• Title/Summary/Keyword: Vitamin D $(25(OH)D_3$)

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Association between vitamin D level at birth and respiratory morbidities in very-low-birth-weight infants

  • Kim, Ian;Kim, Sung Shin;Song, Jee In;Yoon, Seock Hwa;Park, Ga Young;Lee, Yong-Wha
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.62 no.5
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    • pp.166-172
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate vitamin D status at birth in very-low-birth-weight infants (VLBWIs: <1,500 g) and to determine the association between vitamin D level and respiratory morbidity. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital between November 2013 and November 2017. We collected blood samples and data on respiratory morbidity from 230 VLBWIs on the first day of life. Patients who were transferred to other hospitals (n=19), died before 36 weeks of gestational age (n=18), or whose blood samples were not collected immediately after birth (n=5) were excluded. Finally, 188 patients were enrolled. VLBWIs with different vitamin D levels were compared with respect to demographic features, maternal diseases, respiratory morbidities, and other neonatal diseases. Results: The mean serum vitamin D level, as measured by 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), was $13.4{\pm}9.3ng/mL$. The incidence of vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) was 79.8%, and 44.1% of preterm infants had severe vitamin D deficiency (<10 ng/mL). Logistic analysis shows that a low serum 25(OH)D level (<20 ng/mL) was a risk factor for respiratory distress syndrome (odds ratio [OR], 4.32; P=0.010) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (OR, 4.11; P=0.035). Conclusion: The results showed that 79.8% of preterm infants in this study had vitamin D deficiency at birth. Low vitamin D status was associated with respiratory morbidity, but the exact mechanism was unknown. Additional studies on the association between vitamin D level and neonatal morbidity are required.

Study of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 concentration according to the Hepatitis B virus (Hepatitis B virus에 따른 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 농도 영향 연구)

  • Kim, Jean-Soo;Lee, Dong-Yeop
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.14 no.6
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    • pp.2743-2748
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    • 2013
  • The vitamin gets through food and the sun. But there is case that density alters by certain factor in vitamin. So this research analyzed effect of the liver function factor and change of $25OH-VIT.D_3$ density. Research target is a person who undergo health medical examination in the certain university hospital medical examination center from August, 2012 to December, 2012. Comparison classified to experiment group and control group. As a result, variable that influence in $25OH-VIT.D_3$ density showed by age and B type inflammation of the liver titer. Specially, B type inflammation of the liver titer displayed reverse corelation ($R^2$=0.40). Therefore, inflammation of the liver carrier must manage liver fuction test and density of $25OH-VIT.D_3$.

Vitamin D in athletes: focus on physical performance and musculoskeletal injuries

  • Yoon, Sewoon;Kwon, Ohkyu;Kim, Jooyoung
    • Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.20-25
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    • 2021
  • [Purpose] The aim of this review was to discuss the effects of vitamin D on physical performance and musculoskeletal injuries in athletes and provide information on the field applications of vitamin D. [Methods] A systematic review was conducted to identify studies on vitamin D in athletes that assessed serum vitamin D levels, vitamin D and physical performance, vitamin D and musculoskeletal injuries, and practical guidelines for supplementation of vitamin D. [Results] Several studies reported that a high proportion of athletes had vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. Low serum levels of vitamin D in athletes were more pronounced in winter than in other seasons, and indoor athletes had lower serum vitamin D levels than outdoor athletes. Low vitamin D levels have been demonstrated to have negative effects on muscle strength, power, and endurance; increase stress fractures and other musculoskeletal injuries; and affect acute muscle injuries and inflammation following high-intensity exercises. Therefore, periodic assessment and monitoring of vitamin D levels are necessary in athletes; the recommended serum level of 25(OH)D is > 32 ng/mL and the preferred level is > 40 ng/mL (-1). In those with low levels of vitamin D, exposure to sunlight and an improved diet or supplements may be helpful. Particularly, 2000-6000 IU of supplemental vitamin D3 can be consumed daily. [Conclusion] Vitamin D is a potential nutritional factor that can significantly affect physical performance and musculoskeletal injuries in athletes. The importance and role of vitamin D in athletes should be emphasized, and the current levels of vitamin D should be assessed. Therefore, it is essential to periodically evaluate and monitor serum vitamin D levels in athletes.

Effects of a New 1,25(OH)$_2$-Vitamin $D_3$ Anglog on Proliferation and Differentiation of the Human Histiocytic Lymphoma Cell Line U937 (인체 Histiocytic Lymphoma Cell Line U937의 종식 및 분화에 대한 새로운 $1.25(OH)_2D_3$ 유도체의 효과에 관한 연구)

  • Jung, Soo-Ja;Suh, Myung-Ja;Rhu, Beung-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.443-452
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    • 1994
  • This study describes the effects of novel1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D$_3$ analong[1,25(OH)$_2$-16ene-23yne-26, 27-F6-D$_3$] on proliferation of the human histiocytic lymphoma cell line U937 in vitro. We also examined the expression of c-myc oncogene in U937 cells was apparently inhibited to 62% and 87% of the control level after 4 days in the presence of 10-8M and 10-7 M of this analog, respectively. This compound morpholgically and functionally differentiated U937 cells to nonocyte-macrophage phenotype showing the increase of adherence ability to surface and a decrease of N/C ratio in Giemsa staining . Especially, nonspecific esterase activity which is a marker of cell differentiation to monocyte-macrophage was positive, and production of the positive stained cells increased in a dose dependent fashion . The expression of c-myc oncogene by 1, 25(OH)$_2$D$_3$ analog(10-7 M) was reduced by 60% at the mRNA level as determined by Northern blotting. The effects of this novel analog on cell proliferation and cell differentiation may open op new therapeutic strategies for human disorders such as psoriassis and may provide a tool to understand the mechanism of action of vitamin D$_3$ seco-steroids in malignancy.

