• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.102.1-102
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• 2001

In this work, extensions to partial least squares (PLS) for wastewater treatment (WWT) process monitoring are discussed. Conventional data gathered by monitoring WWT systems are usually time varying, high dimensional, correlated and nonlinear, PLS has been shown to be an efficient approach in modeling and monitoring high dimensional and correlated data. To represent dynamic and nonlinear features of the data several kinds of dynamic nonlinear PLS (DNLPLS) models have been proposed. However, the complexity and ambiguity of the models make them unsuitable for WWT monitoring, Recently, dynamic fuzzy PLS (DFPLS) was proposed ...

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.33-47
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• 2021

최근 빅데이터에 기반한 교육의 활성화가 요구됨에 따라, 이 연구에서는 2015 개정 과학과 교육과정에서 '태양계', '별과 우주' 내용 요소를 중심으로, WWT 빅데이터를 활용한 천문교육 STEAM 프로그램을 개발하고, 이에 대한 효과성을 알아보고자 무선 표집된 1개의 중학교 176명의 학생들에게 이를 적용하여 창의적 문제해결, STEAM 태도 및 STEAM 만족도를 분석하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 천문 데이터 시각화 플랫폼인 WWT(World Wide Telescope) 빅데이터를 활용하여 학생들이 적극적이고 자발적으로 학습에 참여할 수 있도록 프로그램을 개발하였다. 둘째, 창의적 문제해결 측정 검사의 사전·사후 점수 차에 의한 대응표본 t 검정에서 '과제집중' 구인을 제외한 '아이디어 수정', '이미지화', '비유', '아이디어 생성', '정교성' 구인에서 유의미한 통계적 검정 결과(p < .05)를 얻었다. 셋째, STEAM 태도 검사의 사전·사후 점수 차에 의한 대응표본 t 검정에서는 '배려', '유용성·가치 인식' 구인을 제외한 '흥미', '소통', '자아 개념', '자아 효능감', '이공계 진로선택' 구인에서 유의미한 통계적 검정 결과(p < .05)를 얻었다. 넷째, STEAM 프로그램 적용 후에 실시한 STEAM 만족도 검사에서는 하위구인들의 평균값의 범위가 3.16 ~ 3.90으로, WWT 빅데이터를 활용한 STEAM 프로그램을 통해 학생들의 과학교과에 대한 이해와 관심이 향상되었음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.419-426
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• 1992

After the virtual eradication of cattle during World War II, Papua New Guinea herds were rebuilt with Shorthorn and Aberdeen Angus cattle from Australia. These, and Red Sindhi and Sahiwal, imported in 1952, were considered unsuitable breeds. In 1954, Department of Agriculture, Stock and Fisheries imported three Brahman bulls and three heifers from Texas and in 1960 began importations of Afrikaner from Queensland. In Central Province, Brahmans were crossed with Angus and at Erap (Morobe) the hottest place in Papua New Guinea, Shorthorns were crossed with Afrikaners. In 1965, Brahman and Brahman-cross were sent to Erap. Records of breeding and growth rates were collected for use in upgrading in cattle of the basis of performance, not pedigree. The data are not ideal for genetic analysis, since no control groups were maintained. Birth weights (BWT), weaning weights (WWT) and calving intervals (CI) were analysed for the period 1969-1978. After exclusion of unsatisfactory data, 2,514 calf records were used, including both breeds from 1969 to 1973, but only Brahman-cross subsequently. Breed mean BWT ranged only from 30.6 to 33.8 kg. As Brahman content increased, BWT decreased and WWT increased; within a genotype, there was a negative maternal effect of high Brahman content on BWT and a positive effect on WWT which ranged from 138 to 174 kg. Afrikaner calves had heavier BWT but lighter WWT. As expected, bulls were heaviest, heifers lightest and mature cows bore and reared heavier calves. Calving interval (405 days, equivalent to 90% calving) was unaffected by breed but 4-year old cows averaged 423 days. Breed differences in BWT and WWT are consistent with the body of literature on performance of Brahmans and Afrikaners. Since cattle tick are not present and internal parasites are insignificant at Erap, the superiority of Brahmans indicates that they were better at utilizing the mediocre quality grazing of the Markham Valley or were more heat tolerant. Performance selection over ten years resulted in the virtual elimination of Afrikaners, with the final genotype approximately 9/16 Brahman, 3/8 Shorthorn and 1/16 Afrikaner.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.1390-1393
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• 2006

