• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.15-30
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• 2019

Changpo Lake was created as a part of a land reclamation for refugee self-helping projects. It shows characteristics of a fresh water lake, and still retains the early appearance of reclamation that surrounding regions have not been developed into farm lands. Shallow wetland has formed around the lake, which provides great conditions for diverse lives, and surrounding earthiness is favorable for growth of vegetation and restoration of the ecosystem. However, as facilities of the Muan International Airport nearby Changpo Lake are expanding and barns are being constructed, artificialness is gradually increasing. Particularly, since pollution sources such as sport facilities, farm lands and barns are scattered around Changpo Lake, pollutants are flowing in constantly. Accordingly, the results for setting up management areas according to the spatial characteristics and creating natural ecological spaces near Changpo Lake, Taebongcheon stream and Hakgyecheon stream are as follows. First, the creation of a natural eco-friendly waterfront space should be promoted by securing the health of the aquatic ecosystem and restoring species and the ecosystem. In addition, a consultative body needs to be formed to lead local residents to participating in river investigation and monitoring, maintenance, and management through role sharing. Second, the basic direction of the spatial management plan is to keep the unique charm of Changpo Lake, maintain harmony with nature, create diverse waterfront areas, and secure the continuity of Changpo Lake and inflow streams. Moreover, the area should be divided into three zones such as a conservation zone, a restoration zone and a waterfront zone, and for each zone, the preservation of vegetation, the creation of ecological wetlands and restoration of the ecotone and ecological nature need to be promoted. Third, facilities and activity programs for each space of Changpo Lake should be operated for efficient management of protected areas. In order to suit the status of each space, biological habitats, water purification spaces, experiential and learning spaces, and convenience and rest spaces should be organized and designated as research, monitoring, education, and tourism areas. Accordingly, points of interest should be set up within the corresponding area. In this study, there are many parts that need to be supplemented for immediate implementation since the detailed plans and project costs for the promotion of programs by area are not calculated. Therefore, it is necessary to make detailed project plans and consider related projects such as water quality, restoration of habitats, nature learning and observation, and experience of ecological environments based on the categories such as research, monitoring, education and tourism in the future.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.67-72
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• 2010

This study was conducted to examine the change of heating environment with the creation of an indoor water space. Living environments and comfort of dwellers can be improved by utilizing the physical properties of water effectively. This study focuses on the basic examination of the effect of water space and the environmental effects of water space by experiment. Two identical models were fabricated to compare the changes in indoor temperature and humidity with and without a water space. With the water space, temperature was reduced by an average of $0.55^{\circ}C$ a day and moisture content increased by an average of 4%. As a result, it was possible to obtain quantitative data on water space's temperature reduction and humidity control capacities. This study is expected to provide basic information for further studies on the effect of water spaces in various buildings.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.39-48
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• 2003

The Office of Korean National Railroads announced a design competition for Kwangyang Station and sought design proposals in October of 2002. The authors collaborated on a landscape design for Kwangyang Station and earned first prize in the competition. The Office decided to construct outdoor public spaces of Kwangyang Station for railroad users, visitors and staff, and local residents. The landscape design covers the following: site inventory and analysis; integration of design program and site analysis; evaluation of design concept; selecting a winning design alternative; schematic design including circulation form and spatial form; and design development including subarea design. In the design process, the authors focused on the integration and interpretation of site conditions as related to the Kwangyang Station building. They also collectively analyzed and considered the physical development of the outdoor spaces of Kwangyang Station. The following are some of the major areas in the design of the outdoor spaces of Kwangyang Station: 1) a plaza for waiting, 2) an entry area for passengers, 3) a train cafeteria, 4) a cultural plaza, 5) an image wall, and 6) a symbolic pond. The plaza for waiting is created as a place for users to wait and rest. The entry area for passengers provides an area for pedestrians approaching, passing and strolling. The train cafeteria features trains, lawns, grasses and trees. The cultural plaza is a main area representing the regional characteristics of Kwangyang. This plaza also provides an area for various public events. The image wall is meant to be an exhibition space for displaying the advancements of Korean National Railroads in sculptural image forms. The symbolic pond consists of an area with symbolic water features and several sculptures with artistic value. In the authors' design, the outdoor spaces of Kwangyang station are created as a new type of public realm with function, regional quality, original identity, cultural context, symbolic meaning and images, and beauty. The designed spaces would be one of the most representative places of interest and attraction in Kwangyang.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.8 no.1 s.15
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• pp.105-113
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• 2002

