• CELLMED
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• v.13 no.14
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• pp.16.1-16.14
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• 2023

Objective: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurodevelopment disorder attributed to an insult or injury to the developing brain with abnormalities in muscular tone, movement and motor skill. Improvement in quality of life and ameliorating symptoms can be achieved. Therefore, this case report details a distinctive approach to treating a 5-year-old male child with quadriplegic spastic cerebral palsy utilizing Unani treatment modalities. Methods: The treatment regimen commenced with 'Habb Ayarij for constipation followed by Sharbat Ustukhuddus administered orally. Notably, Sharbat Ustukhuddus was combined with Melia Azedarach L. leaves vapour bath. Subsequently, Roghan Babunna douche was performed followed by Dalk Layyin andcontinued until symptomatic improvement was observed. Majun Falasfa, Khamira Marwareed and Khameera Gauzaban were administered for 30 days. The therapeutic outcome included anthropometrical measurements, developmental milestones, spasm/reflex scale, and muscle power grading. Results and conclusion: Over the course of a 2-year follow-up, several clinical findings emerged. These included notable improvements in anthropometric measurements, developmental milestones such as improved head control and sitting ability, and a reduction in spasticity of the upper limbs, along with decreased muscle spasms. The therapeutic outcome of this individualized and holistic approach is potentially due to the multifaceted properties of medicinal plants (Musakkin wa Muharrik wa Muqawwi-i- A'sab wa Dimāgh, Munawwim, Dafi-i-Tashannuj, Muqawwi-i-Qalb-i-Ruh). Furthermore, the use of Dalk and Naṭūl was instrumental in providing nourishment to musculoskeletal cells and initiating intracellular signaling cascades. While these findings are encouraging, further research in the form of case series andrandomized controlled trials is warranted to validate the efficacy of this unique holistic approach.

• Mycobiology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2012

This research is concerned with the fungicidal properties of nano-size silver colloidal solution used as an agent for antifungal treatment of various plant pathogens. We used WA-CV-WA13B, WA-AT-WB13R, and WA-PR-WB13R silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at concentrations of 10, 25, 50, and 100 ppm. Eighteen different plant pathogenic fungi were treated with these AgNPs on potato dextrose agar (PDA), malt extract agar, and corn meal agar plates. We calculated fungal inhibition in order to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of silver nanoparticles against pathogens. The results indicated that AgNPs possess antifungal properties against these plant pathogens at various levels. Treatment with WA-CV-WB13R AgNPs resulted in maximum inhibition of most fungi. Results also showed that the most significant inhibition of plant pathogenic fungi was observed on PDA and 100 ppm of AgNPs.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.2877-2883
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• 2010

The folding kinetics of $WT^*$ ubiquitin variant with valine to alanine mutation at sequence position 26 (HubWA) was studied by stopped-flow fluorescence spectroscopy. While unfolding kinetics showed a single exponential phase, refolding reaction showed three exponential phases. The semi-logarithmic plot of urea concentration vs. rate constant for the first phase showed v-shape pattern while the second phase showed v-shape with roll-over effect at low urea concentration. The rate constant and the amplitude of the third phase were constant throughout the urea concentrations, suggesting that this phase represents parallel process due to the configurational isomerization. Interestingly, the first and second phases appeared to be coupled since the amplitude of the second phase increased at the expense of the amplitude of the first phase in increasing urea concentrations. This observation together with the roll-over effect in the second folding phase indicates the presence of intermediate state during the folding reaction of HubWA. Quantitative analysis of Hub-WA folding kinetics indicated that this intermediate state is on the folding pathway. Folding kinetics measurement of a mutant HubWA with hydrophobic core residue mutation, Val to Ala at residue position 17, suggested that the intermediate state has significant amount of native interactions, supporting the interpretation that the intermediate is on the folding pathway. It is considered that HubWA is a useful model protein to study the contribution of residues to protein folding process using folding kinetics measurements in conjunction with protein engineering.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2013

This study is the study desiring to solve the problem by utilizing the kinds of recycled resources considered to be troubled complementarily. Namely the reaction of potential hydraulicity of Blast Furnace Slag Powder (BS) shall be reacted with the alkali of Recycled Fine Aggregates Coarse Aggregate, it has been experimented to obtain the optimum value with the replacement ratio of incineration plant ash (WA) treated with the slaked lime as the experiment variable by solving the alkali of shortage with the Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). As a result, the liquidity and the air volume are declined slightly as the replacement ratio of incineration plant ash WA increases, the mixture of incineration plant ash WA 1% has been analyzed to be the most suitable considering the viewpoint of effective handling of waste as the compression and the tensile strength showed the maximum value before and after 1% even though it was disadvantageous with the increase of chloride content.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.263-267
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• 2013

This paper describes the progress and the plan of 'Wide Area Differential GPS (WA-DGPS) Development' project supported by Korean Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. The project develops the main algorithms of the WA-DGPS which guarantees the improved accuracy, availability, and integrity all over the Korean peninsula. After the establishment of WA-DGPS ground infrastructure system, a real-time demonstration using pseudolite installed on the ground will be conducted in the final year. Also, the development of Korean Satellite-based Augmentation System (SBAS) is expected to be started from 2014, and the algorithms and the results in the WA-DGPS project will be used in the SBAS development.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.317-323
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• 2014

