• 무역상무연구
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• 제77권
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• pp.91-112
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• 2018

Mediation is one of several alternatives to litigation or arbitration. It is the most informal of the alternatives and the only one that gives the parties control over the outcome. The mediator in mediation is there to help the parties persuade each other that it is in their best interests to settle. As several advantages of mediation, it is considered as the fastest way to resolve a dispute because procedures associated with litigation are not imported into the process. In mediation, the client's resources are focused on resolving the dispute as opposed to building armaments of evidence to buttress legal and factual positions. The AAA commercial mediation rules and operations in the USA are very successful owing to professional training for mediators and simple procedures for mediation to the public. Comparison with USA mediation, KCAB mediation system has several weak points. KCAB mainly deals with administrative matters related to Foreign Trade Law. Therefore, it is necessary for KCAB to come up with more improved international commercial mediation. For example, mediation should be promoted to the public as who easily rely on litigation or arbitration. Second, Setting a rule for easy access to mediation is needed by bench marking AAA's mediation guidelines and operations. Third, professional mediators should be developed by establishing relevant ADR course in law schools. This article investigated some differences of mediation system between KCAB in Korea and AAA in USA, and present some suggestions in order to promote International commercial mediation in KCAB.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2021

Purpose - This study examines the relationship between the global consumer's shopping value and the intent to purchase in many of today's emerging international malls. furthermore, the orientation of shopping will be examined to see if there is a significant mediating effect between the value of shopping and willingness to purchase in international shopping malls. Design/methodology - This study conducted a survey of Chinese travelers who had experience in visiting a shopping mall during their visit to Korea through an online panel research agency and received a total of 230 responses. To confirm the relationship with constructs, the structural equation model (SEM) was used to test hypothesis in this research. Findings - The study was to examine the relationship of the international consumers' shopping value to the purchase intention in shopping mall when they visit to other countries, and to find if there was any effect on the relationship between the shopping value of the shopping orientation and the willingness of the international shopping mall. Originality/value - By confirming the relationship between international consumers' shopping value and shopping orientation, this study proposed the theoretical implications for global consumers' shopping behavior. In addition, this result can affect the development of service programs for foreign consumers.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2007

This study was aimed to provide the controlled terminology for adverse drug reactions by selecting an appropriate internationally standardized classifications (WHO-ART or MedDRA). We collected the relevant information on ADR terminology systems including WHO-ART and MedDRA by online searching and visiting pharmaceutical companies and WHO UMC (Uppsala Monitoring Centre, Uppsala, Sweden). For MedDRA, project leader directly communicated with the officer of MSSO (Maintenance and Support Services Organization). Collecting all the pertinent information, two possible terminology classifications or systems (WHO-ART and MedDRA) were compared in the views of acceptability, cost-effectiveness and international feasibility and reviewed by the consultation committee and finally WHO-ART was selected.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.451-459
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• 2012

PCDDs(Polychlorinated dibenzo-$p$-dioxins) and PCDFs(polychlorinated dibenzofurans) are measured in soil of Yeungju and Sangju on North Gyeongbuk to investigate the risk assessment of dioxins. Dioxins are analyzed by HRGC/HRMS(high resolution gas chromatography - high resolution mass spectrometer). 2,3,7,8-T4CDD and 1,2,3,7,8-Pe5CDD in soil on Yeungju and Sangju are not detected. Also, 2,3,7,8-T4CDF is not detected in soil on Yeungju and Sangju. PCDDs and PCDFs in Yeungju soil are 1.957 pg/g and 0.294 pg/g, respectively. Total of dioxins in Yeungju soil are 2.251 pg/g. PCDDs and PCDFs in Sangju soil are 1.220 pg/g and 0.420 pg/g, respectively. Total of dioxins in Sangju soil are 1.640 pg/g. PCDDs and PCDFs in Yeungju soil are 0.0049 pg WHO-TEQ/g and 0.0123 pg WHO-TEQ/g, respectively. Total of dioxins with PCDDs and PCDFs in Yeungju soil are 0.0172 pg WHO-TEQ/g. PCDDs and PCDFs in Sangju soil are 0.0065 pg WHO-TEQ/g and 0.0213 pg WHO-TEQ/g, respectively. Total of dioxins with PCDDs and PCDFs in Sangju soil are 0.0278 pg WHO-TEQ/g. Amount for pg/g concentration unit of PCDDs is higher than amount of PCDFs in soil. But, WHO-TEQ of PCDFs is higher than WHO-TEQ of PCDDs in soil.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2024

