• Asian review of World Histories
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.169-195
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• 2014

This paper presents an investigation into cross-cultural transfiguration of Buddhist faith in Goryeo Dynasty, with a focus on $\acute{S}\bar{u}$raṃgama-s$\bar{u}$tra that used to be in vogue in East Asia. There are three major types of $\acute{S}\bar{u}$raṃgama-s$\bar{u}$tra faith in Goryeo: the first one was concerned about the scripture itself including its citation and publication and the compilation of its annotation books; the second one involved establishing Buddhist rituals related to the scripture; and the final one was to create Dh$\bar{a}$ran$\bar{i}$ stone poles with Dafoding Dh$\bar{a}$ran$\bar{i}$ in Volume 7 of the scripture engraved in stone. While it was the common practice to engrave Zunsheng Dh$\bar{a}$ran$\bar{i}$ in China, the number of stone poles on which Dafoding Dh$\bar{a}$ran$\bar{i}$ was engraved was overwhelmingly large. There are a couple of reasons behind the difference: first, there was a tendency of Zunsheng Dh$\bar{a}$ran$\bar{i}$ being worshiped at the national level in Goryeo, which probably explains why the percentage of Zunsheng Dh$\bar{a}$ran$\bar{i}$ stone poles designed to pray for a personal mass for the dead by engraving Dh$\bar{a}$ran$\bar{i}$ on a stone pole was considerably low. In addition, there were esoteric sects in Goryeo, and it is estimated that they must have got involved in the establishment of Dafoding Dh$\bar{a}$ran$\bar{i}$ stone poles in the former half of Goryeo. Furthermore, the Zen sects had a deep non-Zen understanding of Esoteric Buddhism and tended to practice Dh$\bar{a}$ran$\bar{i}$ in Goryeo. It is estimated that Dafoding Dh$\bar{a}$ran$\bar{i}$ stone poles were set up in large numbers in Goryeo as the prevalence of $\acute{S}\bar{u}$raṃgama-s$\bar{u}$tra faith that continued on since the former half of Goryeo was combined with the Zen sects' active position about Dh$\bar{a}$ran$\bar{i}$.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권34호
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• pp.197-217
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• 2014

20세기 20~30년대는 중국만화가 제일 번영된 때이고 중국 만화의 "황금시기"이다. 중국의 근대만화는 외세에 의하여 정서불안과 전쟁 등으로 풍자만화가 유행하였고 그중 많은 인기작품들 중에서 영화와 드라마로 제작된 20년대의 <왕 선생>과 30년대의 <삼모 유랑기>를 선택하여 분석하였다. II장에서 20~30년대 중국 민국시기 영화, 소설, 잡지, 패션 등의 소비문화가 확대되었지만 그 중, 통속성과 대중성으로 인기를 끌었던 만화잡지의 역사, 30년대 만화 간행물 등의 만화 "황금시기"에 대하여 역사적인 고찰을 하였다. III장에서는 5.4운동이후 사회 풍자유머만화가 유행하였고 20년대 반제반봉건주의의 내용에서 현실생활화 되었고 사회의 부정적인 면을 묘사한 작품들이 유행하였다. 그 중 작가 엽천여는 <왕 선생>을 통하여 소시민의 일상생활, 관료의 부패, 노동인민에 대한 동정 등의 상해에 대하여 묘사하였고 장락평의 <삼모 유랑기>는 힘없고 불쌍한 고아를 통하여 상해의 부르주아와 프롤레타리아의 불공평한 사회제도, 빈부격차에 대하여 묘사하였다. <왕 선생>은 도덕적인 면에서 <삼모 유랑기>는 경제적인 면에서 현실에 대하여 객관적이면서 익살스럽고 우스꽝스럽게 반영하였다는 것을 알 수 있다. 연구자가 <왕 선생>과 <삼모 유랑기>를 선택하게 된 이유는 하나의 좋은 만화, 좋은 애니메이션 심지어 좋은 영화는 우리 주변에 대한 느낌에서 오는 감정을 자극하기 때문에 친근감을 느끼게 하며 익숙한 내용을 다룬 두 작품을 선택하게 되었다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.455-461
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• 2006

