• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2003년도 기술심포지움 논문집
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• pp.278-281
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• 2003

A new type of ultrasonic spray nozzle was fabricated with piezoelectric devices. The spray nozzle was designed for the chemicals dispersion in the water purification bath. The piezoelectric properties in ultrasonic spray nozzles were optimized for the better dispersion of chemicals for purification process. Ultrasonic spray nozzle was packaged in metal case with silicone resin for the water proof application.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

This study was carried out to analyze the spray characteristics as a function of the operating parameters of urea injector used in Urea-SCR system of passenger diesel vehicle. Spray visualization and PDPA experiment were performed to analyze the macroscopic spray development and atomization performance of urea-water-solution. For the urea injector, the deformation of the spray head does not appear to be significant because it operates at a low pressure conditions, and the liquid core and primary droplet are observed throughout the operating conditions. No increase in atomization is seen when the operating pressure is increased, and the spray develops linearly due to poor atomization characteristics. The macroscopic spray behavior of the low-pressure urea injector is predictable through the modification of the Hiroyasu equation.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.2053-2065
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• 2003

The current trend in automotive finishing industry is to use more electrostatic rotating bell (ESRB) need space to their higher transfer efficiency. The flow physics related with the transfer efficiency is strongly influenced by operating parameters. In order to improve their high transfer efficiency without compromising the coating quality, a better understanding is necessary to the ESRB application of metallic basecoat painting for the automobile exterior. This paper presents the results from experimental investigation of the ESRB spray to apply water-borne painting. The visualization, the droplet size, and velocity measurements of the spray flow were conducted under the operating conditions such as liquid flow rate, shaping airflow rate, bell rotational speed, and electrostatic voltage setting. The optical techniques used in here were a microscopic and light sheet visualization by a copper vapor laser, and a phase Doppler particle analyzer (PDPA) system. Water was used as paint surrogate for simplicity. The results show that the bell rotating speed is the most important influencing parameter for atomization processes. Liquid flow rate and shaping airflow rate significantly influence the spray structure. Based on the microscopic visualization, the atomization process occurs in ligament breakup mode, which is one of three atomization modes in rotating atomizer. In the spray transport zone, droplets tend to distribute according to size with the larger drops on the outer periphery of spray. In addition, the results of present study provide detailed information on the paint spray structure and transfer processes.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.1236-1242
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• 2006

The local heat flux of spray cooling in the film boiling region were experimentally investigated for the spray region of $D_{max}$ = $0.005{\sim}0.03m^3/(m^2s)$. A twin-fluid full cone spray nozzle was employed for the experiment and the distributions of droplet flow rates were obtained for air-water full cone sprays. A stainless steel block was cooled down from initial temperature of about $800^{\circ}C$ by full cone spray. In the region near the stagnation point, it was found that the experimental data are in good agreement with the results predicted from the correlations between the local heat transfer and the local droplet flow rate proposed in the previous report. However, it was found that the experimental data of $D_r$ > $0.01m^3/(m^2s)$ are a little smaller than the results predicted from the correlations.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.88-92
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• 2005

The experiment of thermal performance about closed-wet cooling tower was conducted in this study. A closed cooling tower is a device similar to a general cooling tower, but with cooling tower replaced by a heat exchanger. The test section for this experiment has the process that the cooling water flows from the top of the heat exchanger to the bottom side in the inner part of the tube, and spray water flows in the gravitational direction in the outer side. Air comes in direct contact with the spray water at the outer side of the tube while passing from the lower the upper part having a counterflow to the spray water. The heat transfer pipe used in this experiment is a bare-type tube having an outer diameter of 15.88mm. The heat exchanger is consisted of seven rows and fifteen columns. In this experiment, thermal performance of the cooling tower is derived from overall heat transfer coefficients between the process fluid and sprayed water and volumetric overall mass transfer coefficient between sprayed water and air.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2015

Recently, Stirling engines are emerging as a key device for power conversion of renewable energy or waste energy. This study develops a LTDSE(Low Temperature Differential Stirling Engine) using a water spray for higher heat transfer and performs load performance tests for various flow rates and temperatures of hot water spray for variable engine loads emulated by a mechanical friction device. Internal temperature and pressure, working frequency and inlet and outlet temperature of the supply water are measured. As a result, the increases in flow rate and temperature of hot water respectively enhance the power output, efficiency and the working frequency, while the increasing engine load leads to decreases in working frequency but increases in the pressure amplitude. Eventually, it is revealed there exists a maximum shaft power of the test engine.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2008

