• 성인간호학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.390-400
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• 2002

Purpose: This study was to prepare the basic data for prevention of colorectal cancer and protection against its spread. Method: The subjects for the study were 204 patients with colorectal cancer from the G.S. wards of five general hospitals in Busan for the period of June 1 to September 1, 2001. The instrument used was a questionaire which was developed by Junho Shin(1995). The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, McNemar test, ${\chi}^2$ test, paired t-test, and ANOVA. Result: 1. 57% of the studied subjects were male, 42.7% were more than 60 years old, 54.9% were of standard physique, 49.5% were the Buddhists, 50.5% were the middle or high school graduates, 83.8% were city dwellers, 48% were jobless, 69.6% had no-history of alimentary disease, 44.1% had no-family history of cancer, 82.8% were married. 2. Constipation (${\chi}^2=36.45$, p=0.0001) in clients showed a significant positive association for the prediagnosed, but diarrhea(${\chi}^2=3.947$, p=0.047) showed a significant positive association for the post-diagnosed. The preference for high seasonings(t=6.23, p=0.0001) and animal fat (t=8.35, p=0.0001) was higher significantly in the pre-diagnosed, but physical activities(${\chi}^2=30.22$, p=0.0001), an eutrophic or tonic medicine(${\chi}^2=30.22$, p=0.0001), was of and vegetables(t=-6.20, p=0.0001) was higher significantly in the post-diagnosed. 3. There were significant differences in the life style of the pre-diagnosed according to the general characteristics except religion. Conclusion: Results of the above study reveal we should be very sensitive to the change of defecation styles and consider the necessity of improving life styles as regards eating habits. When an education program is developed, the general characteristics of the subjects need to be considered.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.362-371
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify Compassion Fatigue (CF), Somatization, and Silencing Response (SR) among nurses and understand intermediate effects between the variables. Methods: The sample of 240 nurses who were working three shifts in medical and surgical wards, and emergency room were recruited in three hospitals with over 700 beds. A structured questionnaire was used which included CF, Somatization and SR scales. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. Results: There were statistically significant differences in CF, Somatization and SR depending on perceived personal health condition, experience of turnover, co-worker support. There were significant correlations between those study variables. The result also indicated that burnout (${\beta}$=.81, p<.001) which is a part of Secondary Traumatic Stress and Somatization (${\beta}$=.79, p<.001) have the role of partial mediator in the relationship between Secondary Traumatic Stress and Silencing response. Conclusion: The results of study show that an intermediary role by Burnout and Somatization in Silencing response of nurses is important for effective human resource management in hospital nursing staffs. Effective human resource management which includes mentoring and social support system can enhance the professional quality of life of nurses, which will eventually contribute to the quality of care by those care providers and counselors.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.951-955
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• 2014

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) was the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer in Iran between 2000 and 2009, with adenocarcinoma (AC) as the most common histological type. Demographic, topographic and histological variables are important in the epidemiology and biology of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate clinicopathological features of colon adenocarcinomas in Qazvin, Iran. Materials and Methods: With a retrospective design, patient records of two pathology wards from March 1997 to March 2013 were studied with regard to anatomical location and histological classification. A broader anatomical grouping was also used including distal vs proximal regions and right sided vs left sided tumors. Data were analyzed using T-test and chi-square test. Results: 118 (50.9%) male and 114 (49.1%) female patients were included in the study. Mean age was $57.3{\pm}14.7$ years, with 29.2% under 50 years. There was no significant gender difference for age at diagnosis. The rectum (56%) and sigmoid colon (25%) were the most frequent anatomical locations. Proximal cases accounted for 18.6% in males and 8.8% in females (p=0.02). AC was more prevalent than other usual types in younger patients. The proportion of proximal cancer was 1.7% in first eight years of the study period vs 12.1% in the second one (p=0.005). A similar trend was also seen in right sided colon cancers (p=0.018). Conclusions: Young people are also at risk for the cancer with poor prognosis. Screening programs and weight loss in obese individuals can reduce incidence and complications of CRC.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2003