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Muscle Mass Changes After Daily Consumption of Protein Mix Supplemented With Vitamin D in Adults Over 50 Years of Age: Subgroup Analysis According to the Serum 25(OH)D Levels of a Randomized Controlled Trial

  • Yeji Kang;Namhee Kim;Yunhwan Lee;Xiangxue An;Yoon-Sok Chung;Yoo Kyoung Park
    • Clinical Nutrition Research
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.184-198
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    • 2023
  • Early prevention of sarcopenia can be an important strategy for muscle maintenance, but most studies target subjects at slightly pre-sarcopenic state. Our previous paper describes the effect of protein supplements rich in leucine and vitamin D on muscle condition, and in this paper, we performed a sub-analysis to evaluate who benefitted the most in terms of improvement in muscle health. A 12-week randomized clinical trial of 120 healthy adults (aged 50 to 80) assigned to an intervention group (n = 60) or control group (n = 60) were analyzed. Subjects in the intervention group received, twice per day, a protein supplement containing (per serving) 800 IU of vitamin D, 20 g of protein (3 g of total leucine), 300 mg of calcium, 1.1 g of fat, and 2.5 g of carbohydrate. The subjects were classified into 'insufficient' and 'sufficient' groups at 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) value of 30 ng/mL. The skeletal muscle mass index normalized to the square of the skeletal muscle mass (SMM) height (kg/m2) increased significantly in the 'insufficient group' difference value of change between weeks 0 and 12 (Δ1.07 ± 2.20; p = 0.037). The SMM normalized by body weight (kg/kg, %) was higher, but not significantly, in the insufficient group (Δ0.38 ± 0.69; p = 0.050). For people with insufficient (serum 25[OH]D), supplemental intake of protein and vitamin D, calcium, and leucine and adequate energy intake increases muscle mass in middle-aged and older adults and would be likely to exert a beneficial effect on muscle health.

Use of Vitamin D3 and Its Metabolites in Broiler Chicken Feed on Performance, Bone Parameters and Meat Quality

  • Garcia, Ana Flavia Quiles Marques;Murakami, Alice Eiko;Do Amaral Duarte, Cristiane Regina;Ospina Rojas, Ivan Camilo;Picoli, Karla Paola;Puzotti, Maira Mangili
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.408-415
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    • 2013
  • The objective of this experiment was to assess the use of different vitamin D metabolites in the feed of broiler chickens and the effects of the metabolites on performance, bone parameters and meat quality. A total of 952 one-day-old male broiler chicks were distributed in a completely randomised design, with four treatments, seven replicates and 34 birds per experimental unit. The treatments consisted of four different sources of vitamin D included in the diet, $D_3$, $25(OH)D_3$, $1,25(OH)_2D_3$, and $1{\alpha}(OH)D_3$, providing 2000 and 1600 IU of vitamin D in the starter (1 to 21 d) and growth phases (22 to 42 d), respectively. Mean weight, feed:gain and weight gain throughout the rearing period were less in animals fed $1{\alpha}(OH)D_3$ when compared with the other treatments (p<0.05). No significant differences were noted among the treatments (p>0.05) for various bone parameters. Meat colour differed among the treatments (p>0.05). All of the metabolites used in the diets, with the exception of $1{\alpha}(OH)D_3$, can be used for broiler chickens without problems for performance and bone quality, however, some aspects of meat quality were affected.

Inhibition of Vitamin D Receptor Translocation by Cigarette Smoking Extracts

  • Uh, Soo-Taek;Koo, So-My;Kim, Yang Ki;Kim, Ki Up;Park, Sung Woo;Jang, An Soo;Kim, Do Jin;Kim, Yong Hoon;Park, Choon Sik
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.73 no.5
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    • pp.258-265
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    • 2012
  • Background: Vitamin D can translocate a vitamin D receptor (VDR) from the nucleus to the cell membranes. The meaning of this translocation is not elucidated in terms of a role in pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) till now. VDR deficient mice are prone to develop emphysema, suggesting that abnormal function of VDR might influence a generation of COPD. The blood levels of vitamin D have known to be well correlated with that of lung function in patients with COPD, and smoking is the most important risk factor in development of COPD. This study was performed to investigate whether cigarette smoke extracts (CSE) can inhibit the translocation of VDR and whether mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are involved in this inhibition. Methods: Human alveolar basal epithelial cell line (A549) was used in this study. 1,25-$(OH_2)D_3$ and/or MAPKs inhibitors and antioxidants were pre-incubated before stimulation with 10% CSE, and then nucleus and microsomal proteins were extracted for a Western blot of VDR. Results: Five minutes treatment of 1,25-(OH2)D3 induced translocation of VDR from nucleus to microsomes by a dose-dependent manner. CSE inhibited 1,25-$(OH_2)D_3$-induced translocation of VDR in both concentrations of 10% and 20%. All MAPKs inhibitors did not suppress the inhibitory effects of CSE on the 1,25-$(OH_2)D_3$-induced translocation of VDR. Quercetin suppressed the inhibitory effects of CSE on the 1,25-$(OH_2)D_3$-induced translocation of VDR, but not in n-acetylcysteine. Conclusion: CSE has an ability to inhibit vitamin D-induced VDR translocation, but MAPKs are not involved in this inhibition.

