• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.11-20
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• 1990

Recorded injury identified the role of falls in producing injury througout all segments of the nation. The Economic and social costs arising from falls has been established in numerous sources, both nationally and from the intermational literature. Recorded injury also indicated the potential features of falls, the need for a basic understanding of the energy exchange mechanism involved and the subsequent rehabilitation processes required. It appears unlikely that any other major cause of injury has an etiology so little researched and consequently, so little understood, which in turn has prevented the development of an intervention strategy or a scientically based control technology of falls. This paper will emphasize how the postural changes of foot are related to slip/fall severity in different environmental conditions. Lidewise, we will examine the whole slip/fall cycle through the biomechanical parameters involved in a range of walking speed and floor slipperiness

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.257-266
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• 2011

The rapid development of airlines, has made airports busier and more complicated. The assignment of scheduled to available gates is a major issue for daily airline operations. We consider the over-constrained airport gate assignment problem(AGAP) where the number of flights exceeds the number of available gates, and where the objectives are to minimize the number of ungated flights and the total walking distance or connection times. The procedures used in this project are to create a mathematical model formulation to identify decision variables to identify, constraints and objective functions. In addition, we will consider in the AGAP the size of each gate in the terminal and also the towing process for the aircraft. We will use a greedy algorithm to solve the problem. The greedy algorithm minimizes ungated flights while providing initial feasible solutions that allow flexibility in seeking good solutions, especially in case when flight schedules are dense in time. Experiments conducts give good results.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.1247-1248
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• 2022

Due to rapid urbanization and population growth, it has become crucial to analyze the various volumes and characteristics of pedestrian pathways to understand the capacity and level of service (LOS) for pathways to promote a better walking environment. Different indicators have been developed to measure pedestrian volume. The pedestrian level of service (PLOS), tailored to analyze pedestrian pathways based on the concept of the LOS in transportation in the Highway Capacity Manual, has been widely used. PLOS is a measurement concept used to assess the quality of pedestrian facilities, from grade A (best condition) to grade F (worst condition), based on the flow rate, average speed, occupied space, and other parameters. Since the original PLOS approach has been criticized for producing idealistic results, several modified versions of PLOS have also been developed. One of these modified versions is perceived PLOS, which measures the LOS for pathways by considering pedestrians' awareness levels. However, this method relies on survey-based measurements, making it difficult to continuously deploy the technique to all the pathways. To measure PLOS more quantitatively and continuously, researchers have adopted computer vision technologies to automatically assess pedestrian flows and PLOS from CCTV videos. However, there are drawbacks even with this method because CCTVs cannot be installed everywhere, e.g., in alleyways. Recently, a technique to monitor bio-signals, such as electrodermal activity (EDA), through wearable sensors that can measure physiological responses to external stimuli (e.g., when another pedestrian passes), has gained popularity. It has the potential to continuously measure perceived PLOS. In their previous experiment, the authors of this study found that there were many significant EDA responses in crowded places when other pedestrians acting as external stimuli passed by. Therefore, we hypothesized that the EDA responses would be significantly higher in places where relatively more dynamic objects pass, i.e., in crowded areas with low PLOS levels (e.g., level F). To this end, the authors conducted an experiment to confirm the validity of EDA in inferring the perceived PLOS. The EDA of the subjects was measured and analyzed while watching both the real-world and virtually created videos with different pedestrian volumes in a laboratory environment. The results showed the possibility of inferring the amount of pedestrian volume on the pathways by measuring the physiological reactions of pedestrians. Through further validation, the research outcome is expected to be used for EDA-based continuous measurement of perceived PLOS at the alley level, which will facilitate modifying the existing walking environments, e.g., constructing pathways with appropriate effective width based on pedestrian volume. Future research will examine the validity of the integrated use of EDA and acceleration signals to increase the accuracy of inferring the perceived PLOS by capturing both physiological and behavioral reactions when walking in a crowded area.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.439-446
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• 2014

