• Title/Summary/Keyword: Warehouses

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Shoes from Pinet to the Present

  • June, Swann
    • Proceedings of the Korea Society of Costume Conference
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    • 2001.08a
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    • pp.11-13
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    • 2001
  • For those unfamiliar with the shoe world, Pinet (1817-1897) was a contemporary of Worth, the great Parisian couturier. So I look at the glamour shoes and the world of haute couture, and indeed the development of the named designer. That is a concept we are all familiar with now. So it is not easy to comprehend the lack of names for the exquisite work before 1850. Straightway I have to say that the number of noted shoe designers is far fewer than famous dress designers, but I will introduce you to some of them, against the background of contemporary shoe fashions. Franc;ois Pinet was born in the provinces (probably Touraine) in 1817, two years after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. His father, an ex-soldier, settled to shoemaking, a comparatively clean and quiet trade. It had a tradition of literacy, interest in politics, and was known as the gentle craft, which attracted intelligent people. We should presume father would be helped by the family. It was usual for a child to begin by the age of 5-6, tying knots, sweeping up, running errands and gradually learning the job. His mother died 1827, and father 1830 when he was 13, and at the time when exports of French shoes were flooding world markets. He went to live with a master shoemaker, was not well treated, and three years later set out on the tour-de- France. He worked with masters in Tours and Nantes, where he was received as Compagnon Cordonnier Bottier du Devoir as Tourangeau-Ia rose dAmour (a name to prove most appropriate). He went on to Bordeaux, where at 19 he became president of the local branch. In 1841 he went to Paris, and in 1848, revolution year, as delegate for his corporation, he managed to persuade them not to go on strike. By now the shoemakers either ran or worked for huge warehouses, and boots had replaced shoes as the main fashion. In 1855 Pinet at the age of 38 set up his own factory, as the first machines (for sewing just the uppers) were appearing. In 1863 he moved to new ateliers and shop at Rue ParadisPoissoniere 44, employing 120 people on the premises and 700 outworkers. The English Womans Domestic Magazine in 1867 records changes in the boots: the soles are now wider, so that it is no longer necessary to walk on the uppers. There is interest in eastern Europe, the Polonaise boots with rosette of cord and tassels and Bottines Hongroises withtwo rows of buttons, much ornamented. It comments on short dresses, and recommends that the chaussure should correspond to the rest of the toilet. This could already be seen in Pinets boots: tassels and superb flower embroidery on the higher bootleg, which he showed in the Paris Exposition that year. I think his more slender and elegant Pinet heel was also patented then or 1868. I found little evidence for colour-matching: an English fashion plate of 1860 shows emerald green boots with a violetcoloured dress.

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Analytical Method Development and Monitoring of Residual Solvents in Dietary Supplements (건강기능식품 중 잔류용매 분석법 개발 및 모니터링)

  • Lee, Hwa-Mi;Shin, Ji-Eun;Jang, Young-Mi;Kim, Hee-Yun;Kim, Mee-Hye
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.42 no.4
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    • pp.390-397
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    • 2010
  • Residual solvents in foods are defined as organic volatile chemicals used or produced in manufacturing of extracts or additives, or functional foods. The solvents are not completely eliminated by practical manufacturing techniques and they also may become contaminated by solvents from packing, transportation or storage in warehouses. Because residual solvents have no nutritional value but may be hazardous to human health, there is a need to remove them from the final products or reduce their amounts to below acceptable levels. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate an analytical method for the screening of residual solvents in health functional foods. Furthermore, the aim of this study was to constitute a reasonable management system based on the current state of the market and case studies of foreign countries. Eleven volatile solvents such as MeOH, EtOH, trichloroethylene and hexane were separated depending on their column properties, temp. and time using Gas Chromatography (GC). After determining the GC conditions, a sample preparation method using HSS (Head Space Sampling) was developed. From the results, a method for analyzing residual solvents in health functional foods was developed considering matrix effect and interference from the sample obtained from the solution of solvents-free health functional foods spiked with 11 standards solutions. Validation test using the developed GC/HSS/MS (Mass Spectrometry) method was followed by tests for precision, accuracy, recovery, linearity and adequate sensitivity. Finally, examination of 104 samples grouped in suits was performed by the developed HSS/GC/MS for screening the solvents. The 11 solvents were isolated from health functional foods based on vapor pressure difference, and followed by separation within 15 minutes in a single run. The limt of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), recovery and coefficient of variation (C.V.) of these compounds determined by the HSS/GC/MS were found to be 0.1 pg/mL, 0.1-125 pg/g, 51.0-104.6%, and less than 15%, respectively. Using the developed HSS/GC/MS method, residual solvent from 16 out of 104 health functional products were detected as a EtOH. This method therefore seems t o be a valuable extension ofanalytical method for the identification of residual solvents in health functional food.

