• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.209-214
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• 2010

The Raman shift of water vapor is 3657 $cm^{-1}$, and this Raman signal can be easily separated from other Raman signals or elastic signals. However, it is difficult to make simultaneous Raman measurements on the three phases of water, namely, ice water, liquid water, and water vapor. This is because we must consider the overlap between their Raman spectra. Therefore, very few groups have attempted to make Raman simultaneous measurements even on two elements (water vapor and liquid water, or water vapor and ice water). We have made an effort to find three characteristic Raman wavelengths that correspond to the three phases of water after measuring full Raman spectra of water on particular days that are rainy, snowy or clear. Finally, we have found that the 401-nm, 404-nm, and 408-nm wavelengths are the most characteristic Raman wavelengths that are representative of the water phases when we are using the 355-nm laser wavelength for making measurements.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.621-627
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• 1999

This paper presents Raman scattering of liquid water to obtain the characteristics with variation of temperature. Very clear Stokes-Raman signals were observed, which shows H-O vibration stretching and H-O-H vibration bending. The obtained spectrum were processed by FFT filter to extract the noise and base. The spectral shape of the H-O stretching provided a various sensitive signature which allowed temperature to be determined by a curve-fitting technique. Those are Maximum Intensity, Maximum Wave Length, FWHM(Full Width at Half Maximum), PMCR(Polymer Monomer Concentration Ratio) and TSIR(Temperature Sensitive Intensity Ratio). TSIR method shows the highest accuracy of $0.1^{\circ}C$ in mean error and $0.32^{\circ}C$ In maximum error.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1247-1249
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• 2008

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.337-344
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• 1995

We have detected the resonant stimulated Raman scattering signal when the Q-switched Nd:YAG laser beam are incident on the $35~62{\mu}m$ sized water droplet as pump beam. The signals appeared as uniformly spaced peaks and the intervals between peaks become narrow as the droplet size increases. Also we have confirmed the morphology dependent resonances (MDR's) characteristic of the stimulated Raman scattering signal when the water droplet becomes nearly spherical shape after two water droplets are coupled to a droplet. The error in the measured intervals between MDR's of same mode order is about 5%.out 5%.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.557-564
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• 1996

The interaction between poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate)(poly(HEMA)) which is a material of contact lens containing approximately 45%o water and water soluble amino acids (alanine, arginine, glycine, lysine, methionine, proline, and serine) was investigated by using FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy. The results revealed that arginine and lysine had the strongest interaction with poly(HEMA) among amino acids. The interaction depended on the quantity of charges on ammo acids. They interacted predominately with hydroxyl groups in poly(HEMA).

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.12 no.S1
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• pp.49-51
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• 2003

Amorphous hydrous ruthenium oxide thin films have attracted much interest owing to the possibility of using this material in electrochemical supercapacitors. Recently, it was found that this material is also electrochromic: during the charging/discharging cycle, the optical transmittance of the thin film is modulated. The physical and chemical origin of this phenomenon is not fully understood yet. In this work, we performed in-situ Raman spectroscopy measurements on amorphous hydrous ruthenium oxide thin films during the charging/discharging cycles. Unambiguous changes in the Raman spectrum were observed as protons were injected or extracted from the thin film. When the samples were annealed to reduce the water content, there is a consistent trend in the Raman spectrum. The origins of the Raman features and their relation to the electrochromic and/or supercapacitor characteristics is discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.158-161
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• 2012

Raman Laser Radar system for the measurements of aerosol and water vapor concentration is developed. As a transmitting system, Nd:YAG laser with 3rd harmonic Generator and beam expander are used. The wavelength of transmitting laser is 355 nm. The receiving system is consists of 500 mm telescope, 3-channel Raman spectrometer, PMT, and signal processing module. The wavelengths of received signals are 355 nm. 387 nm, and 408 nm 이다. The measurable altitude of this system is about 3~4 km with spatial resolution of 100~200 m.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.266-270
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• 2022

Owing to the rising volume of seaborne trade, oil spills damage the marine environment for over 250 yearly. Thus, various analysis methods such as the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), Raman spectroscope, and gas chromatography are used to monitor oil spills at sea, but these methods are expensive. Recently, to reduce operational costs, an underwater fluorometer was adopted. However, this approach is not ideal for the remote sensing of oil spills because the device gets submerged in the sea. In this study, we have designed and developed a monitoring system that uses ultraviolet fluorescence to detect spilled oil or water from a distance, as well as proposed an analyzing method defining based on water Raman signal and QF535. Each fluorescence spectrum of water, oil (crude oil), and Bunker A was obtained using the system, and was calculated and analyzed from the spectrum individually. Based on the results of the analysis, we could successfully identity water and oil at a long distance.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2018

To measure atmospheric temperature, water vapor, and aerosol simultaneously, an efficient multi-function Raman lidar using an ultraviolet-wavelength laser has been developed. A high-performance spectroscopic box that utilizes multicavity interference filters, mounted sequentially at small angles of incidence, is used to separate the lidar return signals at different wavelengths, and to extract the signals with high efficiency. The external experiments are carried out for simultaneous detection of atmospheric temperature, water vapor, and aerosol extinction coefficient in Beijing, under clear and hazy weather conditions. The vertical profiles of temperature, water vapor, and aerosol extinction coefficient are analyzed. The results show that for an integration time of 5 min and laser energy of 200 mJ, the mean deviation between measurements obtained by lidar and radiosonde is small, and the overall trend is similar. The statistical temperature error for nighttime is below 1 K up to a height of 6.2 km under clear weather conditions, and up to a height of 2.5 km under slightly hazy weather conditions, with 5 min of observation time. An effective range for simultaneous detection of temperature and water vapor of up to 10 km is achieved. The temperature-inversion layer is found in the low troposphere. Continuous observations verify the reliability of Raman lidar to achieve real-time measurement of atmospheric parameters in the troposphere.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.283-290
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• 2011

A Raman LIDAR system has been designed and constructed for quantitative measurement of water vapor mixing ratio. The comparison with commercial microwave radiometer and global navigation satellite system(GNSS) was performed for the precipitable water vapor(PWV) profile and total PWV. The result shows that the total GNSS-PWV and LIDAR-PWV have good correlation with each other. But, there is small difference between the two methods because of maximum measurement height in LIDAR and the GNSS method. There are some significant differences between Raman and MWR when the water vapor concentration changes quickly near the boundary layer or at the edge of a cloud. Finally we have decided that MWR cannot detect spatial changes but LIDAR can measure spatial changes.