Objectives : Prolongation of the heart rate-corrected QT (QTc) interval has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, few studies have examined the relationship between the QTc interval and cardiovascular risk factors in young healthy people, The aim of this study was to examine the associations between the QTc interval and cardiovascular risk factors in young healthy adults. Methods : This study was performed as part of the Kangwha study, which started in 1986, and is an on-going follow-up study on blood pressure and related cardiovascular risk factors. In follow-up examinations during 2005, cardiovascular risk factors, including anthropometrics, blood pressure, blood chemistry and carotid ultrasonography, were measured, and questionnaires on health behaviors completed by 127 men and 149 women aged 25 years. The QTc interval was measured on the resting 12-lead electrocardiogram using an automatic analysis program. Results : The mean QTc interval was significantly longer in women $(419{\pm}17ms)$ than in men $(405{\pm}17ms)$ (p<0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between the QTc interval and waist-hip ratio (p=0.030) in men. Women showed a positive correlation between the QTc interval and systolic blood pressure (p=0.017). On a multiple regression analysis, the QTc interval was positively associated with the waist-hip ratio in men (p=0.012) and with the systolic blood pressure (p=0.020) in women. Conclusions : In young healthy Korean adults, the QTc interval was independently associated with the waist-hip ratio in men and with the systolic blood pressure in women.

• 복식
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• 제13권
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• pp.21-37
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• 1989

In May 1987, 11 clay icons and other stone products were excavated in an abandoned ancient tomb which was located in 541-1 Hwangsung-dong, Kyungju. 6 clay figures of them were depicted realistically man's features and postures, costume at that time that they gave a lot of significance to the fields of Korean Costume's Academic Society. The main purpose of this thesis is to study the background of costume history when it was made and its formal characteristics with the study of those 6 clay figures. Shilla accepted the customs and attires of Sui and T'ang by means of frequent in coming and out going Chinese envoy as well as Shilla's envoy, monks, hostages, and students in China. From that period, the diversity of Shilla's costume began to develop by introducing Tang's style into Shilla's costume. Crested hat of men's clothing of the clay figures in Hwangsung- Dong is Bokdu Men's figure II wore Bokdu which Hugak is attached to Byunhyung. The garment is a Po and it is a tight sleeve and silhouette's Banryungpo. The horizontal line of hemline of men's figure 1 can be presumed by expression of Ran though it is not as accurate as the clay figues in Yongg-ang-Dong. As for torso part 1, it can not be known the style of the crested hat because the head part was damaged, but it were shoes, belt and common sleeve, Banryungpo on tight sleeve shirt and tight trouser. The hair style of the women's clothing in Hwangsung-dong clay figure is Bukkye peculiar to Korea. The costume was slim silhouette that people wore tight sleeve and short blouse and long skirt and belted on their bosom which dresses style was in vogue from late Sui dynasty to the early years of the Tang period. The silh ouette of slim silhouette's high waist which can be seen in the women's dresses is mainly worn by Chinese and affected Shilla's costume. Therefore the dresses style of the clay figures in Hwagsung-Dong, it is considered it is a dresses style of tight sleeves and slim silhouette together with the adaptation and abolition of foreign elements on the basis of Shilla's own elements like Bukkye hair style and tight sleeve and silhouette. The style of Yonggang-Dong's clay figures expresses spherical gei and common sleeve, loose silhouette of flourishing Tang's costumes planly whereas the style of Hwangsung-Dong's clay costumes expresses refined spirit of the Shilla(Shillaism) though it is extremly simple.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.197-207
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• 1992

Expressionism, is as diverse as the artists invo)ved, in a very broad sense two main tendencies may be noted. The first is that of the Action painters, concerned in different ways with the gesture of the brush and the texture of the paint. It included such major artists as Arshile Gorky, Jackson Pollock, Willem De Keening, and Franz Kline. The other group consisted of the Color Field painters, concerned with the statement of an abstract sign or tranquil image in terms of a large, unified color shape or area. Here must be included Mark Rothko, Barnett Newman, Ad Rdinhardt, as well as, to a degree, Adolph Gottlieb, Robert Motherwell, and Clyf(ord Still. In this paper, 1 selected two artists Arshile Gorky and Jackson Pollock independent charac-teristics and studied the influence of their Action painting on the fabrics of modern fashion. However, it should be noted it was never the intention of the critic Harold Rosenberg, in coining this term, to imply that Action painting was a kind of athletic exercise. Nor is it true that the furious and seemingly haphazard scattering of the paint involved a completely uncontrolled, intuitive act. There is no question that, in the paintings of Jackson Pollock, Arshile Gorky and many of the other Abstract Expressionists, the element of intuition or the accidental plays a large and deliberate part; this was indeed one of the principal contributions of Abstract Expressionism which had found its own inspiration in surrealism's 'psychic automaton'. However, nothing that an experienced and accomplished artist does can be completely accidental. Aside from their intrinsic quality, the spun-out skeins of poured pigments contributed other elements that changed the course of modern painting. There was the concept of the all-over painting, the painting seemingly without beginning or end, extending to the very limits of the canvas and implying an extension even beyond. The feeling of absorption or participation is heightened by the ambiguity of the picture space. The colors and lines, although never punctur-ing deep perspective holes in the surface, still create an illusion of continuous movement, a billowing, a surging back and forth, within a limited depth. To study the influence of Abstract Expressionism on the fabric of modern fashion, 1 selected and examined four fashion magazines: Collezioni published in France, Bazaar in Italy, Gap in Japan and Vogue in the U.S.a. froim January 1989 to June 1991. As a result of this review I found that some fabrics used in modern clothing are printed in a dripping, pouring and splashing style without any meaning or form. Slides included in the presentation show that modern fabrics which are printed in such a style were influenced by Abstract Expressionism. The slides also show that these abstract prints are well suited to modern fashion design.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.59-78
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• 2005

