for applying the potential means of improving the practical relevance of conducting evaluating the informatization program.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.14-31
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• 2016

Obesity of adolescents causes mental and physical problems as well as social problems, which need prevention and management. Although a number of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on obesity programs for adolescents were conducted, there is no study evaluating the programs based on CCM(Chronic Care Model), an organizing framework for improving chronic illness care. This study was conducted to review the features of studies in obesity management programs and interventions of the selected studies were evaluated in terms of inclusion of components of the Chronic Care Model. 4 databases were searched for relevant studies in obesity management programs, which were published from 1994 to 2014 in Korea. Results were analyzed in a qualitative way. 14 studies were satisfied inclusion criteria. The interventions most frequently utilized the elements of self-management support(66.7%) and only 1 of the studies included more than three components of CCM. This study presents the direction of health policies about managements of metabolic syndrome, which means that we identified effective process of the obesity management programs for adolescents in Korea and also this study will be used as a basic information for the development of obesity management program.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.667-672
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine classifying the level and accuracy of the meta-cognitive level of students and dental hygiene, and to understand the impact on the process of problem solving and accordingly, it is intended to provide a basis for learning strategies. Methods : A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 328 dental hygiene students in 3 colleges in Gyeonggi-do and Chungnam. Data were analyzed by the frequency analysis, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe's post-hoc test, Pearson's correlation coefficient using SPSS 12.0. Results : Meta-cognitive level of the subject was on average 4.43 points and problem solving level was lower at 2.82 points. Showed a significant difference in satisfaction with the major motives meta-cognitive level in accordance with the general characteristics of the subjects(p<0.05). Results of this study showed that no statistically significant differences in both the sub-areas of the level of problem solving according to the general characteristics of the subject(p>0.05). There was no correlation between the ability to solve problems and meta-cognitive level of the subjects(p>0.05). Conclusions : The finding of the study showed that meta-perception of dental hygiene students are lower the level of problem-solving that is compared to meta-cognition. It is suggested that development of a variety of learning methods for improving meta-cognitive thinking and problem-solving skills required in dental hygiene school curriculum.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.15-26
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the education status, knowledge, and perception of oral care among senior nursing students from Republic of Korea who completed all four curricular courses of Introduction to Nursing, Pediatric Nursing, Adult Nursing and Gerontological Nursing in order to provide basic data for effective oral care of inpatients. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted for 137 senior nursing students in the Seoul and Gangwon regions who were selected by convenience sampling. The questionnaire consisted of questions about the perception of oral care. A frequency analysis was conducted to analyze education status, perception, and general characteristics of participants. In addition, independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance were conducted to assess differences in the knowledge level according to the characteristics of the students. A p-value less than 0.05 was statistically significant. Results: The study results revealed that 63.5% of the respondents received education on oral care, with 67.8% of them receiving the education during their regular curriculum. Of the responders who said they received education, 41.4% said that education was not enough. Furthermore, the majority of respondents (56.9%) considered dental hygienists to be most suitable for the administration of oral care for inpatients. Conclusion: This study revealed nursing students' positive perceptions of the importance of oral care and dental hygienists'performance of oral care for inpatients. Consideration should be given to healthcare workers in various professions for improving oral health in inpatients, as well as for further study of oral care in the curriculum.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.112-119
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• 2015

The pulp mold attract the increasing concern as recyclable, biodegradable, and eco-friendly packaging materials. In order to broaden the applicability of the pulp mold as substitutes of the expanded styrofoam, the properties of various raw materials for the pulp mold were evaluated and the way for improving water resistance properties of the pulp mold were also tested by applying some additives. The higher value in the fines contents and in the water retention value were shown for the TMP (thermomechanical pulp), which resulted in the bulkier pulp mold with the higher moisture absorption property. In case of water resistance properties, the pulp mold made of white ledger stock showed the higher value in water contact angle and very slow water absorption rate. The addition of oil palm EFB fiber showed the improvement in the water resistance of the pulp mold made of UBKP. The effects of various additives on the improvement in the water resistance properties of the pulp mold were tested by using AKD, PVAm, epoxy resin. The application of AKD leaded to the higher increase in the water resistance. The results in this study showed the effects of AKD for the pulp mold could be improved and optimized by the application with fixing agent and by the ageing treatment after production.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.43-59
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• 2013

