• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.441-468
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• 2003

This paper investigates the structural behavior of modular falsework system under sequential pattern loads. Based on the studies of 25 construction sites, the pattern load sequence modeling is defined as models R (rectangle), L and U. The study focuses on the system critical loads, regions of largest reaction forces, discrepancy between the pattern load and the uniform load, and the warning-system plan. The analysis results show that the critical loads of modular falsework systems with sequential pattern loads are very close to those with the uniform load used in design. The regions of largest reaction forces are smaller than those calculated by the uniform load. However, the regions of largest reaction forces of three models under sequential pattern loads can be considered as the crucial positions of warning-system based on the measured index of loading. The positions of the sensors for the warning-system for these three different models are not identical.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.472-474
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• 2001

공군에서 전투기 사고는 적은 비율이지만 계속적으로 발생한다. 이 시스템의 명세 목적은 사람이 결심하여 전투기에서 비상탈출 하는 것에 컴퓨터의 역할을 추가하여 조종사의 생존 가능성을 높이는데 있다. 사람은 모든 감각기관을 통하여 미래의 상황을 예견할 수 있는 능력이 있는 반면, 착각 등을 통하여 실수를 포함하는 행위를 할 수도 있고, 비상탈출을 결심하였다고 하더라도 전투기 기동이 매우 급변하여 반드시 비상탈출을 성공한다고 볼 수 없다. 그래서, 기존에 장치되어 있는 측정장치들을 이용하여, 비 정상적인 워치에 전투기가 위치했을 때는 Warning을 하고, 명백하게 비상탈출 하여야할 겅우가 발생했을 때는 자동으로 비상탈출을 실행하는 System을 명세하였다. AWES(Auto Warning/Ejection System)은 Safety-Critical System의 일종이라 할 수 있다. 그래서, 개발 초기 단계부터 정형기법(format methods)에 기반하여 개발되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 Reactiv system의 행위적인 면을 명세하는데 장점을 가지는 Statecharts를 이용하였으며, STATEMATE라는 도구로 AWES(Auto Warning/Ejection System)을 명세하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.373.4-373
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• 2001

• International Journal of Railway
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.149-156
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• 2008

During maintenance or construction works in or at the tracks of railways, high risks for passengers and railway staff, especially for the workers on the construction site exist. The high risks result out of the movement of rail vehicles, like trains or construction vehicles, which must be faced by using any available technical and operational technologies for securing them against the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the level of protection continuously and to identify new and innovative methods and technologies for the protection of the gang (construction worker, machines and material). Especially on construction sites at line sections with two or more parallel tracks but also with single tracks, there are still a lot of incidents and accidents mostly with seriously injured persons or fatalities. These were mainly gang members that breach the railway-loading gage. By using proper warning or protection systems, the avoidance of such accidents must be achieved. The latest developments. in gang protection systems concern on the one hand fixed barriers in the middle between the construction site and the operated track and on the other hand construction vehicles equipped with automatic warning systems. The disadvantage of such protection methods is that the gang can be warned against an approaching train but a monitoring of the gang members cannot be performed. Only one part of a potential dangerous situation will be detected. If the gang members will overhear the acoustic warning signal of the security staff and the workers will not leave the danger zone in the track, the driver of the approaching train had no chance to react to the dangerous situation. An accident is often inevitable. While the detection of acoustic warning signals by the gang members working on a construction site is very difficult, the acoustical planning of an automatic warning system has to be designed for an acoustic short range level of one meter besides the construction vehicle. The decision about the use of today's technical warning system (fixed systems, automatic warning systems, etc.) must be geared to the technical feasibility and the level of safety which is needed. Criteria for decision guidance to block a track should be developed by danger estimation and economical variables. To realize the actual jurisdiction and to minimize the hazards of railway operations by the use of construction vehicles near the tracks further developments are needed. This means, that the warning systems have to be enhanced to systems for protection, which monitor the realization of the warning signal as a precondition for giving a movement authority to a train. This method can protect against accidents caused by predictable wrongdoing. The actual state of the art technique of using a collective warning combined with additional security staff is no longer acceptable. Therefore, the Institute of Transportation System of the German Aerospace Center in Braunschweig (Germany) will develop a gang warning and protection system based upon imaging methods, with optical sensors such as video in visible and invisible ranges, radar, laser, and other. The advantage of such a system based on the possibility to monitor both the gang itself and the railway-loading gauge either of the parallel track or of the same track still in use. By monitoring both situations, the system will be able to generate a warning message for the approaching train, that there are obstacles in the track, so that the train can be stopped to prevent an accident. And also the gang workers will be warned, while they breach their area.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.656-659
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• 1997