A Study on Multi-Facilities Location Decision Model in Perspective of SCM (SCM관점의 복수시설물 입지결정모형에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Dae-Seok;Zhang, Tao
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.47-62
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    • 2008
  • Joining the WTO in 2001, China became a number of the global economic system. China succeeded in vying to host Beijing 2008 Olympic Games and World Expo 2010 Shanghai. It is China's honor and opportunity to have high economic growth in the coming future. In 2007, the total cost of public logistics decreased by 18.2% than 2006 to 4540.6 billion RMB, accounting for 18.4% of the GDP. So, China logistics is a huge industry and a growing market full of charm. The statistic ratios of China's logistics and growth trends show us it is an important issue to build and run an effective logistics system. However, research on China's logistics systems and supply chain is lacked. This study is focus on the logistic location strategy in China including the study of factories and warehouses geographic strategy concerned with SCM. The core of this study is to propose a New Multi-Facilities Location Decision Model. This study banded the revised gravity center, the standard single facility location decision model(Gravity Center Model) and the transportation model into a new Multi-Facilities Location Decision Model. In addition, this study suggested the gravity center of population, the gravity center of each industry, the location decision graded-list of each industry of china using the gravity center model and the revised gravity center model. The new Multi-Facilities Location Decision Model proposed in this study can be used to solve the location decision problem of more than two facilities. And it can be used in the fields such as the location decision of production facility and service facility, the location of distribution and logistics, the location of broadcast and satellite communications, the location of wireless communication tower and so on.

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Supervisor System Development for Improving Quality of RFID Cold Storage Management Systems (RFID 냉동창고 관리시스템의 품질향상을 위한 슈퍼바이저 시스템 개발)

  • Moon, Mi-Kyeong
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.109-117
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    • 2014
  • A cold storage is a warehouse of a insulated building with cooling installations. It has many different types of cold rooms with temperatures below 0 degrees Celsius, and the sequential workflow such as receiving, picking and packing runs in that rooms. Recently, the cold storages have adopted RFID technology, and consequently, warehouse product management in them are becoming intelligent and network. However, information inconsistency in warehouses caused by physical and logical errors reduces reliability in the RFID cold storage management system and worsens their work efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an early detection system to identify errors. In this paper, we suggest a supervisory system detecting logical errors on business processes of the RFID cold storage. It is composed of a master supervisor and mobile supervisor. In the master supervisor, the manager can set the constraints conditions and get alerts, and in the mobile supervisor, the workers confirm and deal with these faults directly. The supervisory system improve reliability of the RFID cold storage management system by recognizing a failure to identify physically and logically using these constraint conditions. This paper shows that the supervisory system can reduce the average recovery time to improve reliability by decreasing the time for detecting and analyzing errors in the RFID cold storage management system.