An amphibious inspection robot system (hereafter AIROS) is being developed to visually inspect the in-containment refueling storage water tank (hereafter IRWST) strainer in APR1400 instead of a human diver. Four IRWST strainers are located in the IRWST, which is filled with boric acid water. Each strainer has 108 sub-assembly strainer fin modules that should be inspected with the VT-3 method according to Reg. guide 1.82 and the operation manual. AIROS has 6 thrusters for submarine voyage and 4 legs for walking on the top of the strainer. An inverse kinematic algorithm was implemented in the robot controller for exact walking on the top of the IRWST strainer. The IRWST strainer has several top cross braces that are extruded on the top of the strainer, which can be obstacles of walking on the strainer, to maintain the frame of the strainer. Therefore, a robot leg should arrive at the position beside the top cross brace. For this reason, we used an image processing technique to find the top cross brace in the sole camera image. The sole camera image is processed to find the existence of the top cross brace using the cross edge detection algorithm in real time. A 5-DOF robot arm that has multiple camera modules for simultaneous inspection of both sides can penetrate narrow gaps. For intuitive presentation of inspection results and for management of inspection data, inspection images are stored in the control PC with camera angles and positions to synthesize and merge the images. The synthesized images are then mapped in a 3D CAD model of the IRWST strainer with the location information. An IRWST strainer mock-up was fabricated to teach the robot arm scanning and gaiting. It is important to arrive at the designated position for inserting the robot arm into all of the gaps. Exact position control without anchor under the water is not easy. Therefore, we designed the multi leg robot for the role of anchoring and positioning. Quadruped robot design of installing sole cameras was a new approach for the exact and stable position control on the IRWST strainer, unlike a traditional robot for underwater facility inspection. The developed robot will be practically used to enhance the efficiency and reliability of the inspection of nuclear power plant components.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.365-374
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• 2009

본 연구는 2007년 6월 23일부터 6월 29일까지 제주도에 위치한 말 목장의 방목지에서 말의 연령에 따른 군별 행동양식을 알아보고자 실시하였다. 공시마는 육성마군 3세 11두, 육성마군 1세 12두를 대상으로 행동을 조사하였다. 연령에 따른 행동의 차이가 약간 나타나 육성마(1세) 군에서는 채식이 56%, 기립 23%, 횡와 10%, 보행 5%, 러닝 2.5%, 음수가 3%였다. 육성마 1세의 3두의 개체별 행동발현은 개체차이가 나타났으며 비율의 평균은 채식이 53%, 기립이 29%, 횡와 11%, 보행 5%, 음수 1%, 러닝 1%를 나타내었다. 육성마(3세) 군에서는 채식 54%, 기립 27%, 보행 13%, 러닝과 음수가 1.5%, 횡와가 1% 였다. 육성마 3세의 개체별 발현 비율 평균은 채식이 53%, 기립 32%, 보행 10%, running과 음수행동이 각각 1%였다. 본 연구는 우리나라에서 생산되는 경주마의 방목행동에 관한 최초의 연구라고 생각된다. 이 자료가 충분할 수는 없으나 이를 기반으로 경주마를 생산, 육성할 때 사양관리에 도움이 되고 앞으로 연구의 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.561-569
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• 2016

목적: 본 연구에서는 보행하면서 스마트 폰을 사용하는 것에 대한 위험을 계몽하기 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위해, 보행 시 스마트 폰 사용 실태와 보행 시 스마트 폰 사용에 있어서 어떠한 위험 요인이 관계하고 있는 지에 대해서 분석하였다. 방법: 조사대상은 도쿄도, 치바현, 오사카부의 3개 지역의 6개 회사의 전철 통근자 885명과 5개 대학의 전철 통학 학생 550명을 대상으로 조사를 실시하였다. 조사는 무기명 질문지법을 활용하여 조사를 실시했다. 조사 시기는 2014년 4월부터 5월에 걸쳐서 실시하였다. 결과: 보행 시 스마트 폰을 사용하거나 피쳐 폰을 조작 하고 있는지에 대한 조사 결과는 피쳐 폰 사용 경험자가 33%, 스마트 폰 사용 경험자는 76%를 차지한 것으로 나타났으며, 그 가운데 38%의 조사 대상자는 이어폰으로 음악을 들으면서 동시에 스마트 폰이나 피쳐 폰 조작 경험이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 연령, 성별, 계몽광고 시청 여부 등을 독립 변수로, 보행 시 스마트 폰이나 피쳐 폰 조작 경험의 유무를 종속 변수로 2항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 20대 이하의 대상자가 30대 이상에 비해 보행 시 스마트폰 사용 비율이 4.93배(p <0.00) 높은 것으로 나타났다. 성별, 계몽 포스터 시청의 유무, 계몽 텔레비전 시청의 유무, 계몽 홍보 잡지 시청의 유무 등에 대에서는 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.20-28
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• 2019

