• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.411-417
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• 2014

Purpose: This study attempts to find the effects of water-based exercise performed on stroke patients in their physiological cost index and static and dynamic balance. Methods: The subjects were 30 stroke patients, who were randomly divided a water-based exercise group and a land-based exercise group, each with 15 patients. Both exercises ware performed 3 day per week, for 40 minutes a day, for a period of eight weeks. Results: The Water-based exercise group showed a decreased physiological cost index compared to the land-based exercise group, with the physiological cost index of the water-based exercise group decreasing, while the land-based exercise group, showing a significant decrease. Water-based exercise increased static and dynamic balance capacity better than land-based group, showing a significant difference and better efficiency of water-based exercise when compared to land-based exercise. Conclusion: From the result of the study, we found that water-based exercise is more effective in improving PCI and static and dynamic balance capacity. Through this study, training in water-based stroke patients could use cardiovascular endurance and buoyancy and the vortex, as an effective treatment that can enhance the growth and voluntary participation in the range of the patient's own movement the thought is, in consideration of the changes in the physiological cost index due to the difference in the ground and water, and should establish a training program that matches the purpose.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.369-374
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• 2015

Purpose: This study attempts to determine the effects of water-based exercise performed on stroke patients in their muscle activity of lower extremity and gait ability tests. Methods: The subjects were 20 stroke patients, who were randomly divided into a water-based exercise group and a land-based exercise group, each including 10 patients. Both exercises were performed 3 days per week, for 40 minutes a day, for a period of eight weeks. Results: The water-based exercise group showed a greater increase in muscle activity of lower extremity compared to the land-based exercise group. The water-based exercise group showed a greater increase in gait ability than the land-based group, showing a significant difference and better efficiency of water-based exercise when compared to land-based exercise. Conclusion: From the result of this study, we found that water-based exercises are more effective in improving muscle activity of lower extremity and gait ability. The patient is considered to be used by itself to involve the treatment and the risk of falling from the lowered state into the treatment method for the intensive treatment of stroke patients to be useful in improving the strength and ability to walk.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.2845-2850
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• 2013

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most frequent diseases in women today. Little information exists on modifiable lifestyle factors including effects of ginger supplements (as an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory herbal) and water-based exercise on biomarkers related to oxidative stress such as malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and adiponectin in obese women with breast cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the single and concomitant effect of 6-wks water-based exercise and oral ginger supplement on the aforesaid markers in obese women with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Forty women diagnosed with breast cancer ($48{\pm}5.4$ years, $76{\pm}9$ kg, fat mass $41.8{\pm}4%$), volunteered to participate in the study. Subjects were randomly assigned into four groups; placebo, water-based exercise, ginger supplement and water-based exercise+ginger supplement groups. Subjects in the ginger supplement group and the water-based exercise+ginger supplement group orally received 4 capsules (each capsule contained 750 mg), 7 days a week for 6 weeks. The water-based exercise program featured progressive increase in intensity and time, ranging from 50% to 75% of heart rate reserve, in a pool with 15 meters width, 4 times a week for 6 weeks. Fasting blood samples were collected at pre-test and post-test time points. Results: The ginger supplementation and or the water-base exercise resulted in an increase of adiponectin, NO and GPx and reduction MDA, as compared to pre-test values. However, the combined intervention (water-base exercise and ginger supplement) group showed significantly a far better effect on the biomarkers related to oxidative stress and adiponectin levels, as compared to the waterbase exercise or ginger supplement alone groups and the age-matched placebo group. Conclusions: Our results revealed that water-base exercise is a non-drug therapeutic strategy to reduce systemic stress in obese women suffering from breast cancer. Further, ginger supplementation alone or in combination with training, also play an important role in the pathogenesis of oxidative stress in obese women diagnosed with breast cancer.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2021

