• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.164-167
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• 1998

Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular disorder that affects striated muscles especially those innervated by the cranial nerves. Most patients present with symptoms relating to the head and neck and thus may be seen first by the otolaryngologist. Recently we had experienced a case of myasthenia gravis with the complaints of hypernasality and voice fatigue in a 49 year old male. In this case, all symptoms were improved markedly with administration of anticholinesterase.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate vocal hygiene habits and Korean Voice-Related Quality of Life (K-VRQOL) among classical singers. A total of 128 classical singers filled an online voice and K-VRQOL questionnaire, and the results were analyzed. In order to investigate the characteristics of K-VRQOL according to age groups, and the presence or absence of a history of voice problems, we conducted a two-way ANOVA. The results are as follows. Of the 128 classical singers, 28 (21.9%) with a history of voice problems said that excessive conversation, singing practice, and yelling were the causes of their voice problems. The symptoms of voice problems were fatigue, loss of range, hoarseness, and breathiness. In addition, classical singers were less likely to smoke, or to drink alcohol or caffeine. The K-VRQOL was highly correlated with all sub-domains. There was a statistically significant difference according to age groups (p<.05) and history of voice problems (p<.01). There was no correlation between age groups and history of voice problems. Voice management is important because classical singers can ruin their voice by speaking, and the risk of voice disorder is high. Voice problems affect quality of life. In future studies, it is necessary to obtain information on the subjective voice characteristics of classical singers by examining the relationship between their voice hygiene habits and VHI, SVHI, and K-VRQOL.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 1998

Objectives : To compare the voice quality and voice problems of untrained professional voice user groups with that of normal control group without voice problem. Materials and Methods : The sustained vowel sounds of 13 male and 36 female teachers, 46 clergies and 15 telephone operators, and 40 normal male and 20 normal female persons were analyzed, using a videostroboscopy and acoustic analyzer. Together with these analyses, a questionnaire associated with risk factors for current and past voice problems was handed over to the patients. Results : The most common symptom in subjective groups was the voice fatigue. In stroboscopic examination, the professional voice user groups shelved functional voice disorder findings regardless of the Intensity of voice use. In the clergy and teacher using loud voice, vocal polyp, vocal nodule and hyperfunction of laryngeal muscle were frequently observed. In the clergy and telephone operator, jitter and shimmer were significantly increased. In the female teacher, the value of jitter, fundamental frequency variation and fundamental frequency were statiscally significant. However, the voice of male teacher showed no significant findings in the acoustic and aerodynamic studies. Conclusion : In the management of voice problems for untrained professional voice user groups, it is important to find the exact causes and patterns of voice problems, and to be individualized the management according to the causes.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2013

Voice disorders are most common in female teachers due to work-related vocal demands; however, only a few studies tried to evaluate individual risk factors with work-related risk factors to diagnose voice disorders. This study evaluated sixty-seven female elementary teachers (36 with voice disorders and 31 without voice disorders) to compare their vocal misuse, overuse, and vocal hygiene behaviors. Total Voice Handicap Index scores and VHI subscale (P, E, F) scores were not significantly different between two groups (p>0.05) and there was no relationship between VHI and acoustic measures (p>0.05). Loud talking, talking in noisy situations, and excessive speaking were significantly more frequent in female teachers with voice disorders (p<0.05) and thereby these overuse and misuse behavioral patterns were identified as risk factors to develop voice disorders in female teachers. Also, hydration was the most common behavior for vocal hygiene when experiencing vocal fatigue; however, hydration with hot green tea or coffee and throat clearing were often misused for vocal hygiene. This study found that female teachers from both groups presented higher voice handicap regardless of voice disorders. This study suggests a multidimensional voice assessment protocol is required to reflect voice problems in teachers and a vocal education program may be important to improve vocal hygiene knowledge and behavioral changes in female teachers.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2001

Aims of study : The purpose of this study is to measure the chronic and daily voice burden of the professionals in their actual working places. These will be a valuable guideline for preventing and controlling the voice production of professionals. Material and method : Our study was selected to the 10 female telephone operators in the Asan Medical Center, ages ranging from 22 to 38 years old. The symptoms and acoustic analysis of both telephone operators and the controls were evaluated before and after their working. The symptoms were evaluated with questionaires, and the acoustic analysis was measured by using CSL (computerized speech laboratory) system. Results : The symptoms of the professional voice abusers are same as those symptoms in laryngeal fatigue. The acoustic analysis before their working were significantly increased in jitter and shimmer, in comparison with the data of the control. This shows that the experimental group is exposed to the chronic burden of voice production. The jitter, shimmer, and NHR after their working are significantly increased in comparison with the data of the acoustic analysis before their working. This also shows that the experimental group is exposed to the daily burden of voice production. Conclusion : The acoustic analysis of the professional voice overusers has objectively measured that there are chronic and daily overloading to the voice of operators, and these will be a valuable data for preventing and controlling the professionals that abuse their voice.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2015

This paper deals with the correlation between physical fatigue and speech signals. A treadmill task to increase fatigue and a set of subjective questionnaire for rating tiredness were designed. The results from the questionnaire and the collected bio-signals showed that the designed task imposes physical fatigue. The t-test for two-related-samples between the speech signals and fatigue showed that the parameters statistically significant to fatigue are fundamental frequency, first and second formant frequencies, long term average spectral slope, smoothed pitch perturbation quotient, relative average perturbation, pitch perturbation quotient, cepstral peak prominence, and harmonics to noise ratio. According to the experimental results, it is shown that mouth is opened small and voice is changed to be breathy as the physical fatigue accumulates.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.87-101
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• 2022

