• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.140-148
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• 2016

This study aims to estimate the forest volumes of the economic forest in Gangwon Province of Republic of Korea (hereinafter referred to as Gangwon) through the synthetic estimation. To estimate the forest volume, Stratified systematic sampling method was used along with the forest type maps and the $5^{th}$ National Forest Inventory data. The synthetic estimation includes sample plots of the expanded areas as well as those of the target area, and the forest volume of economic forest in every city and county throughout Gangwon. Results show that the average forest volume calculated by synthetic estimation was $159.6m^3/ha$ in national economic forest and $129.6m^3/ha$ in private economic forest. The total forest volume of the national economic forest was approximately $59.45million\;m^3$, which was $20.18million\;m^3$ higher than that of the private economic forest. On the other hands, the standard error of the national economic forest was approximately ${\pm}2.21m^3/ha$, which was ${\pm}0.30m^3/ha$ lower than that of the private economic forest. The lowest standard errors was about ${\pm}3.12 m^3/ha$ in broad-leaved forest, followed by ${\pm}4.33m^3/ha$ of mixed forest, and ${\pm}5.78m^3/ha$ of coniferous forest.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.183-191
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 차종별 교통량 데이터와 연직 변위 데이터의 상관관계를 바탕으로 광안대교의 차종별 교통량 데이터를 이용한 연직 변위 추정 모델을 개발하였다. 추정 모델의 개발 과정에서 구조화 회귀 분석에 기반한 모델링 방법과 주성분 분석법에 기반한 모델링 방법이 적용되었으며, 각각의 방법으로 개발된 모델의 변위 추정 성능을 비교 분석하였다. 개발된 모델을 이용하여 추정된 변위는 실측 변위와 유사한 것으로 분석되었으며, 이로부터 차종별 교통량 데이터를 광안대교의 교통량 의존 변위 추정에 적용 가능한 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 구조화 회귀 분석에 기반한 모델과 주성분 분석에 기반한 모델의 변위 추정 성능은 상호간에 큰 차이가 없다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서 개발한 차종별 교통량 데이터를 이용한 연직 변위 추정 모델은, 광안대교의 교통하중에 따른 거동 분석 등에 유효하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.150-162
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• 2016

Objective: First-in-human dose estimation is an essential approach for successful clinical trials for drug development. In this study, we systematically compared first-in-human dose and human pharmacokinetic parameter estimation approaches. Methods: First-in-human dose estimation approaches divided into similar drug comparison approaches, regulatory guidance based approaches, and pharmacokinetic based approaches. Human clearance, volume of distribution and bioavailability were classified for human pharmacokinetic parameter estimation approaches. Results: Similar drug comparison approaches is simple and appropriate me-too drug. Regulatory guidance based approaches is recommended from US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) regarding no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) or minimum anticipated biological effect level (MABEL). Pharmacokinetic based approaches are 8 approaches for human clearance estimation, 5 approaches for human volume of distribution, and 4 approaches for human bioavailability. Conclusion: This study introduced and compared all methods for first-in-human dose estimation. It would be useful practically to estimate first-in-human dose for drug development.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.856-863
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• 1994

To develop a optimized method for educing the errors associated with the estimation of portion size of foods, fuzzy-dta processing of portion size was performed. Cooked-rice was chosen as a food item. The experiment was conducted in two parts. First, to study the conceptions of respondents to bowl size(large, medium, small), 11 bowls of different size and shape were used and measured the actual weights of cooked-rice. Second, to study the conceptions of respondents to volume(1, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4), 16 different volumes of cooked-rice in bowls of same size and shape were used. Respondents for this study were 31 graduate students. After collecting the data of respondents to size and volume, fuzzy sets of size and volume were produced. The critical values were calculated by defuzzification(mean of maximum method, center of area method). The differences of the weights of cooked-rice in various bowl size and volume between the critical values and the calculated values by average portion size using in conventional methods were compared. The results hows large inter-subject variation in conception to bowl size, especially in large size. However, conception of respondents to volume is relatively accurate. Conception to bowl size seems to be influenced by bowl shape. Considering that the new fuzzy set was calculated by cartesian product(bowl size and volume), bowl shape should be considered in estimation of bowl size to make more accurate fuzzy set for cooked-rice portion size. The limitations of this study were discussed. If more accurate data for size and volume of many other food items are collected by the increased number of respondents, reducing the errors associated with the estimation of portion size of foods and rapid processing will be possible by constructing computer processing systems.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2012