본 연구는 만성폐쇄성폐질환자에게 수중운동 중재의 효과를 파악하기 위해 체계적 문헌고찰 및 메타 분석하였다. 선정된 문헌은 2013부터 2018년 7월까지 8개 검색엔진(Cochrane central, EMbase, Cinahl, Pubmed, Riss4U, NDSL, DBPIA, Koreamed)으로 체계적으로 문헌 검색하였다. 2명의 연구자가 문헌을 선정하고, 질 평가하였다. 총 5개의 문헌이 선정되었으며, 문헌의 질 평가 결과가 우수하지 않았다. 또한 수중운동 중재와 일반적인 간호를 메타 분석한 결과 6분 보행거리, 삶의 질에서 효과가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 COPD 환자를 대상으로 수중 내에서 이뤄지는 다양한 형태의 운동 중재를 소개하여 프로그램 적용에 유용한 자료가 될 것으로 생각된다. 그러나 문헌의 수가 적어 일반화에 어려움이 있다.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2024

This study aimed to investigate the immediate physiological responses, including heart rate, blood pressure, and rate pressure product (RPP), following squat exercises performed at three water depths (ground, knee depth, waist depth) and two speed conditions (60bpm speed, Max speed). The participants consisted of 10 men in their 20s with over 6 months of resistance exercise experience. For the 60bpm speed squats, participants performed 30 repetitions in 1 minute at a rate of 2 seconds per repetition, while for Max speed squats, they performed at Max speed without a set limit on the number of repetitions for 1 minute. All experiments were conducted with a random assignment. The study results showed that immediately after the aquatic squat exercise, the average heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac load were higher in the order of knee depth, ground level, and waist depth at both 60bpm speed and Max Speed. At 60bpm speed, the heart rate was higher in the order of ground level, knee depth, and waist depth. Overall, exercise in an aquatic environment was considered to impose relatively lower physical burden compared to land-based exercise. Therefore, it is suggested that depending on individual fitness levels and exercise goals, appropriately combining aquatic exercise, which imposes lower immediate physiological burden, and land-based exercise may lead to safer and more effective exercise methods.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.187-192
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• 2008

본 연구는 수분 및 글리세를 섭취가 renin activity, 직장온도, 혈중 전해질 농도에 미치는 효과에 대하여 알아보기 위해 수분 섭취 그룹과 글리세롤 섭취 그룹으로 나누어 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. renin activity의 경우, 안정시와 비교하여 운동 후 40분에 수분 섭취 그룹과 글리세를 섭취 그룹에서 유의한 증가를 보였다(p<0.01). Osmolality의 경우, 수분 섭취 그룹에서 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 글리세를 섭취그룹에서는 안정 시와 비교하여 운동 후 40분에 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 직장온도의 경우, 수분 섭취 그룹과 글리세를 섭취 그룹 모두 운동 시간에 따라 점진적으로 증가하는 것을 볼 수 있었다. Na과 K의 경우, 수분 섭취 그룹에서 차이를 보이지 않았으나 글리세를 섭취 그룹에서 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). Ca과 Mg의 경우, 두 그룹 모두 그룹과 운동시기 간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다.

• 지질공학
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.415-421
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• 2020