Odyssey, one of the NASA's Mars exploration program and SELENE (Kaguya), a Japanese lunar orbiting spacecraft have a payload of Gamma-Ray Spectrometer (GRS) for analyzing radioactive chemical elements of the atmosphere and the surface. In these days, gamma-ray spectroscopy with a High-Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector has been widely used for the activity measurements of natural radionuclides contained in the soil of the Earth. The energy spectra obtained by the HPGe detectors have been generally analyzed by means of the Window Analysis (WA) method. In this method, activity concentrations are determined by using the net counts of energy window around individual peaks. Meanwhile, an alternative method, the so-called Full Spectrum Analysis (FSA) method uses count numbers not only from full-absorption peaks but from the contributions of Compton scattering due to gamma-rays. Consequently, while it takes a substantial time to obtain a statistically significant result in the WA method, the FSA method requires a much shorter time to reach the same level of the statistical significance. This study shows the validation results of FSA method. We have compared the concentration of radioactivity of $^{40}K$, $^{232}Th$ and $^{238}U$ in the soil measured by the WA method and the FSA method, respectively. The gamma-ray spectrum of reference materials (RGU and RGTh, KCl) and soil samples were measured by the 120% HPGe detector with cosmic muon veto detector. According to the comparison result of activity concentrations between the FSA and the WA, we could conclude that FSA method is validated against the WA method. This study implies that the FSA method can be used in a harsh measurement environment, such as the gamma-ray measurement in the Moon, in which the level of statistical significance is usually required in a much shorter data acquisition time than the WA method.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.771-780
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• 2018

To develope a microbial weed control agent, HCN-producing bacteria were isolated, and their characteristics were investigated. A selected strain of WA15 was identified as Pseudomonas koreensis by morphological, cultural, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene analyses. The conditions for HCN production was investigated by a One-Variable-at-a-Time (OVT) method. The optimal HCN production conditions were tryptone 1%, glycine 0.06%, NaCl 1%, and an initial pH and temperature of 5.0 and $30^{\circ}C$, respectively. The major component for HCN production was glycine. Under optimal conditions, HCN production was about 3 times higher than that of the basal medium. The WA15 strain had physiological activities, such as indoleacetic acid that was associated with the elongation of plant roots and siderophore and ammonification inhibiting fungal growth, and produced hydrolytic enzymes, such as cellulase, pectinase and lipase. The strain was able to inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic fungi, such as Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum, by the synergistic action of volatile HCN and diffusible antimicrobial compounds. A microscopic observation of R. solani that was teated with the WA15 strain showed morphological abnormalities of fungal mycelia, which could explain the role of the antimicrobial metabolites that were produced by the WA15 strain. The volatile HCN produced by the WA15 strain was also found to have insecticidal activity against termites. Our results indicate that Pseudomonas koreensis WA15 can be applied as a microbial agent for weed control and also as a termite repellent. Furthermore, it could be applied as a microbial termiticidal agent to replace synthetic insecticides.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.131-141
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• 1991

Treating 12-O-tetradecanoyIphorboI 13-acetate -TPA) or platelet~derived growth factor(PDGF), the signal transduction of protein Idnase C (PKC) is occurred by the phosphoryladon. However the targeting proteins phosphorylated by PKC were found to be different proteins in molecular weights when WA or PDGF wa~ treated to the myoblast. In the WA-treated myoblast cells, the protein of Mr. 20 I(d was phosphorylated. In the PDGF-treated cells, the protein of Mr. 40 Kd was phosphrylated, while the protein of Mr. 20 Kd which phosphorylated in the WA-treatment was dephosphorylated. These results indicate that not only WA and PDGF &e different in activating the signal transduction pathways, but also they may involve in the down reguladon of PI(C during the long-term treatment But PDGF gave rise more rapidly down reguladon than in the case of WA. Using immunocytochemical approach, two disdnct PKC isozymes, PKC II and PKC III, have been localized in cytoplasm and both cytoplasm and nuclsolus, respectively. Ther'efore, the expression of two types of PKC in the myoblast suggests that the isozymes of PKC may involve in each different pathway of signal transduction or down-reguladon.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.113-122
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• 2023

This study was conducted on the premise of the development of cultural products using relic assets of traditional culture in a knowledge and information society led by culture and soft power. It was conducted in the context of exploring the possibility of cultural content products of Wa-Dang relics excavated from traditional architecture in the Unified Silla Period and expanding the scalability of commercialization motifs that are highly useful in jewelry design. First, the original form, material, use, size, meaning, and formative aesthetics of Wa-Dang were identified through literature and media research. Among the considered Wa-Dang, 10 types of Wa-Dang which represent the category and have values in modules and patterns were selected, and, then, circular images were extracted and modularized with a "formal simplification technique." Based on the "mathematical symmetry analysis technique," which is a method of systematizing pattern composition arrangement format. we derived a planar formative element that can be used in the development of the cultural content industry and jewelry design. In order to expand its usability in the jewelry industry in the future, it was presented as a 2D digital image. In the future, we hope more studies on the various cultural content industry utilizing the traditional culture will be carried out.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.295-301
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• 2012

This study was carried out to determine the biological activities of Wa-song (Orostachys japonicus) hot water extracts. Four types of extract samples were prepared, including Wa-song, traditional plants mixture [PM; mixture of Baekbokryung (Poria cocos), Changchul (Atractylodis rhizoma), and Sa-in (Amomum xanthoides)], and two different ratio composites of these (mixture of PM and Wa-song extract, 1:1 (v/v); PMO-1 and 1:3 (v/v); PMO-3). Their biological activities were measured using various in vitro assays. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of PM were higher compared to those of Wa-song, and those of PMO-1 were higher than those of PMO-3. Further, PMO-1 contained higher ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power, and nitrite scavenging activities than PMO-3. On the contrary, PMO-3 contained higher tyrosinase and inhibitory activities of MCF-7 and HT-29 cancer cells than PMO-1. According to the results, biological activities of PMOs were significantly higher than those of Wa-song extract and PM in in vitro assays. Therefore, we expect that PMOs could show higher biological activities than Wa-song extract alone in vivo.