A Study on Safe use of Pesticides and Pesticidal Poisoning Among the Korean Farmers (농약안전사용(農藥安全使用) 및 중독경험(中毒經驗)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Yi, Taek-Ku
    • Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.13-24
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    • 1981
  • This study was conducted with 478 farm households located in Pyongtaek Gun of Gyonggi Do, Chongju City and Chongwon Gun of Chung Buk Do, and Hongchon Gun of Gangwon Do for the period of 10, September through 20, October 1980. It dealt with general features of the farmhouseholds, their practices of handling and using pescides, and relationship between safe use of pesticides and poisoning experiences. The results of the study are summarized as follows: 1. Of the total, 63.2% purchased pesticides mainly through the Agricultural Coops, and 95.4% transported them home separately from other goods. 2 Pesticides were sold contained mainly in glass bottles and paper bags. 3. Mixing of the respodents (87.5%) stored pesticides in sheds, warehouses and boxes. 4. Mixing containers and measuring tools were not used by the majority of the group studied. This indicates that there exist serious problems of safety and accuracy with regard to use of pesticides. 5. As to pesticide protective devices, gloves, respirators, goggles and boots were not used in general. Even in case of using them, their quality was not satisfactory. 6. Among the interviewees, 4.2% did not read pesticide label, 33.9% did not wash immediately when pesticide was spilled on the skin, 48.4% did not care the wind direction during pesticide application, and 17.0% did not wash hands when smoking a cigarette while pesticide is being handled. 7. Of the total, 40.4% were found to harvest vegetables within 10 days from the date of pesticide application, which indicates their unawareness of possible hazards by pesticide residues. 8. Empty pesticide containers or bags were not properly disposed of by majority of the respondents. Furthermore, impacts on the environment by the misuse or abuse of pesticides were not understood by 67.6% 9. Of the interviewees, 48.7% were found to have not received instructions on safe use of pesticides. 10. The rate of pesticidal poisoning experience was about 28.0% if minor symptoms excluded, and it rose to about 44.0% if included. Meanwhile, the rate of pesticidal poisoning tends to increase with the size of farm. 11. The study failed to show a statistically significant relationship between the rate of pesticidal poisoning and use of mixing container and/or measuring tools. However, use of gloves showed a statistical significance on the rate of pesticidal poisoning. 12. Among the poisoned cases, 19.0% were cared for in either hospitals or clinics.

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Drying Shrinkage Characteristics of the Concrete Incorporated Shrinkage Reducing Agent According to Mixed Proportion of Concrete (콘크리트 배합조건에 따른 수축저감제의 건조수축 특성)

  • Kim, Young-Sun;Kim, Kwang-Ki;Park, Soon-Jeon;Kim, Jung-Sun
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.245-252
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    • 2017
  • Recently, structures such as large retailers, outlets and warehouses have been increasing in accordance with changes in consumption patterns. Since these structures include ultra-flat slab members, they are thoroughly managed to control slab cracking by the plastic and drying shrinkage. In order to control the cracking of the slab member, a chemical crack reduction method is used. In particular, the use of the shrinkage reducing agent has been examined. However, domestic research results are limited. In this study, the shrinkage properties of concrete using shrinkage reducing agent and the drying shrinkage properties according to the mixing factors were investigated. The performance of domestic shrinkage reducing agent was appeared similar to that of overseas high-grade shrinkage reducing agent. As the shrinkage reducing agent usage increased, the drying shrinkage reduction effect increased. At the age of 100 days, the dry shrinkage rate of specimen with the shrinkage reducing agent of 1.5%was shown about half that of the specimen without the shrinkage reducing agent. The shrinkage reducing agent was gound to have no specific performance change for the use of the admixture.

Effect of Floor Plan Characteristics on Housing Price - Focused on the Apartment in 3 Gangnam Districts since 2005 - (공동주택 평면특성의 가격영향에 관한 연구 - 강남3구의 2005년 이후 분양주택을 중심으로 -)

  • Bae, Sangyoung;Lee, Jaewon;Lee, Sangyoub
    • Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.102-110
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    • 2018
  • The study analyzed the effects of the floor plan characteristics on the apartment price under the national housing size in 3 Gangnam districts for decades, the primary apartment markets in Korea. The analysis showed that the storage spaces such as kitchen, warehouses and dressage rooms have a positive effect on the price. Especially, the highly opened space with three-side open plan and the one with the unified type of livingroom, diningroom and kitchen have shown the strong effect on the price. For the kitchen spaces, the I-shaped kitchen tends to be more expensive while a centered living room has a positive effect on the price. These findings have an academic significance as the direct effects of plan characteristics on price has been examined unlike prior research focused on the analysis of trend, basic statistics, and satisfaction level. It is noteworthy that these research finding has identified the productive implication for the future floor plan design and pricing and also be implemented in the purchasing decision making by buyers in the housing market.

