• 한국어류학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.7-14
• /
• 2009

강도다리의 수온과 체중에 따른 대사 반응을 조사하기 위해 절식한 자어(습중량, $1.5{\pm}0.4g$, 540마리)와 대형어 ($37.4{\pm}2.3g$, 90마리)를 대상으로 여섯 가지 수온(4, 7, 10, 13, 16 그리고 $19^{\circ}C$)에 따라 유수식 형태의 호흡실을 이용하여 24시간 동안 5분 간격(3반복)으로 산소 소비율(oxygen consumption rate, OCR)을 측정하였다. 수온과 체중 그리고 두 인자의 상호작용 모두가 강도다리의 산소 소비율에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다(p<0.001). 수온 상승에 따라 강도다리 자어와 치어의 산소 소비율은 모두 유의적으로 증가하였다(p<0.001). 수온 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 그리고 $19^{\circ}C$에서의 시간당 평균 산소 소비율은 자어의 경우 각각 1386.0, 1601.7, 1741.0, 1799.2, 2239.1 그리고 $2520.3mg\;O_2\;kg\;fish^{-1}\;h^{-1}$이었고, 치어의 경우 각각 83.8, 111.4, 126.3, 147.1, 187.7 그리고 $221.3mg\;O_2\;kg\;fish^{-1}\;h^{-1}$이었다. 실험 수온 조건에서 체중 증가에 따라 산소 소비율은 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.001). 강도다리의 산소 소비율에 미치는 수온(T)과 체중(W)의 상관관계는 OCR=1520.91+40.85T-49.22W ($r^2=0.95$, p<0.001)이었다. 대사 작용에 의한 에너지 손실은 수온 증가와 체중 감소에 따라 증가하였다(p<0.001). 수온 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 그리고 $19^{\circ}C$에서 일간 평균 에너지 손실은 자어의 경우 각각 907.9, 1046.5, 1141.6, 1177.0, 1467.3 그리고 $1650.1kJ\;kg\;fish^{-1}\;d^{-1}$이었고, 치어의 경우 각각 54.8, 73.0, 82.9, 96.2, 122.9 그리고 $144.6kJ\;kg\;fish^{-1}\;d^{-1}$이었다. $Q_{10}$ 값은 $4{\sim}7^{\circ}C$, $7{\sim}10^{\circ}C$, $10{\sim}13^{\circ}C$, $13{\sim}16^{\circ}C$ 그리고 $16{\sim}19^{\circ}C$ 구간에서 자어의 경우 각각 1.62, 1.32, 1.12, 2.07 그리고 1.48이었고, 치어의 경우 2.59, 1.52, 1.67, 2.25 그리고 1.73이었다.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.574-581
• /
• 2012

It is important to analyze the status of water quality with relation to the stream flow to attain water quality goal more effectively in the unit watersheds for the management of Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs). This study developed a flow duration-water quality distribution graph to figure out water quality appearances on the flow variation and analyzed contributions of water quality observations to the impaired water bodies quantitatively by hydrologic conditions. Factors relating to water quality variation can be analyzed more precisely and assessed on the base of quantified contributions. It is considered that this approach could be utilized to establish a more effective plan for the water quality improvement including the prioritization of pollution reduction options.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.433-452
• /
• 1997

Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) has been as an animal model for studing the neurological diseases such as stroke and epilepsy because of the congenital incompleteries in Willis circle, as well as the investigation of water metabolism because of the long time-survival in the condition of water-deprived desert condition, compared with other species animals. In order to accomplish the this research, first of all another divided the laboratory animals 5 groups of which each group include the 5 animals. In this study were investigated the histological structure in the kidney, measured the plasma osmolalities at the time of sacrifice of indivisual animals, and the body weights every day during water-deprived. The results obtained in this study were summarized as followings: 1. The body weights and decreasing rates of the body weight in water-deprived mongolian gerbil groups were continuosly decreased. 2. The plasma osmolalities were increased from the 5th water-deprived day, after then the gradually increasing reached nearly its equilibrium state at the 10th water-deprived day. 3. The urine volumes were abruptly decreased from the 2th water-deprived day, after then the gradually decreasing patterns were reached nearly its equilibrium state at the 10th day, and stopped the 11th day. 4. In the light microscopical observation of the kidney, glomerular capillary loop thickening, mesangial matrix increasing, sclerosis, glomerular cystic atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, tubular dilatation, mononuclear interstitial inflammation, interstitial mineralization, and hyperplasia of the collecting duct epithelium in the cortex area, were observed from the 10th water deprived day, and the lesions were gradually severe changed as the time lapse. 5. In the electron microscopical findings of the kidney, the degenerative changes of endothelial cell, podocyte and mesangial cell in glomeruli were initially observed on the 10th water-deprived day as well as the degeneration of microvilli and intracellular organelle in the renal tubules.

