• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.924-929
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• 2000

This paper addresses a new technique of measuring the mean flow velocity over the cross sectional area of the pipe using sound field reconstruction. When fluid flows in the pipe and two plane waves propagate oppositely through the medium, the flow velocity causes the change of wave number of the plane waves. The wave number of the positive going plane wave decreases and that of negative going one increases in comparison to static medium in the pipe. Theoretical backgrounds of this method are introduced in detail and the measurement of mean flow velocity using the sound field reconstruction is not affected by velocity profile upstream of microphones.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.405-414
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 세장형 파일의 국부세굴의 특성을 고찰하기 위하여 파랑과 정상흐름이 결합된 흐름장에서 실험을 수행하였다. 조파장치와 흐름 발생장치를 이용하여 파랑과 흐름의 방향이 일치하는 경우와 반대인 경우에 대해서 검토하였다. 관경, 주기, 파고, 흐름속도 등을 변화시켜 가면서 세장형 파일 주변의 국부 세굴심을 측정하였다. 실험결과 최대평형 세굴심은 관경, 주기, 파고, 흐름속도가 증가할수록 증가하였다. 실험결과를 통하여, Shields 수, Froude 수, KC 수, 수정 Ursell 수 및 유속비 등의 매개변수가 세굴심에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 단일 매개변수 중에서는 Froude 수가 파와 흐름이 결합된 경우 가는 파일 주변의 국부세굴을 일으키는 주요매개변수로 나타났다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.133-141
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• 2023

Based on the third-order shear deformation theory, the wave propagations in doubly curved spherical- and cylindrical- panels reinforced by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are firstly investigated in present work. The coupled equations of wave propagation for the carbon nanotubes reinforced composite (CNTRC) doubly curved panels are established. Then, combined with the harmonic balance method, the eigenvalue technique is adopted to simulate the velocity-wave number curves of the CNTRC doubly curved panels. In the end, numerical results are showed to discuss the effects of the impact of key parameters including the volume fraction, different shell types (including spherical (R₁=R₂=R) and cylindrical (R₁=R, R₂=→∞)), wave number as well as modal number on the sensitivity of elastic waves propagating in CNTRC doubly curved shells.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.95-98
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• 2003

When a shock wave discharges from an open end of a duct, an impulse wave is generated outside the duct, causing serious noise and vibration problems. The magnitude of the impulse wave can be reduced by installing of a perforated duct. In the current study, the characteristics of the impulse wave discharged from the exit of a perforated duct are numerically investigated. A TVD (total variation diminishing) scheme is used to solve the unsteady, axisymmetric, compressible Euler equations. In computations, the porosity of a perforated pipe $(\sigma)$ and the Mach number of incident shock wave $(M_s)$ are varied in the range of $\sigma=0\~19\%\;and\;M_s=1.01\~1.50$, respectively. The results show that the directivity and magnitude of impulse wave strongly depend upon the Mach number of incident shock wave and the porosity of the perforated pipe. The present CFD results are in close agreement with experimental results.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.544-549
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• 2003

When a shock wave arrives at an open end of tube, an impulse wave is discharged from the tube exit and causes serious noise and vibration problems. In the current study, the effect of the cross-sectional area of tube on the impulse wave is numerically investigated using a CFD method. The Harten-Yee's total variation diminishing(TVD) scheme is used to solve the axisymmetric, two-dimensional, unsteady, compressible Euler equations. With three different cross-sectional areas of tube, the Mach number of the incident shock wave $M_{s}$ is varied between 1.01 and 1.5. The results obtained show that the directivity and magnitude of impulse wave strongly depend upon the Mach number of incident shock wave and are influenced by the tube area. It is also known that the tube cross-sectional area significantly affects the magnitude of impulse wave at or near the tube axis.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.103-107
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• 2004

파활동경사라는 새로운 무차원 수를 도입하여 소파제의 중량 산정식을 개발하였다. van der Meer(1987)는 Iribarren 수를 도입하여 중량 산정식을 개발하였는데 조건에 따라 전혀 다른 분포경향을 보였다. 반면에 파활동경사를 도입한 산정식은 조건에 관계없이 동일한 분포경향을 보였으며, 비례상수를 Iribarren 수의 함수로 취하였을 때 매우 높은 정밀도를 갖는 경험식을 도출하였다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.448-455
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• 2000

The bow wave breaking and the viscous interaction of stern wave are studied by simulating the free-surface flows. The Navier-Stokes equation is solved by a finite difference method in which the body-fitted coordinate system, the wall function and the triple-grid system are invoked. After validation, the calculations are extended to turbulent flows. The wave elevation at the Reynolds number of $10^4$ is much less than that at $10^6$ although the Froude number is the same. The numerical appearance of the sub-breaking waves is qualitatively supported by experimental observation. They are also applied to study the stern flow of S-103 for which extensive experimental data are available. Although the interaction between separation and the stern wave generation are not yet clear, the effects of the bow wave on the development of the boundary layer flows are concluded to be significant.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.866-873
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• 2001

The governing partial differential equations of a helical spring with a circular section were derived from Frenet formulas and Timoshenko beam theory. These were solved to give the dispersion relationship between wave number and frequency along with wave form. Wave motions of helical springs are categorized by 4 regimes. In the first regime, the lower frequency area, the torsional and extensional waves of the spring are predominant and two waves are composite wave motions involving lateral motion of the coils and rotation of the coils about a horizontal axis. All waves are propagating in the second regime. The wave of the extensional motion of the spring and one wave of transverse motion of a wire change from travelling waves to near field waves in the third regime. Both waves excited by both axial and transverse motion are predominant in the fourth regime.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.300-311
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• 2008

두 벽면이 서로 다른 평균 온도와 일정한 위상 차이 하에서 작은 파동수의 정현적인 온도 분포를 갖는 시스템에서의 자연 대류를 조사한다. 벽면 온도 분포의 파동수 k=0.5이고 위상차는 ㄱ/2 이며, 고려하는 유체는 Pr =0.7인 공기이다. 작은 Rayleigh 수의 전도 영역에서는 한 주기에 걸쳐 약간 기울어진 형태의 두 개의 큰 셀이 형성된다. 그러나 Rayleigh 수가 증가하면 열적으로 불안정한 영역에서 여러 개의 셀이 형성되는 다수 셀 유동이 일어난다. 다수 셀 영역에서 과도기적인 기간에서는 일시적으로 공간적인 점대칭성이 깨어지기도 하지만 정상 상태의 유동장은 언제나 대칭성을 만족한다. 유동 형태의 천이가 일어나는 임계 Rayleigh 수 부근에서는 Nusselt 수가 급격하게 증가한다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.2283-2296
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• 1995

Experiments of normal shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction were conducted in a supersonic diffuser. The flow Mach number just upstream of the normal shock wave was in the range of 1.10 to 1.70 and Reynolds number based upon the turbulent boundary layer thickness was varied in the range of 2.2*10$^{[-994]}$ -4.4*10$^{[-994]}$ . The wall pressures in streamwise and spanwise directions were measured for two test cases, in which the turbulent boundary layer thickness incoming into the supersonic diffuser was changed. The results show that the interactions of normal shock wave with turbulent boundary layer in the supersonic diffuser can be divided into three patterns, i.e., transonic interaction, weak interaction and strong interaction, depending on Mach number. The weak interactions generate the post-shock expansion which its strength is strong as the Mach number increases and the strong interactions form the pseudo-shock waves. From the spanwise measurements of wall pressure, it is known that if the flow Mach number is low, the interacting flow fields essentially appear two-dimensional, but they have an apparent 3-dimensionality for the higher Mach numbers.