In order to improve vehicle safety, collision warning systems have been proposed by many researchers. This paper presents several algorithms to determine the degree of real end collision by using fuzzy logic and neural networks. In order to provide realistic data for the algorithm design, a data collection system has been installed on a passenger car.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.15-21
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• 2018

In this paper, a detection and warning system is proposed for the remaining kids in a school bus. For detecting the remaining kids, an ultrasonic sensor is used. The basic experiments of the ultrasonic sensor are performed, and a modified ultrasonic sensor is proposed. Also, the appropriate location of the ultrasonic sensor is proposed by considering various sitting positions. Based on the above kid detection system, a warning algorithm is designed. Using the above detection and warning system, experiments are performed. From the experimental results, it is found that the proposed system, based on the modified ultrasonic sensor, can detect the remaining kids in a school bus. The proposed system can also give an appropriate warning signal.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.135-141
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• 2015

The objective of this study is to develop an early warning system for rainfall induced landslides. For this study, we suggested an analysis process using rainfall forecast data. 1) For a selected slope, safety factor with saturated depth was analyzed and safety factor threshold was established (warning FS threshold=1.3, alarm FS threshold=1.1). 2) If rainfall started, saturated depth and safety factor was calculated with rainfall forecast data, 3) And every hour after safety factor is compared with threshold, then warning or alarm can issued. In the future, we plan to make a early warning system combined with the in-situ inclinometer sensors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.939-943
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• 2004

The side and rear-side collision warning system using fuzzy control algorithms is discussed in this paper. Common rearside warning system has many problems. For example if target vehicle comes into the warning area, it must unconditionally warn. Drivers could be interrupted by it. To solve the problem, I divided measuring area into two sections. One section is blind area of vehicle and the other rear-side area. For blind area, obtained data was filtered inefficient warning signal by using relative velocity method. For rear-side area, a fuzzy logic algorithm is used to recognition of obstacles. According to our experiment relative velocity method and fuzzy logic algorithms were very efficient.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.24 no.2 s.191
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• pp.73-85
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• 2007

The rear lateral collision warning system using fuzzy control algorithms is discussed in this paper. Common rear lateral warning system has many problems. For example if target vehicle comes into the warning area, it must unconditionally warn. Drivers could be interrupted by it. To solve the problem, I divided measuring area into two sections. One section is blind area of vehicle and the other rear lateral area. For blind area, obtained data was filtered inefficient warning signal by using relative velocity method. For rear lateral area, a fuzzy logic algorithm is used to recognition of obstacles. According to our experiment relative velocity method and fuzzy logic algorithms were very efficient.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.221-227
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• 2021

An early warning system was developed to help identify stock status as early as possible. For performance to improve, there needs to be a feature to predict the amount of stock that must be provided and a feature to estimate when to buy goods. This research was conducted to improve the inventory early warning system and optimize the Reminder Block's performance in minimum stock settings. The models used in this study are the single exponential smoothing (SES) method for prediction and the economic order quantity (EOQ) model for determining the quantity. The research was conducted by analyzing the Reminder Block in the early warning system, identifying data needs, and implementing the SES and EOQ mathematical models into the Reminder Block. This research proposes a new Reminder Block that has been added to the SES and EOQ models. It is hoped that this study will help in obtaining accurate information about the time and quantity of repurchases for efficient inventory management.