Data spread over 11 years (1986-1996) pertaining to a synthetic population developed by inter se mating of half-breds of Corriedale and Russian Merino with Nali maintained at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar were utilized for the estimation of genetic parameters for growth traits. The means for birth weight (BWT), weaning weight (WWT), six month body weight (SWT), yearling weight (YWT), preweaning daily gain (PRW) and post weaning daily gain (POW) were 3.35 kg, 10.79 kg, 13.28 kg, 18.96 kg, 82.6 gm and 27.6 gm, respectively. The effects of year and season of birth and sex of lamb were significant for all the traits under study except the effect of season of birth for WWT, SWT and PRW. No definite trend was observed over the years for the averages of body weight and gain. Lambs born during the spring season performed better for BWT, WWT and PRW while the performance of lambs born during autumn was better for the other traits included in the study. The male lambs were heavier than the females for body weight at all stages and gain in weight. The heritability estimates for WWT and PRW were low; for BWT and SWT were moderate and for YWT and POW were high. Birth weight had high heritability and high genetic correlations with subsequent body weights and gains but due to the presence of a maternal effect on BWT and WWT, a sequential selection procedure is recommended for the improvement of growth rate in sheep.

• 환경기술인
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• 제21권통권213호
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• pp.22-24
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• 2004

• 한국환경생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경생물학회 2003년도 학술대회
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• pp.92-97
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• 2003

Community structure of macrobenthos was studied on Angol clam farming ground of Chinhae Bay in the southern coast of Korea. Macrobenthos samples were collected monthly using a quadrate at each station from March 1998. Macrobenthos samples were seived by 1.0mm mesh seive. Mean grain size was 0.267 mm. A total of 111 macrobenthos species were sampled with a mean density of 1,651ind/m$^2$and biomass of 1466.7wwt.g/m$^2$. Annelida was density-dominant faunal group with a mean density of 818ind/m$^2$, comprising of 49.6% of the total density of the macrobenthos. It was followed by Mollusca with 660ind/m$^2$(40.0%). Mollusca was biomass-dominant faunal group. Major dominant species in the number of individual were Ruditapes philippinarum (375ind/m$^2$), Batillaria cumingi (208ind/m$^2$), Cirrformia tentaculata (167ind/m$^2$), Ceratonereis erithraeensis (151ind/m$^2$), Capitella capitata (111ind/m$^2$) and Sigambra tentaculata (91ind/m$^2$). Major dominant species in the biomass were Ruditapes philippinarum (1156.6wwt.g/m$^2$), Batillaria cumingi (111.0wwt.g/m$^2$) and Cyclina sinenis (106.2wwt.g/m$^2$). The species diversity was increased gradually during the study period. Increasing of species diversity was due to not only increasing of number of species but also decreasing of dominance of some polycheates. Contents of silt-clay was increased gradually in the intertidal zone.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2016

In this study, we researched the characteristics of $CH_4$ and $N_2O$ emission of the wastewater treatment (WWT) process in the dairy industry. For flux measurements at the air-water interface, a floating dynamic flow-through chamber was used above the water surface. $CH_4$ and $N_2O$ concentration from the WWT process was measured by NDIR (Non-Dispersive Infrared) Analyser. In the study, $CH_4$ and $N_2O$ fluxes results showed a distinct difference for each WWT process. 60% of the GHG emissions which was the highest percentage were from the equalization tank. Reactor tank was second with 27% of the total emissions from the WWT. Aeration tank was third with 12% of the total emissions. The tendency was that the more the wastewater was treated, the less GHGs were emitted. $CH_4$ and $N_2O$ showed the same tendency. This indicates that the concentrations and properties of wastewater could affect the tendency.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.567-570
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• 1995

