• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.197-203
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• 2012

Phosphorus removal during discharge of wastewater is required to achieve in a very high level because eutrophication occurs even at a very low phosphorus concentration. However, there are limitations in the traditional technologies in the removal of phosphorus at very low concentration, such as at a level lower than 0.1 mg/L. Through a series of experiments, a possible technology which can remove phosphate to a very low level in the final effluent of wastewater was suggested. At first Al, Zn, Ca, Fe, and Mg were exposed to phosphate solution by impregnating them on the surface of activated alumina to select the material which has the highest affinity to phosphate. Kinetic tests and isotherm tests on phosphate solution have been performed on four media, which are Ca-impregnated activated alumina, activated alumina, Ca-impregnated loess ball, and loess ball. Results showed that Ca-impregnated activated alumina has the highest capacity to adsorb phosphate in water. Scanning electron microscope image analysis showed that activated alumina has high void volume, which provides a large surface area for phosphate to be adsorbed. Through a continuous column test of the Ca-impregnated activated alumina it was discovered that about 4,000 bed volumes of wastewater with about 0.2 mg/L of phosphate can be treated down to lower than 0.14 mg/L of concentration.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.152-155
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• 2006

Central neurocytoma is a rare, well-differentiated neuronal tumor and is usually located in the lateral or third ventricle of young adults. The occurrence of an intraventricular tumor with a characterisitic magnetic resonance image findings including isointense signal in T1-weighted images, the presence of a cystic component, small signal-void areas due to calcification, heterogenous and hyperintense "bubbly" appearance in T2-weighted images in a young patient should suggest preoperatively the diagnosis of central neurocytoma. The typical immunohistochemical finding, positivity for synaptophysin, is the main pathological feature. We experienced two cases of central neurocytomas with typical radiological and histopathological findings. We expect growth arrest of these cases by subtotal removal to avoid postoperative neurologic deficit followed by radiation therapy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.153-159
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• 2002

This experimental study is aimed to increasing the velocity in the sewerage and also development of easy removal method for a corrosion and sand in the flow pipe. And the result by the increasing the out flow per unit time, diameter of sewerage pipe is becoming small size, cut down the construction fee and the same time reducing the tubulent flow pattern in the flow pipe. As a result of detected experimental velocity signal from the probe in the test wall surface, reducing the pump power and increasing the out flow unit time. Apparent water velocity decreases as the value of void ratio increases depends on the varies center of pipe.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.223-229
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• 2022

A porous photocatalyst concrete filter was successfully produced to remove NOx, by mixing TiO₂ photocatalyst with lightweight aerated concrete. Ultra Fine Bubbles were used to form continuous pores inside the porous photocatalytic concrete filter, which was mixed via a bubble generation experiment. The optimal mixing condition was determined to be with 4 % of the bubble generation agent B. NO removal specimens were prepared for various photocatalytic loading conditions, and the specimen containing 3 % P-25 removed NO at a concentration of 1.03 µmol in 1 h. The NO removal rate of the porous photocatalytic concrete filter prepared in this study was 10.99 %. This photocatalytic filter performance was more than 9 times the amount of NO removed by a general photocatalytic filter. The porous photocatalyst concrete filter for removing NOx developed in this study can be applied to various construction sites and the air quality can be solved by reducing NOx contributing to the formation of fine particles.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.65-75
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• 2024

Objectives This case study was aimed to report improvement of taeum-in patient with chronic kidney disesase who had voiding dysfunction after intracerebral hemorrhage using Yeoldahanso-tanggamibang. Methods A patient who complained of voiding dysfunction after intracerebral hemorrhage was administered with Yeoldahanso-tanggamibang through sasang consitutional medicine approach. To evaluate the improvement of voiding dysfunction, the number of nelaton catheterizations after removal of foley catheter and the amount of post void residual volume were compared, and laboratory follow-up was performed to determine whether renal function deteriorated. Results After treatment with Yeoldahanso-tanggamibang for 8 weeks, the number of nelaton catheterizations after removal of foley catheter decreased, the amount of post void residual volume decreased, and the renal function did not change. Conclusions This case study suggests the significance of Yeoldahanso-tanggamibang treatment for taeum-in patient who had voiding dysfunction after intracerebral hemorrhage.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.573-580
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• 2005