본 연구는 수분무 소화설비의 효용성에 대한 기초평가를 수행할 목적으로 FDS 수치시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 화재강도(20MW, 50MW) 및 풍속의 변화에 따른 화재시 온도 및 연기농도에 대한 안전성 확보 효과를 분석하였다. 터널내 풍속이 없는 경우 수분무는 냉각효과에 의한 온도 및 연기농도 감소효과가 아주 우수하여 대피자의 안전성 확보에 효과적이었다. 화재강도가 커질수록 연기이동 억제효과는 감소한 결과를 나타났다. 또한 터널내 기류가 존재하는 경우에는 냉각효과에 의해서 연기의 성층화를 교란하며, 대피시 가시도를 저하시키는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 수분무 소화설비는 화재발생시 대피자가 대피한 후에 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.345-351
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• 2024

The unitized regenerative fuel cell (URFC) is a method that can reduce costs and increase system simplification by unitizing a fuel cell system and a water electrolysis system. The spray method is suitable as the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) manufacturing method for URFC because it is easy to control the amount of catalyst, the size of the system is small, and economical manufacturing is possible. In this study, a numerical analysis of the effect of solution concentration on the spray method was performed to use it as basic data for the spray method to be used in MEA manufacturing. As result, as the Nafion solution concentration decreases it was found that the spray speed and the mass flow rate and the discrete phase model concentration increases and the spray range widens.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.179-187
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• 1983

국내원자력 발전소중 고리 1호기 및 5,6호기의 LOCA 사고시 격납용기 살수용액과 썸프 용액의 pH값이 US NRC에서 요구하는 설계기준치를 만족하는가를 알아보기 위해 전산프로그램 “LOCAPH”를 개발하여 최대 pH경우와 최소 pH경우로 나누어 분석하였다. 고리 5,6호기의 경우, 썸프 용액의 pH는 설계기준(최소 8.5이상)을 잘 만족하고 있으며, 살수 용액의 pH는 설계기준(8.5에서 11.0사이)을 약간 벗어나고 있음을 볼 수 있었다. 그러나 고리 1호기의 경우를 보면 썸프 용액의 pH는 역시 설계기준을 잘 만족하고 있으나 살수 용액의 pH는 최대 pH 경우에 있어서 현재 설계에 반영되고 있는 설계기준을 상당히 벗어나고 있음을 알 수 있었다.(고리 1호기 설계시 살수 용액의 pH에 대한 설계 기준치는 없었음) 설계 기준을 만족시키기 위해 고리 1호기의 설계변수를 바꾸어가며 계산해 본 결과 격납용기 살수 용액의 공급원인 핵연료 재장전수 저장탱크(RWST)의 붕소 농도를 2750ppm에서 2850ppm 사이로 유지하거나, 격납용기 살수 용액에 첨가되는 NaOH의 유량을 10gpm에서 24gpm사이로 유지해야 함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2004

In case of a fire in road or railway tunnel it is always necessary to keep the escape condition as good as possible. Most of the victims of major fires in tunnels are because they couldn't leave the tunnel in time and were trapped by smoke, or rescue teams couldn't reach the place of the accident due to low visibility and high temperature. In spring 2003 a comprehensive field experiment was undertaken in a large scaled tunnel in Youngin City to test the effectiveness of a new water spray curtain system, designed to the air qualify inside of a tunnel in case of fire during passenger's escape to safe routes, In order to control the smoke propagation, fixed water sprayed nozzles were used to make water curtain system, which can be installed or hanging water piping line below ceiling. The experiment was accompanied by an extensive measurement campaign in order to measure temperature dropping effect and flow conditions as well as CO concentration for various water sprayed curtains produced by sprinkler heads or water spray nozzle. Eventually comparison analysis were undertaken to investigate the performance of water curtains under fixed water pressure. Therefore most effective water curtain system was presented on the basis of water droplet size in long tunnel.