The intracellular parasite Babesia microti is among the most significant species causing human babesiosis and is an emerging threat to human health worldwide. Unravelling the pathogenic molecular mechanisms of babesiosis is crucial in developing new diagnostic and preventive methods. This study assessed how priming with B. microti surface antigen 1 (BHSA 1) and seroreactive antigen 5-1-1 (BHSA 5-1-1) mediate protection against B. microti infection. The results showed that 500 ㎍/ml rBMSA1 and rBMSA5-1-1 partially inhibited the invasion of B. microti in vitro by 42.0±3.0%, and 48.0±2.1%, respectively. Blood smears revealed that peak infection at 7 days post-infection (dpi) was 19.6%, 24.7%, and 46.7% in the rBMSA1, rBmSA5-1-1, compared to the control groups (healthy mice infected with B. microti only), respectively. Routine blood tests showed higher white blood cell, red blood cell counts, and haemoglobin levels in the 2 groups (BMSA1 and BMSA5 5-1-1) than in the infection control group at 0-28 dpi. Moreover, the 2 groups had higher serum interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α and Interleukin-17A levels, and lower IL-10 levels than the infection control group throughout the study. These 2 potential vaccine candidate proteins partially inhibit in vitro and in vivo B. microti infection and enhance host immunological response against B. microti infection.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.259-273
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• 2017

본 연구는 "통상정보연구"의 1999년 창간호에서부터 제18권 4호(2016년 12월)까지 지난 18년간 게재된 논문에 대한 메타분석이다. "통상정보연구"에 2016년까지 수록된 논문은 총 1047편이다. 학문분야를 본다면 전자무역, 상품 및 서비스혁신, 지역통상정보, 통상법제도, 통상협상 순으로 논문이 많이 게재되었다. 20편 이상 논문을 게재한 저자들의 전공분야가 15가지가 넘으므로 "통상정보연구"는 다양한 전공분야의 학자들이 논문을 게재하고 있는 다학제적인 논문집이다. 저자는 대부분 대학 소속이었고 연구비 수혜 논문의 비중은 19.7%이다. "통상정보연구"에 그동안 5편 이상의 논문을 게재했던 저자는 총 46명인데 이들의 H-지수는 5.6이다. "통상정보연구"의 2016년 영향력지수(IF)는 1.02이므로 "통상정보연구"의 무역학계 영향력이 높다고 볼 수 있다. 2002년 이후 집계된 "통상정보연구" 게재 논문들의 핵심 키워드는 전자상거래, 인터넷, 서비스무역, 중국, 전자무역, 한류, FTA, 중소기업, 해외직접투자 등이다. 그 중에서도 전자무역, FTA, 중국 세 가지 키워드가 가장 자주 등장하였다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제12권
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• pp.133-162
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• 1999

