• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.64-75
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of satisfaction in neighborhood park environments located in the Changwon-si of Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea, on physical activity, the number of parks used for health improvement, and health levels based on Body Mass Index(BMI). Accordingly, a survey was conducted of 429 nearby residents and users of eight neighborhood parks located in urban areas of Seongsan-gu and Uichang-gu in the Changwon-si. The correlation between the environmental perception of neighborhood parks and physical activity and health, which was observed in the survey results, was analyzed using one-by-one linear regression analysis. By summarizing the study results, it was found that the primary reasons for avoiding park use were lack of time, time and effort required to reach the park(i.e., distance from the park), and lack of facilities within the park. Conversely, the primary reasons for using the park included accessibility, walking or strolling, leisure facilities, trees or shade, and diversity in exercise areas. In the case of park users, walking or strolling was the most common activity in the park. On average, park users walked to the parks for 10 minutes and exercised for an hour at least twice per week. With respect to the physical environment of the parks and surrounding areas, park users showed a high level of satisfaction with the distance between their houses and parks and the street environment. On the contrary, they exhibited low levels of satisfaction with water spaces and sightseeing within the parks. Subsequently, it was shown that the number of people using the parks for physical activities and health improvement was positively influenced(within a 5% significance level) by the intent to use the park for exercise, time spent in the park, satisfaction with park use and health improvement, distance to the park, and the convenience of using the park for the elderly. However, only the health improvement gained from park use was found to exhibit a correlation with BMI at the 10% significance level. Continuous accumulation of practical case studies on physical activities in parks and their health improvement effects is required. Through this, park spaces that are under the threat of reduction or elimination owing to various development plans can be conserved and expanded. Furthermore, such case studies can be used to provide data as the basis for deriving park plans and designs that improve parks' functions as sites of physical activity and health improvement.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.127-145
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• 1997

The purpose of this study wa9 to analyse the gait patterns of two female children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy by using the three-dimensional video motion analysis technique. Case 1 has mild spastic hemiplegia on the right side while Case 3 has moderate spastic hemiplegia on the left side. A group of 10, normal female children of the same age(7-8 years old) were selected as the control group for comparison. Time and distance variables as well as the Center of Mass displacement, and the pelvic and joint motions in three anatomical planes were analysed for this purpose. The following observations were made through the analysis : Case 1 revealed an asymmetrical gait pattern in which the step length of the unaffected side was shorter than that of the affected side, which wan a result of the effort to minimize loading on the affected leg by shortening the swing phase of the unaffected leg. Case 1 scored similar phase ratios, cadence and walking velocity to the normal group. A slight posterior tilt of the pelvis was observed throughout the gait cycle. Less hip and knee flexion than the normal group was observed, and demonstrated hyperextension of the knee in the terminal stance phase. The main problem in case 1 originated from the insufficient dorsiflexion of the affected foot during the swing phase. Therefore, Case 1 has difficulty with foot clearance in the swing phase. Usually, this is compensated for by using exessive hip abduction and medial rotation in conjuction with trunk elevation as well as increased vortical displacement of the center of mass. Case 1 revealed a foot-flat initial contact pattern. Case 2 was characterized by a consistent retraction ef the affected aide of the body througout the gait cycle, As a result, an asymmetrical gait pattern with increased stance phase ratios of the unaffected side was observed. In spite of this the step lengths of both sieds were similar. Case 2 scored lower cadence and walking speed than the normal group with lower gait stability. The main problem in Case 2 originated from an excessive plantaflexion of the affected foot which, in turn, rebutted in high hip and knee flexion. Hyperextension of the knee was observed at mid-stance, and execessive anterior tilt of the pelvis throughout the gait cycle was noticed. A gait pattern with high hip abduction and medial circumduction was maintained for the stability in the stance phase and foot clearance in the swing phase. Case 2 revealed a forefoot-contact initial contact pattern.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.187-197
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to analyze the travel behaviors of customers accessing to three different types of shopping facilities - traditional markets(TM), hyper markets(HM), and super supermarkets(SSM) - and also to find out the most desirable location for each type of shopping facilities that encourage sustainable transportation and smart urban growth. It also demonstrates what mode has the highest percentage of modal split and what is the access distance for public transport mode by each shopping facilities (SSM: 84.5% walking and 667m, TM: 20.1% bus and 1.6km, HM : 46.2% private car and 4.2km). Among TM, HM, and SSM, statistically significant differences are found in terms of mode choices and other associated travel behaviors. The research findings are expected to contribute to finding future urban planning and transportation solutions that promote walking and public transit uses for shopping trips and thus help support green transportation and sustainable urban growth.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.368-374
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was investigate the effect of rehabilitation exercise using a home video game(PS2, Sony) on gait ability in the chronic stroke patients. The subjects of this study were 32 patients who underwent stroke for more than 6 months and were assigned to a game-based exercise group (n=16) or a control group (n=16). The Game-based exercise group executed a rehabilitation exercise three times a week during 6 weeks, at the rehabilitation unit. The exercise was performed by PS2 for one hour. Control group maintained their usual life without application of exercise. Outcome measures included gait ability. After the completion of the game-based exercise, 10m walking velocity was improved significantly (p<0.05). Six minute walking distance was increased significantly (p<0.05). These results showed that the rehabilitation exercise using a home video game is effective in the improvement of gait ability in chronic stroke patients. This study suggest that interesting, motivating game-based rehabilitation exercise and effective in recovery of function exercise for chronic stroke patients should be necessary to develop and apply.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.83-93
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• 2012