• 사상체질의학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.24-34
• /
• 2001

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the body shape of Sasang Constitutions by body composition and body measurement. Methods : This study was carried out 98 cases(68 males and 30 females)of Oriental Medical College at Kyunghee University. After determining the Sasang Constitutions(Soeumin, Soyangin, Taeumin) by QSCCII, the body shape of each group were analysed by body composition(INBODY 2.0, Biospace, seoul, korea) and body measurement. Results : 1) The result of Sasang Constitution analysis of 98 cases were classified as Soumin(52%), Soyang(24.5%), Taeumin(23.5%). 2) In the body composition and body measurement, there were significant difference from intercellular fluid, protein, mineral mass, weight, percent body fat, body water of left arm and BMI between Taeumin, Soyangin and Soumin. 3) In the body composition of male, Taeumin group showed that the arms were more developed than the legs and the upper trunk were more developed than the lower trunk. Soumin group showed the asymmetry of the right and left limbs. Soyang group showed the asymmetry of the right and left arms. In the body composition of female, Taeumin group showed the asymmetry of the right and left upper limbs. Conclusion : There are significant relationships between Sasang Constitutions, Body composition and BMI. The findings indicated here Body composition could be useful mean to make a diagnosis of the body shape, body type, physical constitution of Sasang constitutions.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.932-937
• /
• 2011

Main objectives of this paper were; firstly, to explain impacts of suspended solid in the water body on the relationship between water quantity and water quality; secondly, study on the inter-relationship between organic materials, nutrients, pathogens, and suspended solids considering eco-friendly water resources. Relationship between water quality and water quantity is not easy to understand as it includes physicochemical-biological reactions and diffuse pollutions. Especially, suspended solid makes water resource management difficult. Eroded soil in the upper land transported to the downstream by water flows carrying biological and physicochemical information and sedimented in the downstream. As sediment scoured under high flow condition and environmental change, suspended solid and sediment should be emphasized for understanding the inter-relationship between water quality and water quantity. Knowledge gaps between known monitored data and management of suspended solid were identified as well for future study.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.239-245
• /
• 2017

As a new technical approach, wave energy converter by using vertical motion of water in the multiple water chambers were developed to realize actual wave power generation as eco-environmental renewable energy. And practical use of wave energy converter was actually to require the following conditions: (1) setting up of the relevant device and its application to wave power generation in case that severe wave loading is avoided; (2) workability in installation and maintenance operations; (3) high energy conversion potential; and (4) low cost. In this system, neither the wall(s) of the chambers nor the energy conversion device(s) are exposed to the impulsive load due to water wave. Also since this system is profitable when set along the jetty or along a long floating body, installation and maintenance are done without difficulty and the cost is reduced. In this paper, we describe the system which consists of a float, a shaft connected with another shaft, a rack and pinion arrangement, a ratchet mechanism, and rotary type generator(s). Then, we present the dynamics model for evaluating the output electric power, and the results of numerical calculation including the effect of the phase shift of up/down motion of the water in the array of water chambers aligned along the direction of wave propagation.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.512-521
• /
• 2008

Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Sasang constitution and body composition of the two groups devided by chest PA. Method : This study was carried out on 60 students of Semyung University. The students were selected according to the aspect ratio of rt. lung from chest PA. They were divided into two groups(length group and width group) and administered QSCCII & body composition analysis. Result : The 30 students of the length group were classified as Soumin(15), Soyangin(9), and Taeumin(6). The 30 students of the width group were classified as Taeumin(20), Soyangin(9), and Soumin(1). In the width group, weight, total body water, amount of total body fat, muscles, viceral fat area(VFA), waist hip ratio(WHR), were significantly higher than in the length group. Conclusion : There were significant relationships between the shape of lung and constitution and body composition. These findings indicate that actual organ condition could be expressed in body shape.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제18권8호
• /
• pp.1952-1966
• /
• 1994

The body segment parameters of twelve young male Korean were measured to compare with the results of foreign cadaver studies. A human body was assumed to have fourteen body segments. The mass of each segment was measured with a water immersion test and the mass center of a segment was determined on the balance platform by changing postures. In the case of Korean, because of the difference in body proportion, the mass center of whole-body is located further from the distal end of head(Korean : 44.9% vs. Caucasian : 41.2%), and the mass center of each segment also located in different proportional locations. The existing regression equations, which can estimate segment mass based upon the anthropometric dimensions, estimates segment mass (the mass of shank) for Korean with 13% error. Therefore, it is not recommended to estimate the mass, and the moment of inertia of body segment of Korean based on the existing equations. However, the density information of body constituents was similar enough to apply it to Korean density. It was validated by the comparison between the results of the direct immersion method and 3-dimensional volume reconstruction of segment form the cross sectional images of CT-scan. The average body density measured form twelve subjects was $1.035{\;}kg/m^3$ and showed deceasing trendency.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.323-325
• /
• 1997

Ag-Os, water treatment agent, was administered orally to ICR mice and Sprague-Dawley rats to investigate the acute oral toxicity. $LD_{50}$ values were above 5 g/kg, 2,000 fold higher than the expected concentration in water, in both species with oral administration. There were also no differences in body weight changes, clinical signs and atopsy findings between all treated groups and control group. Therefore, it was concluded that Ag-Os is a very safe compound.

• 한국생물물리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국생물물리학회 1999년도 학술발표회 진행표 및 논문초록
• /
• pp.28-28
• /
• 1999

The movement of water across cell plasma membranes occurs in all cell types but is particularly rapid in erythrocytes, renal tubular cells. In principle, osmotic/oncotic gradients and hydrostatic pressure difference can drive water across a cell layer by transcellular or paracellular pathways. The aquaporin family of molecular water channels, which now number 10 in mammals and many more in plants and lower organism, are likely to provide a molecular pathway for water transport in some cell membranes.(omitted)