대전·충남지역 20-30대 여성 언어재활사 50명을 대상으로 주관적 음성 피로도 설문과 더불어 하루 4회기를 기준으로 언어치료 전/후 음성 샘플 수집을 하였다. 연구 결과, Korean Vocal Fatigue Index의 음성 피로로 인한 음성 사용회피 항목과 음성 사용으로 인한 신체 피로 항목에서 피로 집단과 피로 없는 집단 간 유의한 차이가 있었다. 두 집단의 음향음성학적 특성과 관련하여, 두 집단 모두 치료 후 저주파 대역 에너지가 상대적으로 낮아지고 고주파 대역 에너지가 상승하는 패턴을 보였다. 이러한 특징이 분산분석 결과, 주 효과로 나타난 low to high-ratio[t1(time.1)>t2(time.2)], slope_ltas(t2>t1), 3rd formant's energy(t1>t2), high energy(t2>t1) 등에 잘 반영되어 있다. 집단 간 차이는 음향변수들 중 치료 전 모음 연장발성 스펙트럼 저주파 대역의 에너지인 low energy에서만 관찰되었고 피로 없는 집단의 값이 더 컸다(no.fatigue>fatigue in t1). 음향변수에서의 이러한 특징과 더불어 치료 세션 후 피로 없는 집단의 연결발화에서의 왜도 증가는 장시간의 목소리 노동으로 인한 성대 과긴장(higher muscle tonus)과 목소리 남용 때문으로 해석할 수 있다. 섭동변수 shimmer_local은 피로 없는 집단이 언어치료 후 낮아졌고(t1>t2), 켑스트럼 변수인 RNR(rhamonics to noise ratio)은 언어치료 후 값이 높아졌다(t2>t1). NHR(noise to harmonic ratio)은 두 집단 모두 치료 후 낮아졌다. NHR의 감소와 shimmer_local의 하강은 치료 세션을 진행하면서 발성 과정이 안정화되었거나 혹은 전문 지식이 있는 언어재활사(특히 피로 없는 집단)들의 효율적 목소리 사용이 기여했다고 결론지을 수 있다. 피로 없는 집단의 경우는 치료 후에 RNR값이 유의하게 커졌으므로 치료 후 오히려 조화음(harmonic) 구조가 더 안정되었다고도 말할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2013

Purpose : The aim of the study is to compare the effect of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with voice and CPR without voice by one rescuer. Methods : Subjects were 26 students in C University who had basic life support certificate for Healthcare Provider. They performed 30:2 CPR for 6 minutes by two groups of CPR with voice and CPR without voice by one rescuer from August 14 to 16, 2012. They performed CPR with Resusci Anne SkillReporter$^{TM}$ and Laerdal PC SkillReporting System Ver. 2.4.1(Laerdal Medical, Norway and recored voice using TES-1350A(TES Electrical Electronic Corp, Taiwan). Between each experiment, 1 day of rest was given, providing enough time to recover from the fatigue of CPR. Results : The depth, rate of chest compression, and ventilation volume were not affected by a voice (p >.05), and the ratio of chest compression to ventilation kept 30:2, when the subject made a sound (p <.05). Conclusion : Making voice during CPR was associated with an accurate ratio of 30:2 and the reduction in hands off time.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 1998

Objectives : To compare the objective differences in voice quality and voice problems between clergies and normal male control group. Materials and Methods : The sustained vowel sound of 46 clergies and 40 normal persons were analyzed, using a videostroboscopy and acoustic analyzer. Together with these analyses, a questionnaire associated with current and past voice problems was handed over to the patients. Results : The most common symptom in subjective group was the voice fatigue. Stroboscopic findings in subjective group were as following 23 cases(50%) of pachydermia, 17 cases(37%) of phase difference, 12 cases(25%) of anterior-posterior contracture, 6 cases(13%) of vocal polyp and 3 cases(7%) of vocal nodule. The mean maximal phonation time in clergies was 17.8 seconds and in control group was 19 seconds. litter, pitch perturbation quotient and shimmer were significantly increased in subjective group than in control group(p<0.05), but there were no significant differences between two groups in fundamental frequency, vFo, amplitude perturbation quotient and noise to harmonic ratio. Conclusion : In the clergies using loud and forceful voice, vocal polyp and functional voice disorder findings were frequently noted in stroboscopic examination. litter and shimmer, reflecting the roughness of voice, were increased in acoustic analysis. Therefore, clergies, classified into untrained professional voice users, need professional career guidance and counseling.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.16-19
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• 2014

The presbyphonia is a combination of physiological and structural changes due to aging of the larynx in elderly patients with voice problems. Some of these changes are inevitable, while others may be avoidable or reversible. The fatigue of phonation is the most common clinical symptom of the aging voice. The voice problems with aging are produced from variable causes including the organic lesions of the larynx. It is essential that the curers understand physiologic and pathologic changes of aging voice for minimizing glottal incompetence and improving vocal performance and quality of life of the elderly.