Recent environmental concerns have made interest in environment-friendly transportation means such as walking, biking, and public transportation. However, since it is difficult to move long distance by walking or biking, their scope of application is rather limited. On the other hand, public transportation can solve traffic congestion, a recent social issue, though its usability may depend on its time schedule. Currently available information services on public transportation in the Web do not reflect well such traits of the public transportation; thus, in some cases, they may provide wrong information to end users. To solve such problems and provide information based on timetable of public transportations, this paper proposes a STP(Space Time Point) data model. Unlike existing space-time data models, this model recognizes the bottommost element of an object as a point and structures these points in hierarchical way to define an object. In particular, It can make it possible to implement a variety of dynamic spatial objects changing object information according to time. An objective of this study is to design a STP model for bus and subway based on timetables of public transportation in Daejeon area and builds a system to provide path navigation. With the designed navigation function, a path from the Daejeon National Cemetery to Hannam University was searched by time slot. The result showed that the system provided different paths by time, as the system guided different paths when bus operation was limited in midnight. As existing data model could not provide such results, it is confirmed that the system can provide path navigation based on real-time traffic information. It is expected that based on such functionality, it is possible to provide additional functionalities by applying diverse data models such as real-time transport information or traffic history information.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.37-49
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• 2015

In Space Syntax, the greater the degree of integration between separate links, the greater the links' accessibility from the target network. As such, planning pedestrian walks so that links with high degrees of integration are connected, or else inducing high integration value land use are both valid options. The travel distribution model reflects how walking demand, or more specifically, the pedestrian, partakes in route choosing behavior that minimizes select criteria, notably level of discomfort, as measured using travel distance and time. The model thus demonstrates travel patterns associated with demand pertaining to minimization of discomfort experienced by the pedestrian. This research introduces a method that integrates Space Syntax and the pedestrian travel distribution model. The integrated model will determine whether regions with high degrees of integration are actually being used as pivots for pedestrian demand movement, as well as to explain whether the degree of integration is sustained at an appropriate level while considering actual movement demand. As a means to develop the integrated model, a method that combines display of the visibility of the space syntax network and road-divided links is proposed. The pedestrian travel distribution model also includes an alternative path finding mechanism between origin and destination, which allows for uniform allocation of demand.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.66-80
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aims to examine the effects of nursing interventions based on the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior (ETPB) regarding self-efficacy for exercise (SEE), physical activity (PA), physical function (PF), and quality of life (QOL) in patients with lung cancer who have undergone pulmonary resection. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted between July 2015 and June 2018 in two university-affiliated hospitals. The intervention included pre-operative patient education, goal setting (action and coping planning), and feedback (behavior intention and perceived behavioral control). The intervention group (IG) (n=51) received nursing interventions from the day before surgery to 12 months after lung resection, while the comparison group (CG) (n=36) received usual care. SEE, PA, PF (dyspnea, functional status, and 6-minute walking distance [6MWD]), and QOL were measured before surgery and at one, three, six, and 12 months after surgery. Data were analyzed using the χ² test, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, t-test, and generalized estimation equations (GEE). Results: There were significant differences between the two groups regarding SEE (χ²=13.53, p=.009), PA (χ²=9.51, p=.049), functional status (χ²=10.55, p=.032), and 6MWD (χ²=15.62, p=.004). Although there were no time or group effects, the QOL mental component (Z=-2.78, p=.005) of the IG was higher than that of the CG one month after surgery. Interventions did not affect dyspnea or the QOL physical component. Conclusion: The intervention of this study was effective in improving SEE, PA, functional status, and 6MWD of lung cancer patients after lung resection. Further extended investigations that utilize ETPB are warranted to confirm these results.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.39-46
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• 2007