The Study on the Contexts and Place Names in Old County Maps of Goryeong-hyeon(高靈縣) in Late-Joseon Dynasty (조선 후기 고령현 군현지도의 계열별 특성과 고지명 연구)

  • Kim, Ki-Hyuk
    • Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.16-35
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    • 2009
  • This paper is to compare the contexts and old place names in old county maps of Goryeong-hyeon(高靈縣) according to the four types of maps. 23 maps covering Goryeong-hyeon were collected from the old county-map atlas(郡縣地圖帖) and Eupji(邑誌). The first type(named 'picture county map') included 8 county-maps in which information of military, and administrative contents are mainly mapped. The second type(named '1-ri grid system map') included 4 county maps in which information about beacon routes and road systems were regarded as very important. The third type(named '20-ri grid-system map(方眼地圖)' included 4 county-maps which were drawn as same scale with 20-ri(里) grids. The fourth type(named 'local county-map(地方郡縣地圖)' included 5 county maps which were drawn by local mappers. Types of toponyms which were included in maps are different by the propose of map-drawing. In the picture county maps, place names from military, and administrative contents are written. In the 1-ri grid system county maps, place names especially from military and transportation are fluent. In the 20-ri grid system county maps, generic name from natural environment, such as mountains are very fluent. In the local county maps, city-walls and castles are drawn exaggeratively and detailed generic name from warehouses and villages are written in those maps. This study shows that Daedongyeo-jido was drawn on the basis of 20-ri grid system county maps with the supplementation of geographical information.

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A Genetic Algorithm for Materialized View Selection in Data Warehouses (데이터웨어하우스에서 유전자 알고리즘을 이용한 구체화된 뷰 선택 기법)

  • Lee, Min-Soo
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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    • v.11D no.2
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    • pp.325-338
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    • 2004
  • A data warehouse stores information that is collected from multiple, heterogeneous information sources for the purpose of complex querying and analysis. Information in the warehouse is typically stored In the form of materialized views, which represent pre-computed portions of frequently asked queries. One of the most important tasks of designing a warehouse is the selection of materialized views to be maintained in the warehouse. The goal is to select a set of views so that the total query response time over all queries can be minimized while a limited amount of time for maintaining the views is given(maintenance-cost view selection problem). In this paper, we propose an efficient solution to the maintenance-cost view selection problem using a genetic algorithm for computing a near-optimal set of views. Specifically, we explore the maintenance-cost view selection problem in the context of OR view graphs. We show that our approach represents a dramatic improvement in terms of time complexity over existing search-based approaches that use heuristics. Our analysis shows that the algorithm consistently yields a solution that only has an additional 10% of query cost of over the optimal query cost while at the same time exhibits an impressive performance of only a linear increase in execution time. We have implemented a prototype version of our algorithm that is used to evaluate our approach.

A Proposal on the Consulting Model for Efficient Construction of Material Handling Automation System : Focused on K Company's Case (물류자동화 시스템의 효율적 구축을 위한 컨설팅 방법론 제안 : K기업의 사례를 중심으로)

  • Ko, J.H.;Cho, J.H.;Oh, H.S.;Shim, S.C.;Ryu, J.H.;Lee, S.J.
    • Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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    • v.38 no.4
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    • pp.202-211
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    • 2015
  • Companies build the factory automation system to improve management effectiveness and productivity as prime strategies for sustainable growth. But most companies undergo various trials and errors while carrying out the project without elaborate preparation stage for factory automation. In this study, we tried to verify what factors are critical to effectively building distribution automation system, which is a branch of factory automation system. A consulting model for setting up a Material Handling Automation System by utilizing the Stage-Gate Process, which is product development process was studied. 29 material handling automation projects carried out between the year 1990 to 2013 at K-Company were selected. Interviews with the project managers, operators and maintenance personnels, various records and current status of the projects were used as data for structural equations based on the Milan consulting model and existing researches of factory automation, CIM for material handling automation. Creating effective basis of production, material handling system and energy saving system with expert review, when preparing a material handling automation project, help promote the project planning thus contributing to the performance of the resulting system, which appears though rather weakly in our data. Also the effect of material handling automation can be enhanced through sufficient and effective links to the relevant environments such as production logistics management and automated warehouses. More detailed planning characteristics of project promotion or some time-series data of effective Material Handling Automation System could enhace furthur studies. We propose a consulting model for setting up an efficient material handling automation system.