최근 기후변화의 영향으로 가뭄 현상이 반복적으로 나타나고 있다. 정부에서는 가뭄 피해를 줄이기 위해 대응 방안을 마련하고, 가뭄 훈련을 실시하고 있다. 그러나 가뭄 훈련에 필요한 명확한 기준 및 관련 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 미국, 호주, 우리나라의 가뭄 관련 문헌 및 훈련사례를 분석하였다. 분석결과를 바탕으로 훈련사례가 많은 워크숍, 도상훈련, 기능훈련에 대한 훈련유형 선정시 고려사항을 제시하였으며, 가뭄 훈련을 위한 절차 및 단계별 고려사항을 제시하였다. 본 연구결과는 가상가뭄 훈련을 준비하는데 효과적으로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effects of water depth and speed on the activation of lower muscles during squat exercises, utilizing electromyography(EMG). It involved ten male participants in there. Participants performed 30 squats over a minute at a speed of 60bpm and maximum speed squats until exhaustion within a minute. The Integrated electromyography(iEMG) readings for the rectus femoris showed statistically significant differences due to water depth and speed, with a significant interaction effect between depth and speed during squat exercises. The iEMG readings for the biceps femoris also showed statistically significant differences, with a significant interaction effect between depth and speed during squat exercises. The iEMG readings for the gastrocnemius showed statistically significant differences according to water depth and speed. However, the interaction effect of water depth and speed during squat exercises did not show a statistically significant difference. In contrast, the iEMG readings for the tibialis anterior demonstrated statistically significant differences, with a statistically significant interaction effect during squats. These findings suggest that water depth and speed positively influence the activation patterns of lower muscles. Therefore, appropriately tailored aquatic exercises based on water depth for individuals with musculoskeletal discomfort, including the elderly or those with physical impairments, can effectively reduce physical strain and enhance balance, as well as physical and perceptual aspects. It is concluded that such exercises could provide a safer and more effective method of exercise compared to ground-based alternatives.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.740-756
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) according to aerobic exercise characteristics in adults with hypertension using a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: The related researches were selected from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus and 5 domestic databases up to September 4, 2019. To estimate the effect size, random effect models were used to derive weighted mean differences (WMD) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) of aerobic exercise on BP and HR. Results: A total of 37 RCTs with 1,813 samples were included. Aerobic exercise was found to significantly reduce systolic BP (WMD, - 8.29 mmHg; 95% CI, - 10.12 to - 6.46), diastolic BP (WMD, - 5.19 mmHg; 95% CI, - 6.24 to - 4.14) and HR (WMD, - 4.22 beats/min; 95% CI, - 5.36 to -3.09). In detail, systolic BP and diastolic BP were significantly decreased in all groups of exercise types, frequency and duration. Systolic BP and diastolic BP were significantly decreased in the moderate and vigorous-intensity group. Exercise characteristics with the most dramatical change in systolic BP were water-based training, moderate-intensity, 3 times a week and 8 to 11 weeks of duration. In diastolic BP, the greatest effect size was over 24 weeks of exercise. Conclusion: Moderate aerobic exercise, especially water-based exercise can be an important part of lifestyle modification for hypertensive patients. Also, it can be recommended in a variety of clinical settings for lowering BP and HR. However, there is insufficient evidence that low-intensity exercise is effective in lowering BP.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the training and detraining effects of a 8-week water exercise on lower extremities coordination during obstacle gait in the female elderly. Eight elderly participants (age: $76.58{\pm}4.97$ yrs, height: $148.88{\pm}7.19$ cm, body mass: $56.62{\pm}6.82$ kg, and leg length: $82.36{\pm}2.98$ cm), who stayed at the Seoul K welfare center, were recruited for this study. All participants had no history of orthopedic abnormality within the past 1 year and completed the aquatic exercise program which lasted for 8 weeks. To identify the training and detraining effect of 8 weeks of water exercise, a 3-D motion analysis with 7 infrared cameras and one force plate sampling frequency set at 100 Hz and 1,000 Hz, respectively, was performed. A two-way ANOVA was performed to find training and detraining effects among diferent obstacle heights. In this study significant level was set at .05. Significant training effects of LTS (lead foot thigh and shank) coordination in all obstacle height were found (p<.05). It is also found that the training effect of LTS remained 37%, 58%, and 25% in obstacle height of 30%, 40%, and 50%, respectively. Lead foot showed the greater detraining effect of coordination compared with trail foot, and SF (shank and foot) coordination revealed better detraining effects of coordination compare with TS (thigh and shank) in both feet. Based on the findings, a 8 week water exercise give an positive effects to the elderly in terms of segment cooperation which potentially helps reducing their accident falls. The magnitude of detraining may also help the elderly to find the retraining moment.