• Title/Summary/Keyword: Waist-to-height ratio

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Potential Predictive Indicators for Age-Related Loss of Skeletal Muscle Mass in Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged Women

  • Jongseok Hwang
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.47-54
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    • 2024
  • PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify the potential clinically predictive indicators of the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass (ALSMM) in middle-aged women. METHODS: The data from a cross-sectional study involving 2,066 community-dwelling female participants aged 40 to 49 years were analyzed. Complex sampling analyses were used to ensure a nationally representative analysis, incorporating the individual weights provided by KNHANES. This approach accounted for the stratified, clustered, and multistage probability sampling design of the survey. The participants were screened for ALSMM, and various potential predictive indicators were assessed, including age, height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, smoking and drinking status, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose levels, triglyceride levels, and cholesterol levels. RESULTS: Significant potential predictive indicators for ALSMM included height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, and fasting glucose (p < .05). The systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride levels triglyceride, and drinking and smoking status were found to be non-significant variables (p > .05). CONCLUSION: The study identified the potential predictive indicators for ALSMM among community-dwelling middle-aged women. These findings enhance the current understanding of ALSMM and highlight the potential predictive indicators associated with its development in middle-aged women.

Assessing a Body Shape Index and Waist to Height Ratio as a Risk Predictor for Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Syndrome among Korean Adults (한국 성인의 인슐린저항성 및 대사증후군 위험 예측인자로서 체형지수와 허리둘레/신장 비율의 효용성)

  • Shin, Kyung-A
    • Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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    • v.50 no.1
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    • pp.44-53
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    • 2018
  • The WHtR (waist to height ratio) and ABSI (a body shape index) are indicators that reflect abdominal obesity. This study examined the insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome prediction ability of ABSI and WHtR. In this study, 4,395 people aged 20 years or older, who underwent physical examinations at a General Hospital in Gyeonggi-do from January 2017 to September 2017 were assessed on a cross section survey. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the criteria of the AHA/NHLBI. Insulin resistance was judged to be insulin resistance when the HOMA-IR value was 3.0 or more. Both men and women showed a stronger correlation between WHtR and the metabolic risk factors than ABSI. The AUC value of WHtR and ABSI was 0.849 and 0.676, respectively (p<0.001). The AUC value of WHtR and ABSI for predicting insulin resistance was 0.818 and 0.641, respectively (p<0.001). In conclusion, the ABSI has low predictive power of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome whereas the WHtR has good predictive power for metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance.

Past and Present Obesity, Parameters of Body Fat and Blood Pressure in Korean Patients with Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus(NIDDM) (한국 인슐린 비의존형 당뇨병 환자의 체중 변화, 체지방, 혈압 및 C-peptide/혈당 비)

  • 박혜자;이인옥;김세현
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.1034-1043
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    • 2001
  • To determine the frequency of past and present obesity among patients with NIDDM and to identify the differences of body fat, blood pressure and C-peptide/glucose ratio according to obese diabetic patients (BMI$\geq$25 kg/$m^2$) and nonobese (BMI<25 kg/$m^2$). Also the final factor is to observe the anthrometric change patterns in the study. Method: The weight at 20 years-old, previous maximal body weight, and acute weight loss were queried. Current height, body weight, BMI, waist & hip circumferences, waist-hip ratio, skinfold thicknesses, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and fasting C-peptide were measured in one hundred sixty-seven NIDDM patients. The differences of the parameters ccording to obese and nonobese, and three anthropometric change patterns were analyzed. Result: Results were as follows: 1. 66.5 % of the NIDDM patients had a history of past obesity as assessed by their maximum weight, while only 33.2% of them were currently obese (p's < 0.001). 2. The waist & hip circumferences, skinfold thicknesses, systolic, diastolic & mean arterial blood pressure in obese patients were greater than those of nonobese patients (all p's < 0.001). 3. The waist and the hip circumferences, and skinfold thicknesses (subscapula & triceps) were highest among the obese-obese group. WHR and abdominal skinfold thickness in the obese-obese and obese-nonobese groups were higher than those in the nonobese- nonobese group. Systolic & diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures in the obese-obese group were higher than those of obese-nonobese and nonobese-nonobese groups(all p's < 0.005). 4. The abdominal and subscapular skinfold thicknesses in female diabetic patients were greater than those of male patients (all p's <0.0001). Conclusion: Although most Korean NIDDM patients were previously obese, many of them were not obese during the course of the study. Greater central and upper body adiposicity and higher blood pressure was shown in obese diabetic patients. Also, greater central and upper body adiposicity was demonstrated in female diabetic patients.

