• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2020

Cooling by gas helium circulation can be used for various HTS (high temperature superconductor) magnets operating at 20~40 K, and a cryogenic blower is an essential device for circulating gas helium in the cooling system. The performance of the cryogenic blower is determined by various design parameters such as the impeller diameter, the blade number, the vane angle, the volute cross-sectional area, and the rotating speed. The trailing edge angle and the height of impeller vane are also key design factors in determining the blower performance. This study describes the design, fabrication and performance evaluation of cryogenic blower to produce a flow rate of 30 g/s at 5 bar, 35 K gas helium. The impeller shape is designed using a specific speed/specific diameter diagram and CFD analysis. After the fabrication of the cryogenic blower, a test equipment is also developed using a GM cryocooler. The measured flow rates and the pressure differences are compared with the design values at various rotating speeds and the results show a good agreement. Isentropic efficiency is also evaluated using the measured pressures and temperatures.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.750-757
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• 2005

The objective of this study is an understanding of the effect of inlet flow angle on the output power performance of a Francis hydraulic turbine, An optimum induced angle at the inlet of the turbine is one of the most important design parameters to have the best performance of the turbine at a given operating condition, In general. rotating speed of the turbine is varied with the change of water mass flowrate in a volute, The induced angle of the inlet water should be properly adjusted to the operating condition to have maximum energy conversion efficiency of the turbine, In this study. a numerical simulation was conducted to have detail understanding of the flow phenomenon in the flow path and output power of the model Francis turbine. The indicated power produced by the model turbine at a given operating condition was found numerically and compared to the brake power of the turbine measured by experiment at KIER. From comparison of two results, turbine efficiency or energy conversion efficiency of the model turbine was estimated. From the study, it was found that the rotating power of the turbine linearly increased with the rotating speed. It means that the higher volume flow rate supplied. the bigger torque on the turbine shaft generated. The maximum brake efficiency of the turbine is around 46$\%$ at 35 degree of induced angle. The difference between numerical and experimental output of the model turbine is defined as mechanical efficiency. The maximum mechanical efficiency of the turbine is around 93$\%$ at 25$\∼$30 degree of induced angle.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.207-214
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• 2015

해양온도차발전용 터빈의 효율과 크기를 파악하기 위해 R134a를 작동유체로 하고 출력 5 kW인 반경류형 터빈의 설계가 수행되었다. 터빈입구온도 $25^{\circ}C$, 출구 정압 4.9 bar, 질량유량 1.16 kg/s 로 설정하고 평균유동해석을 수행하여 터빈의 회전수와 주요 치수를 결정하였다. 이들을 바탕으로, 3 차원 터빈 모델을 구축하였으며, 도출된 터빈회전수 12,820 rpm에 대하여 전산유체역학(CFD) 소프트웨어 ANSYS CFX를 이용하여 볼류트와 노즐을 포함하는 터빈 내부 유동장 특성과 효율이 조사되었다. 80%이상의 터빈 효율이 적정 범위 내의 노즐 안내깃 수(10-15 개)에서 제시되었으며, 가장 높은 터빈 효율은 15 개의 안내 깃에서 나타났다.

• 소음진동
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.85-96
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• 1999

For ASME Code pumps in nuclear power plants, inservice test is required to assess the operational readiness in accordance with ASME code and related regulations. The objective of this study therefore, is to develop the technical background of the degradation of pump performances and conditions due to low flow rate operation. In addition. the detection techniques of pump operating conditions are to be developed to enhance the safety and economy of nuclear power plants. A test loop consisted of pump, motor. water tank, flow rate measurements and piping system with flow control devices was established for this study. Two typical pumps, 1-stage volute pump and 3-stage turbine pump, were selected and the test was performed upon two major point of views ; i.e., pump discharge pressure pulsations analysis and pump vibration spectrum analysis. From the test results, it is concluded that (1) the pump vibration affected by the natural frequency of operating pump is significant in the low frequency zone (around 1 Hz) : the vibration amplitude. especially. is an important factor during low flow rate operation. and shall be monitored to ensure that it is within the limit of ASME OM code Part 6, (2) the vibration frequency and pump discharge pressure are affected by vane pass frequency and running speed, (3) the wave phenomena due to the compressiblity of water is anticipated during low flow rate operation. and the pump system shall be designed to prevent it and. finally, (4) the technical background of the degradation of pump performances and conditions due to low flow rate operation is provided.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.599-605
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• 2013

원심펌프 작동유체의 점도변화에 따른 성능특성을 실험적인 방법으로 연구하였다. 비교적 비속도가 낮은 소형 원심펌프에 뉴턴유체인 설탕수용액과 글리세린수용액을 사용하여 작동유체의 점도를 변화시켜 가며 펌프성능시험을 수행한 후 전양정, 축동력 및 펌프의 효율을 청수의 경우와 비교 분석하여 얻은 결과는 다음과 같았다. (1) 전양정은 작동유체의 점도를 변화시킬 경우 청수에 비해 점도가 높아짐에 따라서 차단점에서의 양정은 극히 적은 변화를 보였으나, 유량이 증가함에 따라 양정의 감소하는 폭이 크게 나타났다. 따라서 유량-양정곡선(H-Q 곡선)의 기울기가 급해짐을 알 수 있었다. (2) 축동력은 작동유체의 점도가 청수에 비해 클수록 증가하였으며 차단점에서는 소요동력이 열로 소산되어 차이가 거의 없었으나, 유량이 증가할수록 축동력의 증가하는 폭이 커짐을 알 수 있었다.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.46-54
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• 2015