Research on human identification in ubiquitous environment has recently attracted a lot of attention. As one of those research, gait recognition is an efficient method of human identification using physical features of a walking person at a distance. In this paper, we present a human shape extraction and tracking for gait recognition using geodesic active contour models(GACMs) combined with mean shift algorithm The active contour models (ACMs) are very effective to deal with the non-rigid object because of its elastic property. However, they have the limitation that their performance is mainly dependent on the initial curve. To overcome this problem, we combine the mean shift algorithm with the traditional GACMs. The main idea is very simple. Before evolving using level set method, the initial curve in each frame is re-localized near the human region and is resized enough to include the targe region. This mechanism allows for reducing the number of iterations and for handling the large object motion. The proposed system is composed of human region detection and human shape tracking modules. In the human region detection module, the silhouette of a walking person is extracted by background subtraction and morphologic operation. Then human shape are correctly obtained by the GACMs with mean shift algorithm. In experimental results, the proposed method show that it is extracted and tracked efficiently accurate shape for gait recognition.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.851-864
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• 2019

Multiple system atrophy is a neurodegenerative disease that causes diverse bodily dysfunctions (cerebellar, pyramidal, automatic, and urological, in any combination), as well as Parkinsonism. Patients with multiple system atrophy commonly display antecollis, a condition where the patient's head tilts forward more than 45 degrees. Despite its common occurrence in these patients, no current standardized therapies are effective for treating antecollis. In this study, Korean medicinal treatments, including Chuna manual therapy, pharmaco-acupuncture, bee venom acupuncture, acupuncture, herbal medicine, and moxibustion therapy, were administered to the patient over a 27-day period. After the treatment, assessments of the head position on the EPIS-PD scale (Part I) and at a standing position from the side (Part II) both revealed improvements. As the head flexion angle decreased, the patient's head posture improved, as determined by a decrease in angle from 80 degrees to 30 degrees in the upright, standing position. As a result, patients who previously were unable to walk without the support of walking frames could now roam freely and independently, with significant increases in both walking speed and distance. In essence, this study suggests that Korean medicine is an effective treatment for patients with multiple system atrophy who suffer from antecollis and gait disorders.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

In this paper, we propose a method to recognize the braille blocks for embedded devices in real time through deep learning. First, a deep learning model for braille block recognition is trained on a high-performance computer, and the learning model is applied to a lightweight tool to apply to an embedded device. To recognize the walking information of the braille block, an algorithm is used to determine the path using the distance from the braille block in the image. After detecting braille blocks, bollards, and crosswalks through the YOLOv8 model in the video captured by the embedded device, the walking information is recognized through the braille block path discrimination algorithm. We apply the model lightweight tool to YOLOv8 to detect braille blocks in real time. The precision of YOLOv8 model weights is lowered from the existing 32 bits to 8 bits, and the model is optimized by applying the TensorRT optimization engine. As the result of comparing the lightweight model through the proposed method with the existing model, the path recognition accuracy is 99.05%, which is almost the same as the existing model, but the recognition speed is reduced by 59% compared to the existing model, processing about 15 frames per second.