Data from 178 Jersey calves born at Livestock Experiment Station were analyzed to obtain estimates of heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations of some growth traits. Sex-specific variance and covariance components were estimated for birth weight (BWT), 180-d weight (WWT), 365-d weight (YWT), birth to weaning daily gain (BWG), weaning to yearling daily gain (WYG) and brith to yearling gain (BYG). Heritabilities, genetic and phenotypic correlations were generally higher in males than females. Heritabilities estimated for males and females respectively were 0.98 and 0.49 for BWT; 0.70 and 0.76 for WWT; 0.71 and 0.26 for YWT. Genetic correlations were higher than phenotypic correlations in all the treats studied.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.80-92
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• 1999

남해안에 위치한 앵강만의 저서동물 군집 구조파악을 목적으로 1994년 10월, 1995년 1월, 5월 및 8월에 앵강만 내에 18 개 정점을 설정하고 저서동물을 조사하였다. 조사결과 총 233 종의 저서동물이 채집되었으며, 이 가운데 다모류가 90 종, 갑각류가 66 종 및 연체동물이 46 종이었다. 평균 밀도는 1,358 개체/$m^2$였으며, 다모류가 874 개체/$m^2$로서 가장 우점하였으며 전체 밀도의 64%를 차지하였다. 습중량은 262.0 gWWt/$m^2$였으며, 극피동물이 137.8 gWWt/$m^2$로서 전체 습중량의 52.6%를 차지하였다. 출현종수, 밀도 및 습중량은 앵강만 동측에 위치한 정점들에서는 비교적 높은 값을 나타냈으나, 서측에 위치한 정점들에서는 상대적으로 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 주요 우점종으로서는 석회관갯지렁이인 Ditrupa arientina, 실타래갯지렁이류인 Tharyx sp. 그리고 굴족류인 Fustaria nipponica였는데 각각 밀도가 245 개체/$m^2$, 166 개체/$m^2$ 및 132 개체/$m^2$였다. D. arientina와 F. nipponica는 앵강만 입구역에서 밀도가 높았으며, Tharyx sp.는 앵강만 중앙부 해역에서 밀도가 높았다. 집괴분석 결과 앵강만은 내만에 1 개 정점군, 만 중앙부에 2 개 정점군, 그리고 만 입구에 2 개 정점군으로 구성되어 있으며, 이들은 앵강만의 저서동물 분포특성을 잘 반영하고 있다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.560-571
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• 1994

1989년 5월부터 1990년 7월까지 1년동안 조사한 인천 인근 동춘동에 위치하는 척전지역 간석지산 맛조개의 성장율과 생물 생산량은 다음과 같다. 조사된 맛조개의 연평균 생체량은 $256.3g\;WWt/m^2$, 연평균 개체수는 101 개체/$m^2$이며, 연평균 성장율은 $1.39\;yr^{-1}$이었다. 성장율은 새로 가입된 0세 연급군에서 높게 나타났으며, 주로 패각의 성장이 $1.35\;yr^{-1}$로 성장율에 영향을 미치고 있다. 맛조개의 연간 생물생산량은 건조중량으로 $2.83g\;DWt/m^2/yr$이며, 습중량에 의한 생산량은 $33.22g\;WWt/m^2/yr$, 패각 생산량은 $6.28g\;WWt/m^2/yr$, 유기물 생산은 $1.80g\;AFDWt/m^2/yr$로 나타났다. 맛조개의 연간 생산량(습중량) 중에서 수분이 $72.6\%$, 패각은 $18.9\%$, 육질 건중량이 $8.5\%$, 유기물이 $5.4\%$, 회분(灰分, ash)은 $3.1\%$를 차지하고 있으며, 이러한 비율은 연급군별로 거의 유사하게 나타나고 있다. 맛조개의 생물량 회전율(P/B ratio)은 건중량으로 계산했을 때 $0.20yr^{-1}$이며, 맛조개 개체군의 생체량이 같은 양의 생체량으로 교환되는데 걸리는 회전시간은 약 5.00년으로 추정되었다. 그러나 순수유기물의 회전율은 $0.07yr^{-1}$이고, 회분의 경우 $0.13yr^{-1}$으로 유기물보다 매우 빠른 회전율을 나타내었다.