This study aims to know the deferences of hair fashion feeling group in accordance with hair styling activities, general characteristics, life styles objecting to capital area university women students and aid to hair fashion design. So the results are as belows. 1. Frequency Analysis of Categories A. Hair fashion feeling - Natural, sexy, romantic pretty, sophisticate, ethnic are 90% in total hair fashion feeling variables in sequence of frequency, so it can be said these are in vogue. B. Hair styling activities - The objections visit the hair salon once 1-2months, spend about 42,000 won a month, perform cut & wave perm to sentimental reasens & hair style changes, determine the hair style well coordinated in her image and managed easily. In her home, they manage her hair style 12 minutes a day, spend 17,000 won to buy hair aids, do hair blow dry or pin or pony tail mainly in the morning, scarcely use the hair styling aids but if use, essence or wax mainly. And the degree of interest to hair style is high. C. General Characteristics - The objections's average age is 21.1, residence is seoul kangnam 23.3%, seoul kangbook 18.4%, other capital areas 58.4%, the degree of education is university students 94.9%, graduated student 5.1%, marriage is married 96%, unmarried 2.8%, family who live with is married are mainly man & woman and living with father & mother in low in man's, unmarried are mainly live alone & nuclear family, personal expenses a month is 300,000 won in average, income of home is 4,000,000 won a month. D. Life style - The objections are not in interest of physical exercises but if are, do yoga & health, like drama & comedies program, watch TV or meet friend in leisure time, like balad & dance music, fashion magazine, meet friend in cafe or college. 2. Relationship of hair fashion feeling & other variables Using the $x^2$-test, level p<0.05, Hair styling activities(frequency of hair salon coming in and out, ordinary time representing hair style, preferred hair styling aids, the amount of hair style interest), General Characteristics(age), Life style(leisure time) variables are meaningful.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.223-234
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• 2013

Poultry industry is abounding day by day as it engrosses less cost of investment per bird as compared to large animals. Poultry have the most copious genomic tool box amongst domestic animals for the detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL) and marker assisted selection (MAS). Use of multiple markers and least square techniques for mapping of QTL affecting quality and production traits in poultry is in vogue. Examples of genetic tests that are available to or used in industry programs are documented and classified into causative mutations (direct markers), linked markers in population-wide linkage disequilibrium (LD) with the QTL (LD markers), and linked markers in population wide equilibrium with the QTL (LE markers). Development of genome-wide SNP assays, role of 42 K, 60 K (Illumina) and 600 K (Affymetrix$^{(R)}$ Axim$^{(R)}$) SNP chip with next generation sequencing for identification of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has been documented. Hybridization based, PCR based, DNA chip and sequencing based are the major segments of DNA markers which help in conducting of MAS in poultry. Economic index-marker assisted selection (EI-MAS) provides platform for simultaneous selection for production traits while giving due weightage to their marginal economic values by calculating predicted breeding value, using information on DNA markers which are normally associated with relevant QTL. Understanding of linkage equilibrium, linkage dis-equilibrium, relation between the markers and gene of interest are quite important for success of MAS. This kind of selection is the most useful tool in enhancing disease resistance by identifying candidate genes to improve the immune response. The application of marker assisted selection in selection procedures would help in improvement of economic traits in poultry.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.99-110
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• 1999