Purpose: this study was to identify influencing factors of burnout on oncology nurses. Method: the data was collected using a questionnaire from October 18, 2002 to November 20, 2002 in five general hospitals at Seoul. Participants of this study were the nurses who worked in the wards occupied by more than 50 percent of cancer patients. The collected data were analyzed by using the SPSS10.0 program. Result: 1. The burnout of the subjects show a mean score of 2.72 using the 5 point Likert scale. There were statistically significant difference in burnout between the general characteristics; age, marital status, educational background, job experience, position, nursing service period, and attitudes on nursing job. 2 The self-esteem of the subjects show a mean score of 3.72 using the 5 point Likert scale. The spiritual well-being of the subjects show a mean score of 3.83 using the 6 point Likert scale. The social support of the subjects show a mean score of 3.74 using the 5 point Likert scale. The job stress of the subjects show a mean score of 2.16 using the 4 point Likert scale. 3. The result of correlation between burnout and other variable was that relationship between the burnout and job stress(r=-.206, p<.05), self-esteem(r=-.417, p<.01), spiritual well-being(r=-.403, p<.01), social support(r=-.386, p<.01) were significant variables. 4. The result of the Stepwise Multiple Regression was that self-esteem (17.4%), spiritual well-being(7.9%), social support(3.4%) and job stress(2.3%) explained 31% of burn out.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.174-183
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nurses' pain experience on the inference of their patients' suffering. Method: Study subjects were sampled from 184 nurses who worked in general wards in one S university hospital located at Seoul. Nurses' pain experience consists of personal pain experience and professional pain experience. The Standard Measure of Inference of Suffering (Davitz & Davitz, 1981) was used for suffering inference measure, and patients' suffering which consists of physical pain and psychological distress. Result: Suffering inference scores of nurses without personal pain experience revealed a higher value than that of nurses with personal pain experience. But these differences were not statistically significant. The higher intense pain was experienced, the higher were suffering inference scores. This physical pain inference score was statistically significant(p=.044). Of the nurses who had personal pain experience, suffering inference scores of nurses with unrelieved pain experience revealed a higher value than that of nurses with relieved pain experience. Physical pain and psychological distress inference scores were statistically significant(p=.010, p=.006). Suffering inference scores of nurses without professional pain experience(internal medicine, general surgery, orthopedic surgery) revealed a higher value than that of nurses with professional pain experience. Professional pain experience of internal medical illness was statistically significant in psychological distress of internal medical illness(p=.044), and professional pain experience of orthopedic surgical illness was statistically significant in physical pain of orthopedic surgical illness(p=.027). Conclusion: Nurses who have experienced low pain intensity or good pain relief are inclined n to underestimate patient' pain. Although nurses who care for the same patient over a long time deal skillfully with that patient, nurses are inclined to underestimate that patients' pain. Nurses need to be aware of possible biases related to pain assessment as a result of pain experience.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.831-843
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• 2005

Objective: The study was conducted by the Association of Korean College of Nursing in order to survey and analyze the current state of clinical practicum for adult health nursing at four-year nursing college in Korea and to suggest improvements in the contents and methods of clinical practicum and its future direction. Method: Data were collected using a survey by mail from July to November 2004 using a structured questionnaire on the general state of clinical practicum for adult health nursing. The questionnaires were sent to 53 nursing colleges throughout the country, and 47 recovered questionnaires were analyzed. Results: The number of credits for adult health nursing practicum was 7~10(average range), and various nursing fields were used in clinical practicum. The number of students per team was 5~6 at general wards and 3~4 at intensive care units. Students also experienced practicum during daytime and in the evening. Clinical practicum for adult health nursing was led by full-time professors and field practicum directors. In clinical practicum for adult health nursing, almost every college evaluated students' attitude, skills, leadership, etc. in various forms. Conclusions: It is urgent to develope a standardized evaluation tool for clinical practicum.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.303-314
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• 1997

This is descripitive study conducted to identify educational needs of mothers of nephrotic syndrome patients and tie degree of nerses' educational performances perceived by mothers who look after mainly nephrotic syndrome patients. The study subjects were composed of 74 mothers of nephrotic syndrome patients whose children were hospitalized in 2 Pediatric wards of University Hospital in Seoul and 1 in Pen from June in 1996 to Januaryin 1997. A questionaire for this study was item Kikert type 5 point scale, developed on the basis of previous literature and researcher's clinical experience and the reliability of the used instruments was α=.97. The data analysis was done by SAS. t-test, and ANOVA were done to determine the effect of general characteristics of subjects on their educational needs. Pearson correlation was done to measure relations between general characterictics of subjects and their educational needs and Stepwise Multiple Regression was done to test a variable affecting educational needs. The results were as follows. 1. Mean score of educational needs of subjects was 137.06(Maximum 176). The score of the educational needs of home care was the highes, but the question numbers(of that category) are smaller than others. So, the educational need of the diagnosis art treatment was regarded as the highest in contents. 2. The mean score of nurses' educational performances was very low, 74.91(Maximum 176). Nurse's educational performances score in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease ranked as the highest Burt that score in the care during hoapitalization was the highest in contents as the educational needs was. 3. The number of children excepting the patient (r²=.215289. p=.006) and the age of patient(r²=.23770, p=.001) were emerged as important variables affecting the degree of mother's educational need.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 1984