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Body Cathexis and Clothing Image of Female Collegians by Somatotype (여대생의 체형별 신체만족도와 의복이미지 연구)

  • Lee, Mi-Jin;Kim, Yang-Weon
    • The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.221-231
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    • 2012
  • To find the differences between the real somatotype and the ideal somatotype, WHR(Waist to Hip Ratio), WCR(Waist to Chest Ratio), and body cathexis were analysed by using ANOVA test, Duncan's multiple range test, and $x^2$ test. Fashion image sought by female collegians was surveyed, too. The results were as follows. WHRs in slim, usual, fat body type were 0.75, 0.76, and 0.83 and WCRs were 0.77, 0.81, 0.80. The respondents who considered themselves to be overweight recognized themselves to be fatter than their real weight. They were not satisfied with their bust girth in slim body type, thighs and calves in usual body type, and all parts except for foot length, hand length and arm length in fat body type. 60% of the thin people considered their body hourglass shape, 30.4% of regular people recognized their body triangle type, 43.8% of fat people thought their body was round form. They thought current ideal body size was bigger in height and bust girth and smaller in waist girth and hip girth, and weight than real body size. Also they responded ideal body shape was an hourglass type independent of somatotype. The pursuit of clothing image was that 45.5% of female collegians were fashionable and raffine and 10.4% of female collegians was elegant and graceful. Among the body area, body parts that may have an effect on body image were body length in 13.1% of the respondents, waist girth in 10.7% of the respondents, and hip girth in 10.0% of the respondents.

A Study on the Association between Sasang Constitutions and Body Composition in Teenagers (청소년의 사상체질과 체성분과의 상관성에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Jong-Won;Hong, Sang-Hoon
    • Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.132-142
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    • 2000
  • Purpose In Sasang Constitution Medicine, persons are divided into four types such as Taeyangin, Taeumin, Soyangin and Soeumin according to their appearance, moral nature and characteristic of constitutional symptoms. In teenager group, diagnosis of constitution based on their appearance was so difficult that we adopted new diagnostic method which measures and compares body compositions. Methods 180 middle school students who live in Pusan were studied from 20th of March, 1999 to 20th of March, 2000. After practicing Questionnaire(I), QSCC(Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution) I , QSCCII, we have measured the height and body compositions with Inbody 3.0, five times. Results 1. The results of Sasang Constitution analysis showed 91 students were classified as Taeumin(50.3%), 75 as Soyangin(41.4%), 14 as Soeumin(7.7%), and 1 as Taeyangin(0.6%). 2. The level of total body water, muscle area, BMR(Basal Metabolic Rate), BCM(Body Cell Mass), and AMC(Arm Muscle Circumference) were increased during spring and summer. That of body weight, fat body weight, fat body weight ratio, waist hip ratio, and BMI(Body Mass Index were increased during fall and winter. 3. In Taeumin and Soyangin groups, the changed capacity of total body water, muscle area and BMR were increased with statistical significance. 4. Waist hip ratio of Soeumin group was reduced more than those of Taeumin, Soyangin groups with statistical significance.

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A Study on the Body Proportion of Children (유아의 신체 비율에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, In-Ryu;Bang, Hey-Kyong
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.1-5
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    • 2005
  • The objective of this paper is to provide fundamental data to establish measuring system of clothing that is more accurate. For the objective, stature and ration of height items, stature and ratio of circumference item, stature and ratio of length item on the children are investigated to obtain the interrelation of each item. Data for the research are selected from 52 people of 6 years old on boys and 49 people of 6 years old on girls who dwell in Seoul. The results of the research are as follows. Because ratio of the body on the stature of children is different from ratio of the adult, the same method for the adult cloth is not appropriate when producing the cloth of the children. observing the interrelation of each measurement item, measurement system of the children cloth that is indicated by the stature and the breast circumference, the stature and the waist circumference is not reasonable. Because the value of correlation of back length and circumference item was, it is not suitable that the back length is graded by the breast circumference when producing the cloth of the children.

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The Effect of Regular Exercise on the Level of Blood Lactate and LDH Production in College Women (운동습관이 혈액중 젖산농도 및 LDH 생성에 미치는 영향)

  • 남정혜
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.355-359
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study was to compare the level of blood glucose and lactate and also plasma LDH production of college women in relation to exercise. College female student which majored athletics (E, exercise group, n=43) were recruited and compared with college women (Control group, n=60). Anthropometric measurements, triceps skinfold thickness were measured of two groups. And body fat mass and waist and hip circumferences were measured and the concentrations of plasma glucose, lactic acid and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) were also assayed. Average height and weight of E group were slightly higher than that of control group. but there is no difference in body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ratio (WHR) between two groups. The percentage of body fat and body fat mass(kg) in E group was slightly lower than that of control group. Plasma glucose and LDH levels of E group were higher than those of control group, and plasma lactic acid concentration was significantly increased.