This study was to investigate the removal characteristics of toluene in a gas stream by using a biotrickling filter packed with zeolite-contained polyethylene media. The specific surface area and the void fraction of the media were $500\;m^2/m^3$ and 82%. The surface roughness of the media was higher than that of pure polyethylene media. The toluene removal efficiency decreased with increasing the inlet toluene concentration and gas flow rate. The maximum elimination capacity of toluene in the biotrickling filter was $64\;g/m^3{\cdot}hr$. During 200 days operation, toluene removal efficiency was maintained from 90% to 98% until 167 days, hereafter, it was rapidly reduced with a rise in pressure drop due to an excess proliferation of biomass on the media. Pressure drop and removal capability of the biotrickling filter was fully recovered after backwashing.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.289-298
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• 2009

The blue-green algae which caused odor problem in the tap water are difficult to precipitate in sedimentation basin and clogged the filter void rapidly. The studies of this paper were not only oxidation, coagulation and sedimentation processes for effectively removing blue-green algae but yellow clay and polyamine for verification as coagulants aids. The results of this research are summarized as follows: Higher ozone dose(C) and longer contact time(T) were needed for a high degree of removing blue-green algae efficiency. the removal rate of blue-green algae was proportional to the $C\times T$ value. The removal percent of chlorophyll-a by sedimentation and filter without pre-ozonation was about 75% but 1 mg/L pre-ozonation could increase the removal percent of chlorophyll-a to 99% and more pre-ozonation could remove completely. Though the removal efficiency of turbidity could increased by high dose of chlorination, the dissolved organic carbon was increased. More chlorine dose from 4 to 10 mg/L dissolved organic carbon was decreased. Using yellow clay as coagulant aids increased density of floc so the settling velocity of floc become rising but polyamine could not increase settling velocity of floc though it could formated large floc.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.88-89
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• 2009

In this paper, we investigated about wet cleaning effect as deep trench formation methods for Power chip devices. Deep trench structure was classified by two methods, PSU (Poly Stick Up) and Non-PSU structure. In this paper, we could remove residue defect during wet. cleaning after deep trench etch process for non-PSU structure device as to change wet cleaning process condition. V-SEM result showed void image at the trench bottom site due to residue defect and residue component was oxide by EDS analysis. In order to find the reason of happening residue defect, we experimented about various process conditions. So, defect source was that oxide film was re-deposited at trench bottom by changed to hydrophobic property at substrate during hard mask removal process. Therefore, in order to removal residue defect, we added in-situ SCI during hard mask removal process, and defect was removed perfectly. And WLR (Wafer Level Reliability) test result was no difference between normal and optimized process condition.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.113-120
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• 2011

Adsorbent combination studies have been carried out to remove nitrogen dioxide ($NO_2$) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs: BTEX) out of a subway environment characterized by high flow and low concentration. Optimal conditions for the high removal efficiency of the concerned target compounds were obtained through testing a series of control factors such as adsorbent sorts, thicknesses, and superficial velocity. It was found that the efficiencies increased as the specific surface area of activated carbon and its thickness increased, and external void fraction decreased. Furthermore, mixed activated carbon with granular and constructed contents was extensively tested to reduce pressure drop through the carbon bed. It was found that the performance of higher contents of granular activated carbon was better than that of higher contents of the constructed carbon. When the mixed carbon was applied to the subway ventilation system in order to eliminate $NO_2$ and VOC simultaneously, the removal efficiencies were found to be 75% and 85%, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.717-722
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• 2002

The results of an experiment on the water purification of the porous concrete and its influence on the compressive strength are reported in this paper. Two different sizes of coarse aggregate of 5-10, and 10-20mm, and three absolute volume ratios of paste to aggregate of 30, 40 and 50 percent for a given size of aggregate were used. For the compressive strength, the concrete with the aggregate size of 5-10mm showed much higher strength than that with the aggregate size of 10-20mm. But, the compressive strength is higher when the ratio of paste to aggregate is smaller. In the water purification experiment, the amount of attached an organism on the porous concrete surface indirectly is examined by measuring the consumption of the Dissolved Oxygen (DO). The ability of the water purification is evaluated by the removal amount of the Total Phosphorus(T-P) and Total Nitrogen(T-N). The ability of the removal of the T-N and T-P in the test water is superior to a porous concrete with a smaller size of aggregate and a higher void content. These results are owing to a large specific surface area of the specimen. As a result, porous concrete using by-products has sufficient performance of water purification.