The most important thing in training of organization is that how effectively it can be made most of the performance among the staff. It will be useless if the knowledge which gaining after training can not be applied. Therefore the transfer of learning is studied since it is important for decision of training. We studied the factors of transfer of learning and carried out a survey targeting the public officials of Gangwon province with the factors we made a study. We define the factor of both promoted and interrupted in training and suggest the way of improving it. The first, the modeling of competency can stimulate the desire of achievement and complete a course of training among staff of organizations. The second, the construction of training program and organizational culture just for Gangwon province can increase the satisfaction of training among the learners. The third, the establishment of management system after training can reinforce the capability making use of train. The sharing of each information with boss at the office can help to stimulate the function of feedback after training as well.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.564-579
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• 2013

The purpose of Maritime Safety Tribunal is that experts about ship operation investigate and reveal causes of marine disasters and suggest plans to prevent recurrence in Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal which is a kind of administrative court. Despite the fact that 72% of marine disasters is fishing vessel accidents and 75% of collision accidents between vessels which most occur is related to fishing boats, it is the very serious problem that there is no any person with licenses of marine technicians for fishing vessels in judges and investigators of Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal. The operational characteristics of fishing vessels, their sizes, and shift patterns of duties in wheelhouses are completely and incommensurably different from those of merchant vessels. By the way, if the investigators and judges who just consist of merchant vessel experts investigate and judge marine accidents about fishing vessels, there could be errors in establishment of policies to investigate and reveal their causes and prevent recurrence of accidents. Especially, in case of collision accidents between fishing vessels and merchant vessels, it is thought that the marine accident interested provides causes which can be doubtful about fairness of judges. Therefore, it is thought that the ratio of judges and investigators is most desirable to compose it to be similar to the occurrence frequency of marine accidents. For this, the following solution plans are suggested. First, qualification for appointment requires first class marine technicians. But there is the only one vessel which needs the first class in fishing vessels. Therefore, it is thought that the provisory clause should be added so that the second class marine technicians can be used instead of the first class ones. Second, the marine accidents of fishing vessels reach 72% but the fact that there is no any judge and investigator with licenses of marine technicians for fishing vessels is thought to go against the purpose of establishment of Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal. Therefore, it is thought that there is, at least, one more judges and investigators in the central and local Korean Maritime Safety Tribunals. The same method should be applied to judge assistants and investigation assistants.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

Seismic retrofitting of existing buildings and design of earth-quake resistant buildings are important issues associated with earthquake-prone zones. Use of metallic-yielding dampers as an energy dissipation system is an acceptable method for controlling damages in structures and improving their seismic performance. In this study, the optimal distribution of dampers for reducing the seismic response of steel frames with multi-degrees freedom is presented utilizing the uniform distribution of deformations. This has been done in a way that, the final configuration of dampers in the frames lead to minimum weight while satisfying the performance criteria. It is shown that such a structure has an optimum seismic performance, in which the maximum structure capacity is used. Then the genetic algorithm which is an evolutionary optimization method is used for optimal arrangement of the steel dampers in the structure. In continuation for specifying the optimal accurate response, the local search algorithm based on the gradient concept has been selected. In this research the introduced optimization methods are used for optimal retrofitting in the moment-resisting frame with inelastic behavior and initial weakness in design. Ultimately the optimal configuration of dampers over the height of building specified and by comparing the results of the uniform deformation method with those of the genetic algorithm, the validity of the uniform deformation method in terms of accuracy, Time Speed Optimization and the simplicity of the theory have been proven.