In order to help the marketers of the men\`s casual wear brands establish the marketing strategies to their target consumers, it is the purpose of this study to investigate on the variables affecting the casual wear purchase behavior of men in twenties, thirties and forties, and to clarify the differences of casual wear purchase behavior according to their age, The subjects were 429 men in their twenties, thirties and forties living in Seoul and data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation, x², ANOVA and Duncan\`s test. The results were as follows : (1) Significant differences were found among men in twenties, thirties and forties according to the self-image. Men in forties favored the conservative and not-noticeable image of casual wear, however, men in twenties and thirties favored those of the active, sexy, and distinctive image. (2) Significant differences were found among men in twenties, thirties and forties according to the importance of the store attributes such as convenience of transportation and parking place, clothing in vogue, and various merchandise. Men in thirties and forties put more importance on convenience of transportation and parking place. Men in forties put more importance on various merchandise than men in twenties and thirties. (3) Significant differences were found among men in twenties, thirties and forties according to general purchase behavior of casual wear. * Differences of the use of information according to age Majority of the men consulted the T.V., radio and people in their boundaries * Differences of the clothing purchase frequency according to age Men in twenties buy more clothing than other age groups. Men in twenties buy the clothing every one month and every three months and men in thirties and forties buy the clothing every three months and every six months. * Differences of the shopping day according to age Majority of the men buy the clothing on Saturday and Sunday. However men in twenties buy the clothing more on weekdays than other age groups. * Differences of the shopping place according There were not significant differences among three different age groups and majority of the men found out to utilize the department store. * Differences of the influence of the partners according to age Men in twenties found out to rely on their own decisions but men in thirties and forties found out to depend on their wives(loves). * Differences of the selection standards of casual wear according to age There were not significant differences according to age and adult males found out to select the casual wear by design, quality price in sequence.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2013

국내 건설시장은 경쟁사보다 더 나은 조경 환경을 제공하여 소비자를 유치하려 하고, 그래서 대형 소나무(Pinus densiflora S. et. Z.) 이식이 인기를 얻고 있다. 주로 행해지는 이식 사례로 수령 30년, 흉고직경 35cm인 강원지역 소나무를 223km 떨어진 서울로 이식하는 경우를 들 수 있다. 본 연구는 해당 사례 이식 과정 탄소배출량과 수목을 생산지에 그대로 둘 경우 일생 탄소저장량(50년 가정)을 추산하고 비교하였다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 30년생 강원지역 소나무 1그루를 이식하지 않을 경우, 50년을 살면서 저장할 탄소량은 약 90kgC/그루였다. 둘째, 이식 과정 장비 및 인력 탄소배출량은 약 113.69kgC/그루로, 여생 동안 탄소저장량보다 약 1.26배 많게 나타났다. 댐이나 도로 건설현장 같은 곳 대형목을 인근으로 이식하는 경우는 불가피하다 할 수 있다. 그렇지 않은 대형목 이식은 환경을 저해할 수 있다. 불가피한 경우를 제외하고, 대형목 이식을 금하는 정책과 규제가 필요하다. 조경 전문가는 긴 안목으로 작은 조경수를 심어 키우는 '시간의 조경'을 주도하고, 소비자 인식을 바른 방향으로 이끌어야 하겠다.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.109-120
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• 2006

환경조형물은 공공미술의 한 분야로서 단순히 건축물의 미관 장식해 주는 역할뿐만 아니라 도시민에게 심리적으로 안정감을 주고 도시 환경과의 친밀감과 상징적인 장소로서의 랜드마크적 기능을 지니고 있기에 독창적인 조형물로서 사회 문화적 가치를 지닌다고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구는 정책적으로 법적 구속력이 있는 건축물 미술장식제도의 환경조형물을 대상으로 도시환경의 질적 수준을 향상시킬 수 있는 자치단체의 평가 및 심의방법 및 평가모형을 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다. 환경조형물의 가치는 단편적인 유행관점과 의무사항의 통과절차로 인식되는 한 도시환경조성은 염원하다고 볼 수 있다. 따라서 공공성 차원의 전문가적 안목으로 평가시스템을 설정하고 제시하는 것이 중요하다고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 환경조형물 현행제도 및 심의기준을 고찰하여 이론적 연구모형을 수립하고 전문가 집단의 통계적 평가모형의 틀을 도출하고자 한다. 설문구성은 이론적 연구모형으로 설계된 설문을 타당성과 신뢰도를 검증하였으며 가설에 대한 예측이 검증 될 수 있는지에 대한 파일럿테스트 분석하였다. 2차 수집된 본 설문지는 SPSSWIN 11 프로그램을 사용하여 탐색적 요인분석, 확인적 요인분석 등의 통계적 분석의 검증과정을 통해 추출된 평가모형을 제시하고자 한다.