The purpose of the study was to find an effect of medium chain triglyceride (MCT)diet on the serum lipids and lipoprotein of Sprague-Dawley rats when the were fed with cholesterol. All experiment-groups were fed with different diet such as soybean oil, shortening,MCT and MCT mixed with oil respectively. After fed to each group, the levels of serum lipids and lipoprotein among fed rats were examined and the data from the experiment were compared with a control group. The results obtained from the study are as follows : (1) The average boby weight gain in MCT diet and soybean oil diet groups were lighter than that of the control group, while the food efficiency ratio in each experimental diet group was almost same as than in the control group. (2) Total cholesterol levels in serum of all experimental diet groups were lower than that of the control group except the level in shortening diet group. Especially, the levels of total cholesterol in MCT diet and soybean oil diet groups were significantly lower than that of the control group. (3) VLDL, LDL-cholesterol levels of all experimental groups were almost same except the case of the MCT diet and soybean oil diet group which was significantly low. (4) The ratio of VLDL, LDL-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol, so called, atherogenic index in serum of MCT and soybean oil diet groups were significantly lower than that of the control group. (5) The ratio of total cholesterol to phospholipids in serum of MCT diet group was decreased, because total cholesterol levels were decreased more than phospolipid levels. (6) The ratio of the serum VLDL, LDL to HDL in MCT diet group. in MCT and soybean oil mixed diet group, and in soybean diet group was decreased. In other wards, it means that the decrease of the serum VLDL, LDL in each group and the increase of the serum HDL.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.22-28
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• 1999

The development of standards and guidelines of rehabilitation nursing has been the major concerns for providing better nursing to the rehabilitation clients. As the patients with stroke and spinal cord injuries are the most prevalent physical disabilities in Korea, this study focussed on the nursing diagnoses of these two groups of patients. In order to identify the nursing diagnoses frequently used In their practice for the patients with stroke and spinal cord injuries, a survey was done with the questionnaire form developed by the research team. The surveyee were the staff nurses working at rehabilitation wards more than 2 years from 8 general hospitals in Korea, They identified and set the priorities of 13 nursing diagnoses from 79 stroke patients and 10 nursing diagnoses from 35 patients with spinal cord injuries during the periods from March 1 to June 2, 1999. The identified nursing diagnoses for the stroke patients are impaired physical immobility, sensory-perceptual alteration, activity intolerance, self-care deficit, altered defecation, altered urination, risk for injury, unilateral neglect, impaired skin integrity, altered thought processes, pain, altered health maintenance, dysreflexia. The identified nursing diagnoses for spinal cord injuries are altered urination, altered defecation, impaired skin integrity, pain, risk for injury, reflex incontinence, impaired physical immobility, self-care deficit, activity intolerance, knowledge deficit.

• 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2009

This study, "The study about performance evaluations of mobile cover for X-ray's diffusion and distribution in mobile radiation" is based on the rules of mobile defense apparatus for radiation producer in 2006. To use the mobile cover for X-ray for diagnosis has been compulsory in common wards except operation rooms, emergency rooms and intensive care units. we have confirmed the effect in arbitrary shielding material after Qualitiy Control was carried out for accuracy in an experiment of mobile photographing equipment. The performance evaluation was conducted with the fabrics of selenium, 0.2 mmPb, 0.1 mmPb and aluminiums. Considering the result, we choosed 0.1 mmPb and attached cover to mobile photographing equipment. We have finished making the cover after drew up the draft to attach cover to mobile photographing equipment through the modeling and the structural analysis. the process of the study is that we assembled the manufactured structures and carried out the practical experiment to take the photograph after attaching the fabric of 0.1 mmPb to mobile photographing equipment. It is need of additional thesises hereafter that we compare the result between the part to improve for safety besides convenience in photographic experiment about clinical radiation and the effect of covering the diffusion in condition attached the cover.