This investigation aims to provide basic data for rural village planning and rehabilitation planning. Public infrastructures of forty selected villages have been surveyed. Provision of facilities, user satisfaction, perceived problems, and conditions of maintenance have been surveyed for three classified types of infrastructures; 1) public utility spaces such as community hall, and parking lots, 2) public production infrastructures such as warehouses, and irrigation facilities, and 3) public infrastructures for living environments such as roads, water supply, and sewage system. All twenty smaller villages (ki-cho-ma-ul) had problems of poor conditions and insufficient spaces with community halls. Most of the smaller villages suffered from lack of public production infrastructures, or had problems of insufficient spaces and poor maintenance conditions. They also lacked good access roads with adequate right of ways. Only three villages were provided with sewage systems. In the twenty larger villages (myun-bo-ma-ul), though public utility spaces were provided for most of them (as an example, sixteen villages had welfare centers), they were not large enough and they were maintained in poor condition too. On the one hand twelve of the larger villages had farm machine service centers, only a few villages were equipped with warehouses. Many more public infrastructures for living environments were found in larger villages. However, only a few villages had pollution control facilities. Multidimensional scaling revealed groups of distinctive characteristics, in terms of public infrastructures, among smaller villages. It did not show any noticeable distinctions among larger villages.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 2012

This research studied the characteristics of the customer circulation in four department store food court restaurants located in Seoul. The characteristics of the customer circulation are the following: Before customers leave the dining space where they eat food, they come and go to spaces such as the water purifier space, the napkin storage, and the cup storage. On the other hand, they do not come and go from the dining space to the waste area or the area where used cups are returned. Therefore the spaces, that need to be located very near the dining space, are the water purifier space, the cup storage, and the napkin storage. The waste area does not have to be placed very near the dining area and the area where used cups are returned is not needed. A minority of customers drink water and use napkins after going to the waste area and the area where dirty dishes are kept. To prevent these customers from going against the circulation of the majority of customers, a water purifier space, a cup storage, and a napkin storage should be placed additionally connecting to the waste area and the area where dirty dishes are kept. For effective circulation plan and spatial composition of food court restaurants, these characteristics of customer circulation should be considered. It is not recommended to place the water purifier space, the napkin storage, and the cup storage, the waste area or the area where used cups are returned, and the hand cleansing facility in the same location just for the convenience of workers.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.33-39
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• 2018

In this study, important characteristics were identified for the Geosynthetic-soil interface using overburden pressure and saltwater and fresh water to evaluate silt shear behavior of the Geosynthetic-soil interface. In addition, waste landfill can secure spaces for waste disposal in the sea and this spaces can be used for additional facilities which will be necessary in the future. Analysis of behavior characteristics on interface of Geosynthetic-soil shows that, if analyzed using standard consolidometers, the consolidation stress of fresh water increased significantly more than saltwater. When analyzed using cyclic shear apparatus, saltwater and freshwater in both conditions, the displacement value increases as the wire gauges become closer to the lower module, and the shear fracture tends to occur radically under saltwater conditions than fresh water. Therefore, seawater, fresh water that act on the interface of geosynthetic-soil, and installation of facility using geosynthetic should be considered as important parameters that are essential for the dynamic design factor of the water controlling facility.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.218-227
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• 2022

This study attempted classification through deep learning-based image training for land cover classification in river spaces which is one of the important data for efficient river management. For this purpose, land cover classification analysis with the RGB image of the target section based on the category classification index of major land cover map was conducted by using the learning outcomes from the result of labeling. In addition, land cover classification of the river spaces was performed by unsupervised and supervised classification from Sentinel-2 satellite images provided in an open format, and this was compared with the results of deep learning-based image classification. As a result of the analysis, it showed more accurate prediction results compared to unsupervised classification results, and it presented significantly improved classification results in the case of high-resolution images. The result of this study showed the possibility of classifying water areas and wetlands in the river spaces, and if additional research is performed in the future, the deep learning based image train method for the land cover classification could be used for river management.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.162-168
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• 2005

A methodology for the objective evaluation of water repellency is studied using image analysis of the sprayed pattern on woven fabrics according to a standard spray test (AATCC Test Method 22-2001). The wet area ratio obtained from the spray standard test ranking is found to be exponentially related with its water repellency rating. Mean filtering is used to remove the effect of weave texture and the transmitted light through interyarn spaces. The ring frame of the instrument and wet region are recognized using Otsu thresholding technique. And Hough transform and outline operation are used to obtain the size and position of the ring frame. The objective assessment of the water repellency using image processing can reduce unnecessary confusion in the subjective determination of the water repellency.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.65-76
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• 2014

Green Infrastructure(GI) is suggested to recover urban water circulation system as a newly conceptual alternative methodology by Korean landscape field in recent years. In this context, the study considers the essential meaning of GI. The methodology of this study is literature review with 47 published papers which were peer-reviewed in international journals in the recent 5 years. These papers were collected from online database and academic archives. The main analysis targets are definition sentences about GI. The each sentences were interpreted by semantic structure between verbs and objects in the definition sentences. As the results, it figured out 5 aims('Provide', 'Improve', 'Produce', 'Conserve', 'Reduce'), 4 objects('Humanistic', 'Environmental', 'Ecological', 'Hydrological') and 3 spaces('Object space', 'Technically available spaces', 'Object or technically available spaces'). The '5 aims' connected with the elements of '4 objects' based on the '3 spaces'. The elements was connected to the '5 aims' via single form or 2~3 forms of the essential meaning networks of GI. The study provides 83 meaning networks to use landscape architecture planning and urban planning.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.167-168
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• 2010