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The Nutritional Status of the Female Elderly Residents in Nursing Home -I. Nutritional and Biochemical Health Status- (사회복지 시설 여자 노인의 영양 건강 상태 -I. 영양소 섭취량 및 생화학적 건강상태-)

  • 송요숙
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.28 no.11
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    • pp.1100-1116
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    • 1995
  • Nutritional and health status was assessed in the 86 healthy elderly women who aged 65 through 96 and resided in nursing home in chonbuk area. Nutritional status was determined by dietary intake, anthropometric and hematological indices and hair elements. Correlation analysis among nutritional indices were performed to identify the factors which related specifically to nutritional status of the elderly. Nutrients intake below two-thirds of the RDA were Ca, riboflavin and niacin. Especially mean Ca intake was only 51.9% of RDA and most of nutrients intake were decreased as theri age increased. Height, body weight and mid upper arm circumference were decreased with age but W/H ratio did not differ among age groups. These data suggested that body fat accumulation did not change with age but lean body mass was decreased with age in the elderly. Waist circumference was positively correlated to dietary fat intake, and body weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences and total body fat were positively correlated with serum LDC/HDL ratio. It could be concluded anthropometric indices were good indicator that reflect the lipid nutritional status in elderly women. Hematological indices, Hb, RBC, MCH, albumin, globulin, transferrin levels, belonged to normal ranges of aged women. However, the lowest Hb level showed in the oldest-old group(aged 85 and over years group). The avalilavilty of hair analysis to measure nutritional status was tested. There were not found any significant correlations between many kinds of nutritional indices and hair elements except hair Zn content which was positively correlated with BMI.

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A Co- mparision of Normocholesterolemia and Hypercholesterolemia in Middle-Aged Men in Kwang-ju (광주지역 중년남성의 정상콜레스테롤혈증군과 고콜레스테롤혈증군의 비교)

  • 허영란;임현숙
    • Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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    • v.2 no.3
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    • pp.327-337
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    • 1997
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in anthropometric, hematologic, and lipidologic data between normocholesterolemia and hypercholesterolemia and influencing factors in hypercholesterolemia in middle-aged men in Kwang-ju. 179 middle-aged men were involved. Anthropometric data(body weight, height, body circumferences and skinfold thickness) and hematologic data(blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, albumin and hemoglobin) were measured. Bleed lipid profile(total cholesterol, tr- iglyceride, phospholipid, HDI-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol) were analyzed. To determined using questionnaire. The subjects were classified as hypercholesterolemic based on The Guideline for Korean Hyperlipidemia. body mass index, systolic blood pressure, waist and hip circumference, and triceps, subcostal, abdomen, subscapular and suprailliac skinfold thicknesses of the hypercholesterolemic group were significantly higher than in the normocholesterolemic group. The concentrat- ion of cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipod. HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and VLDL -cholesterol of the hypercholesterolemic group were significantly higher than normocholesterolemic group. The concentration of cholesterol has a significantly positive correlation with body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, waist/thigh ratio and skinfold thickness(triceps, subcostal, abdomen, and supraillic skin- fold thickness). The general tendency of socioeconomec status, frequencyu of meat intake, smoking amounts and duration and duration and drinking frequencies and amount were higher in the hypercholesteolemic group but not significant. In conclusion, hypercholesterolemia in middle-aged men was closely correlated with upper body fat obesity and most of them had an accompanied high triglyceride level tendency.

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The relation of the Eating Behavior and fasting serum Insulin and Lipids in Middle-aged Men (중년 남성의 식생활행동과 혈청 인슐린 및 지질성분과의 관계에 관한 연구)

  • 김성미;김희순
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.53-66
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    • 1995
  • The purpose of this research is to investigate how obesity and eating behavior are related to the concentration of serum insulin and lipids and blood pressure of middle-aged men The sample for this study utilizes 240 middle-aged men between th4 age of 40 and 60 living in the city of Kumi. Through a process of anthropometry and categorization by relative body weight, the sample is devide into two groups, the obese group (51 men) and the normal group (129 men). The results of the study were as follows : 1111111. The men from the obese group with the exception of height, subs-capular/triceps skinfold girth ratio(STR) had a higher level of body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumference, waist/hip girth ratio(WHR), subscapular and triceps skinfold thickness than the normal group (P=0.0001). 2. In comparing the serum insulin and lipids between the obese and normal group, the obese group had a higher level of insulin and triglyceride (P=0.016, P=0.050) but a lower concentration of HDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol (P=0.034, P=0.004). Also, the obese group had a higher level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P=0.001, P=0.029). When looking at the relationship between the serum insulin and lipids and anthropometric measurements, the relationship between waist/hip girth ratio(THR), the concentration of fasting serum insulin and lipids were stronger than the obesity index, body mass index(BMI). 3. Men who exercised regularly had a lower total cholesterol and systolic blood pressure 9P=0.049, P=0.041), and a higher level of HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol (P=0.004). There was no observable relationship between the food habit score, the preference for fiber foods, and the concentration of serum lipids. Also, the concentration of serum lipids had no apparent effect on the preference for salty, sweet, and greasy foods.

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