The international sale transaction is in essence a sale of goods and presents all those commercial and legal problems in any sale of goods. As a result, A International sales contract imposes several duties on the parties : the seller must deliver the goods and transfer ownership in them, while the buyer must pay the price and take delivery of the goods. However, there are several problems which impede a active transaction between seller and buyer who have their places of business in other countries each other. Therefore, It is necessary to provide the concept on the conformity of goods in the Int'l Sale of Goods. Especially, In our consideration for the point of time when defects occurs, the existence of non-conformity of goods should be judged on the basis of time of delivery rather than time of contract. Moreover, The burden of proof about nonconformity of goods is another fact which make an international dispute between the contractual parties in an international trade. Thus, The consistency in the interpretation of law must be maintained betweened the warranty and seller's liability. In the Uniform Commercial Code and UN Convention, non-conformity of contract is made of contract liability. And in our civil and commercial law provisions of warranty should be understand as the special ones of the provisions of general non-performance of obligation liability. As a result, More concrete study of them is required because they may have a great influence especially on international trade. As a result, We should be our best in finding a helpful and systematic structure that the dualistic structure of nonperformance of obligation liability and warranty liability must be unified by studying the theories of English and American warranty and our legal system, as well as international practice and usage being used in an international trade.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.95-116
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• 2011

This study examines effects of Facebook on language learning in terms of facilitating interaction and collaboration by applying Facebook in a Korean language class. Forty one exchange students from seventeen countries who participated in the study used Facebook to exchange information and complete group projects. Results show that Facebook was effective in sharing class materials, engaging in class community and collaborating to complete assignments. Students also comment that socializing with peers was helpful, yet more activities and discussion to draw active participation is needed. This study also points out the important role of instructors who implement social media and manage the class.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2020

이 연구는 코로나 19 확산에 따른 WHO의 마스크 사용 지침에 대한 한국 보건당국의 이행 및 불이행 내용을 분석하고 그것의 원인과 대안 선택의 결과를 도출하여 전염병 예방에서 지침의 한계와 연구의 함의를 제시하는데 목표가 있다. 이를 위해 국내·외 마스크 관련 문헌들을 고찰하고 WHO의 마스크 지침과 한국 보건당국의 마스크 권고사항을 분석대상으로 한다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 한국의 보건당국은 두 차례의 권고 사항에서 WHO의 "제한된 마스크 사용자 관점"을 기본적으로 수용하고 적용해왔다. 둘째, 한국의 보건당국은 마스크 수급이 부족해지면서 WHO 마스크 지침과는 상이한 이행을 하였다. 셋째, 한국의 보건당국은 보편적 마스크의 필요성에 따른 마스크 공급 안정화를 기반으로 코로나 19 초기 방역에 성공할 수 있었다. 넷째, WHO 마스크 지침에서 마스크 사용자 제한은 결과론적으로 지침으로서의 부분적 오류를 드러냈다. 분석에서 도출된 함의는 의학적 근거에 따른 국제 지침일지라도 일단 감염병 팬데믹 상황에선 국제 규칙의 엄격한 준수보다 각국의 방역상황 및 역량에 따라 자율적인 지침을 따르도록 허용할 필요가 있다는 점이다.

• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2019

본 연구는 한국국제협력단(Korea International Cooperation Agency, KOICA)에서 주관하는 대학교 국제개발협력 이해증진사업이 대학생의 세계시민의식과 진로정체성, 진로준비행동 및 협력적 효능감에 미치는 효과를 확인하고자 수행되었다. 본 연구는 유사실험연구 설계를 적용하였으며, C시 소재 일개 대학교에서 국제개발협력의 이해 수업에 참여한 32명의 수강생 및 수업에 수강하지 않은 32명의 대조군을 대상으로 학기 초와 학기 말에 세계시민의식, 진로정체감, 진로준비행동, 그리고 협력적 효능감을 수집하였다. 연구 결과 국제개발협력의 이해 수업을 수강한 실험군의 세계시민의식(p=.003)과 진로준비행동(p=.013) 수준은 대조군에 비해 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 그러나 진로정체성(p=.385)과 협력적 효능감(p=.488)은 두 집단 간 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 본 연구는 국제개발협력의 이해수업의 효과를 확인하여 국제개발협력 이해증진사업의 방향을 제시하였다는 점에서 중요한 의의가 있다.