본 논문은 지반 조건에 따라 현재 개발 중인 팽이기초를 접목한 신발과 일반적인 신발인 워킹화의 보행시 압력분포의 비교분석에 대한 연구이다. 일반적인 신발, 현재 개발 중인 팽이기초를 접목한 신발 두 가지 카테고리의 신발이 본 연구에 사용되었으며, 실험 대상은 260mm를 착용하는 정상발의 조건에 만족하는 15명의 20대 남성을 대상으로 단단한 지반, 모래 지반에서의 실험을 실시하였다. 보행 시 압력의 측정은 Techstorm사의 무선 Insole System 을 사용하여 측정하였으며 발의 7 Zone에서 족저압을 측정하였다. 연구 결과 신발과 지반 조건에 따라 다른 최대 힘, 평균 압력, 압력 분포도를 나타냈으며, 본 연구 결과 단단한 지반 및 모래 지반에서 발 부위에 따라 족저압 분산 효과가 일반적인 신발과 현재 개발 중인 팽이기초를 접목한 신발이 서로 상이한 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 향후 보다 지속적인 연구를 통해 다양한 고무 소재를 선택하여 추가적인 실험을 통해 단단한 지반 및 모래 지반에서 모두 착용 가능한 신발의 개발에 유용하게 사용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.87-91
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• 2004

High aged society is rapidly progressing in Japan. The rate of aged person more than 65 years old in the population are estimated 25 % in 2017 and rate of younger population will be decreased at same time. As a result, it is estimated that the human resources that is looking after or supporting for the aged person will be drained in Japan. In the other hand, the society has to provide high quality of life in order to be improved living environment for aged person. To decrease the share of nursing and caring for the aged person, it is required that new supporting systems for aged person have to build up as soon as possible. But it is required that various kind of measurement for posture and movement in activities with a simple and single detector for the aged person. The measurement instrument has to be lightweight and simple structure. The results give us a simple measurement method are classified that the posture of sitting down, lying down in stationary statuses and walking, running and going to up and down on the stairs in moving statuses. The detected data will plane to transmit to wireless mobile system to the host computer.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제33권11호
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• pp.1326-1331
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• 2009

The sensor data measured by the legged robot are used to recognize the physical environment or information that controls the robot's posture. Therefore, a robot's ambulation can be advanced with the use of such sensing information. For the precise control of a robot, highly accurate sensor data are required, but most sensors are expensive and are exposed to excessive load operation in the field. The seriousness of these problems will be seen if the prototype's practicality and mass productivity, which are closely related to the unit cost of production and maintenance, will be considered. In this paper, the use of a virtual sensor technology was suggested to address the aforementioned problems, and various ways of applying the theory to a walking robot obtained through training with an actual sensor, and of various hardware information, were presented. Finally, the possibility of the replacement of the ground reaction force sensor of legged robot was verified.

• Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.491-499
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• 2018

Background: Advances in surgical techniques, implant technology, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have increased the recovery chances of patients with bone sarcomas. Accordingly, patients' expectations on life quality have also increased, highlighting the importance of objective evaluation of the functional results of reconstruction. Methods: Thirteen patients with distal femoral endoprosthesis, who had been followed for an average of 2.9 years were evaluated. Postural stability, daily energy expenditure, muscle power, and range of motion were the four parameters analyzed in this study. The Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score and Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS) were used to assess postoperative function and examine correlations with other parameters. Results: Patients had sedentary activities in 84% of their daily lives. They exhibited a slower speed in the walk across test and a higher sway velocity in the sit-to-stand test (p = 0.005). MSTS scores were significantly correlated with the daily energy expenditure and walking speed. Conclusions: Objective functional results acquired from various clinics will provide significant data to compare reconstruction techniques, rehabilitation protocols, and surgical techniques. In this way, it will be possible to satisfy the expectations of patients that increase in relation to enhanced recovery.