Thrust-ring-pump is a kind of extreme-low specific speed centrifugal pump with special structure as numerous restrictions from thrust bearing and operation conditions of hydro-generator units. Because the oil circulatory and cooling system with thrust-ring-pump has a lot of advantages in maintenance and compactness in structure, it has widely been used in large and medium-sized hydro-generator units. Since the diameter and the speed of the thrust ring is limited by the generator set, the matching relationship between the flow passage inside the thrust ring (equivalent to impeller) and oil bath (equivalent to volute) has great influence on hydrodynamic performance of thrust-ring-pump. On another hand, the head and flow rate are varying with the operation conditions of hydro-generator units and the oil circulatory and cooling system. As so far, the empirical calculation method is employed during the actual engineering design, in order to guarantee the operating performance of the oil circulatory and cooling system with thrust-ring-pump at different conditions, a collaborative hydrodynamic design and optimization is purposed in this paper. Firstly, the head and flow rate at different conditions are decided by 1D flow numerical simulation of the oil circulatory and cooling system. Secondly, the flow passages of thrust-ring-pump are empirically designed under the restrictions of diameter and the speed of the thrust ring according to the head and flow rate from the simulation. Thirdly, the flow passage geometry matching optimization between thrust ring and oil bath is implemented by means of 3D flow simulation and performance prediction. Then, the pumps and the oil circulatory and cooling system are collaborative hydrodynamic optimized with predicted head-flow rate curve and the efficiency-flow rate curve of thrust-ring-pump. The presented methodology has been adopted by DFEM in design process of thrust-ring-pump and it shown can effectively improve the performance of whole system.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.104-111
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• 2017

본 연구는 원심펌프 내부 유동장 특성에 대한 시뮬레이션 및 시각화에 중점을 둔다. 3D 수치해석은 Reynolds Average Navier-stock 코드를 k-${\varepsilon}$ 표준 2차방정식 난류 모델로 처리하여 수행하였다. 시뮬레이션은 흡입측, 임펠러, 토출측 영역에서 조도로 인한 마찰 손실과 임펠러 웨어링에서 체적 손실을 포함한다. 해석과 실험사이의 성능곡선 비교결과 최대 5 %의 작은 차이를 보이며 동일한 추세를 나타냈다. 최고 효율점에서 속도 벡터는 고르게 나타났지만 비 설계점에서는 현저한 변화가 나타났고, 텅 부근의 임펠러 유로토출부에서 강력한 재순환 영역이 나타났다. 비교적 일정한 압력분포가 텅 부근임에도 불구하고 임펠러 주위에 관찰되었다. 볼류트 내에서 기하학적으로 인해 형성된 나선형 와류가 이 영역에서 유동장이 상대적으로 난류이고 불안정하다는 것을 증명하였다.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.42-53
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• 2014

Phase resonance in Francis type hydraulic turbine is studied. The phase resonance is a phenomenon that the pressure fluctuation in the penstock of hydraulic turbine installation can become very large when the pressure waves from each guide vane caused by the interaction with the runner vane reach the penstock with the same phase. Experimental and numerical studies have been carried out using a centrifugal fan. In the present study, comparisons between the pump mode and the turbine mode operations are made. The experimental and numerical results show that the rotational direction of the rotor does not affect characteristics of the pressure fluctuation but the propagation direction of the rotorstator interaction mode plays an important role. Flow rate fluctuations through the stator are examined numerically. It has been found that the blade passing flow rate fluctuation component can be evaluated by the difference of the fluctuating pressure at the inlet and the outlet of the stator. The amplitude of the blade passage component of the pressure fluctuation is greater at the stator inlet than the one at the stator outlet. The rotor-stator interaction mode component is almost identical at the inlet and the outlet of the stator. It was demonstrated that the pressure fluctuation in the volute and connecting pipe normalized by the flow rate fluctuation becomes the same for pump and turbine mode operations, and depends on the rotational direction on the interaction mode.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제38권12호
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• pp.1065-1072
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 양흡입 원심블로어의 성능향상을 위하여 임펠러 스플리터의 형상 최적화 연구를 수행하였다. 두 개의 스플리터 형상 설계 변수(스플리터 코드 및 피치)를 선정하여 블로어 성능 및 내부 유동장 특성을 평가하였다. 수치해석에 의한 블로어 성능은 설계유량 조건에서 실험결과와 최대 4 % 이내로 잘 일치하였다. 스플리터 형상 최적화를 통하여 설계조건에서의 블로어 효율 및 압력은 기준 블로어 보다 3.65 % 및 1.14 % 각각 향상되었다. 스플리터 최적설계로 임펠러 날개 부압면의 유동박리를 억제시켜 익간 저속 유동에 의한 압력손실을 줄임으로써 블로어 전체의 성능이 향상되었다. 익간 내부유동 균일화는 임펠러 출구속도 분포에도 영향을 주어 볼류트케이싱 출구압력도 향상되었다.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 전산유동해석을 통해 송풍기에서 공급되는 공기가 덕트 배관과 원탄 선별망을 통과하며 발생하는 유동 편향을 분석하였다. 공기 유동의 유동 편향은 송풍기 볼류트 형상과 유로의 형상 특성으로부터 대부분 발생하며, 유로 내부의 정류망이나 출구의 원탄 선별망은 강력한 압력 손실을 발생시켜 유동 편향을 감쇠하는 효과를 초래한다. 전산유동해석은 ANSYS CFX 2022 R2를 사용하였으며, 정류망과 원탄 선별망은 작은 구멍 다수가 일정하게 분포되어있는 타공판 형상이기 때문에 실제 모델링을 통한 해석은 불가능하다. 따라서 Porous Loss Model을 적용하였다. 유동 편향의 평가는 전산유동해석 결과의 원탄 선별망 Porous Loss Model의 출구 면에 대한 속도 분포를 대상으로 분석하였다.