본 연구는 수간곡선식을 이용하여 아까시나무의 입목 수간재적표를 개발하고자 수행하였다. 이용한 수간곡선식은 Kozak 모형이었으며, 모형의 모수를 추정하였다. 추정한 모형은 통계적으로 적합성이 인정되었으며, 잔차분석 결과도 양호한 것으로 판정되었다. 따라서 본 모형이 아까시나무 수간재적표를 조제함에 있어 충분히 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 그리고 수간재적표는 이용자의 편의를 위하여 수피 포함 및 수피제외 재적표를 조제하고자, 수피두께추정식을 개발하여 이용하였다. 수피두께추정식 역시 통계적으로 유의성이 인정되었다. 따라서, 본 모형이 아까시나무 수간재적표를 조제함에 있어 충분히 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 또한, 국내에서 처음으로 개발한 아까시나무의 수간재적표는 임학뿐 만 아니라 타 분야에 널리 사용되기를 기대한다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.273-278
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• 1995

This study is to estimate the ventilation volume by the traffic that originated from driving automobiles for two tunnels (Kugi tunnel and Kumhwa tunnel) that adopted natural ventilation system among tunnels of Seoul, and on the basis of which, we estimated the ventilation velume at various conditions. With the result of the estimation, we will present the basic method that can be operated with the optimum condition for the ventilation system. Estimating the predicted ventilation volume in the tennel by the pollutant concentration, we used traffic volume and CO emission data by the automobile speed and CO concentration in the tunnel. And, when we estimated the traffic ventilation volume by natural and traffic ventilation force, we used traffic volume, automobile speed, tunnel area, automobile area data and so on. As the result of simple regression between predicted ventilation volume and traffic ventilation volume, we attained the regression coefficient 0.88, and achieved the relation form that predicted ventilation volume equal 0.12x traffic ventilation volume-92, 000. Using this equation, we estimated the ventilation volume to satisfy the enviromnental standards of several space, and calculated the required volume for mechanical ventilation. Incase of Kumhwa Tunnel, there is a need of mechanical ventilation all day long to satisfy air quality standard 9 ppm for 8 hours average and 10 ppm for the indoor air quality standard of public facilities.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.193-202
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• 2010

We investigate the estimation of the moisture transfer coefficients in porous media by optimization technique which minimizes the functional defined by the squares error of the numerical solution of an inverse diffusion problem from their experimental values of the moisture content at the some time-steps. In this paper, we solve a diffusion equation numerically by the control volume finite element methods.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.717-721
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• 2010

Soil volume conversion factors are used for estimation of an excavated the soil volume which will be removed or added in levelling the ground surface of a construction site. An accurate evaluation method will help us reduce a construction cost and time consuming. In this study, we performed the laboratory tests, including grain size measurement, water content, specific gravity, porosity, density and XRD tests, to suggest reliable soil volume conversion factors and weathering indices in field using nondestructive methods. The weathering index and soil volume conversion factor L are obtained for different types of soils. At results, the CIW index is the best method measuring the weathering index and the factor L is relative to natural porosity, void ratio, density and dry density.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2023

본 연구는 이동통신 로그 데이터를 통해 산출된 교통량 정보를 활용하여 기존 검지기에 준하는 교통량 정보를 추정하기 위해, 머신러닝의 앙상블 기법을 기반으로 하는 최적의 이동통신 기반 교통량 추정 모형을 개발하는 것이다. 이동통신 데이터를 통해 계측된 교통량 등의 정보와 VDS 실측 데이터를 활용하여 머신러닝 모형들을 통해 비교·분석한 결과, LightGBM 모형이 교통량 추정의 최적모형으로 선정되었다. 국도 1, 3, 6호선 검지영역 96개소를 대상으로 교통량 추정 모형의 성능을 평가한 결과, 전체 검지영역의 경우 MAPE 8.49로 교통량 추정 정확도가 91.51%로 분석되었다. VDS가 설치되지 않은 구간의 경우 교통량 추정 정확도는 92.6%로, VDS 설치가 어려운 구간에서도 LightGBM 교통량 추정 모형이 적용 가능하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.298-302
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• 2002

Equivalent volume estimation of the coupler and two coupled microphones has a key role in standard microphone pressure calibration. The equivalent volume of the microphone is determined by the dynamic characteristics of the diaphragm system and front cavity. Therefore the modal parameters of diaphragm system - natural frequency and damping fatter - should be measured explicitly for the estimation of the equivalent volume. The diaphragm system is composed of the vibrating diaphragm, back slit behind diaphragm, pressure equalization vent, and front cavity which are acoustically coupled. In the measurement, the electrostatic actuator was used to excite the system with the swept sine, and the frequency response was obtained. The close actuator in front of the diaphragm must influence the radiation impedance of the system, and then the modal parameters. From the measured frequency response, the natural frequency and the damping factor could be estimated with the Complex exponential method based on the Prony model and the zero crossing real and imaginary plot.