Effects of an in vitro vitamin D treatment on the inflammatory responses in visceral adipose tissue from Ldlr-/- mice

  • Deok Hoon Kwon;Jungwon Hwang;Hyeyoung You;Na Young Kim;Ga Young Lee;Sung Nim Han
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.19-32
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    • 2024
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Atherosclerosis is associated with increased inflammation in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Vitamin D has been reported to modulate the inflammatory responses of stromal vascular cells (SVCs) and adipocytes in adipose tissue, but the role of vitamin D in atherosclerosis biology is unclear. This study examined the effects of in vitro 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25[OH]2D3) treatment on the inflammatory responses of SVCs and adipocytes from atherosclerotic mice. MATERIALS/METHODS: C57BL/6J (B6) mice were divided randomly into 2 groups and fed a 10% kcal fat control diet (control group, CON) or 41% kcal fat, 0.21% cholesterol (high fat + cholesterol, HFC) diet (obese group, OB), and B6.129S7-Ldlrtm1Her/J (Ldlr-/-) mice were fed a HFC diet (obese with atherosclerosis group, OBA) for 16 weeks. SVCs and adipocytes isolated from VAT were pre-incubated with 1,25(OH)2D3 for 24 h and stimulated with lipopolysaccarides for the next 24 h. Proinflammatory cytokine production by adipocytes and SVCs, the immune cell population in SVCs, and the expression of the genes involved in the inflammatory signaling pathway in SVCs were determined. RESULTS: The numbers of total macrophages and SVCs per mouse were higher in OB and OBA groups than the CON group. The in vitro 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment significantly reduced macrophages/SVCs (%) in the OBA group. Consistent with this change, the production of interleukin-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) by SVCs from the OBA group was decreased by 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment. The 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment significantly reduced the toll-like receptor 4 and dual-specificity protein phosphatase 1 (also known as mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1) mRNA levels in SVCs and MCP-1 production by adipocytes from all 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that vitamin D can attribute to the inhibition of the inflammatory response in VAT from atherosclerotic mice by reducing proinflammatory cytokine production.

Effect of UV-B irradiated vitamin D enriched yeast supplementation on milk performance and blood chemical profiles in dairy cows

  • Patipan Hnokaew;Tossapol Moonmanee;Chirawath Phatsara;Nattaphon Chongkasikit;Prayad Trirawong;Lukman Abiola Oluodo;Saowaluck Yammuen-Art
    • Animal Bioscience
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    • v.36 no.10
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    • pp.1536-1545
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    • 2023
  • Objective: The objective was to evaluate the effects of UV-B irradiated vitamin D-enriched yeast supplementation on milk yield, milk composition, vitamin D in milk, milk fatty acids, blood chemistry, and 25(OH)D status in dairy cows. Methods: Six Thai Friesian cows (milk production, 11.2±2.0 kg/d; body weight, 415.0±20.0 kg; and days in milk, 90.0±6.0) were allocated to each treatment in a 3×3 Latin square design, with three treatments and three periods. Each period of the Latin square lasted 49 days consisting of 14 days for diet adaptation and 35 days for sample collection. Dairy cows were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: i) feeding a basal diet without yeast (CON); ii) basal diet + 5 g of live yeast (75 IU/head/d of vitamin D2; LY); and iii) basal diet + 5 g of UV-B irradiated vitamin D enriched yeast (150,000 IU/head/d of vitamin D2; VDY). Feed intake and milk production were recorded daily, milk sample collection occurred on days 14 and 35 of each collection period, and blood plasma was collected on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 of each collection period. Results: The results show that after a trial period of 14 and 35 days, the VDY group had significantly higher vitamin D content in milk than the LY and CON groups (376.41 vs 305.15, 302.14 ng/L and 413.46 vs 306.76, 301.12 ng/L, respectively). At days 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 of the experiment, cows fed the VDY group had significantly higher 25(OH)D2 status in blood than the CON and LY groups (51.07 vs 47.16, 48.05 ng/mL; 54.96 vs 45.43, 46.91 ng/mL; 56.16 vs 46.87, 47.16 ng/mL; 60.67 vs 44.39, 46.17 ng/mL and 63.91 vs 45.88, 46.88 ng/mL), respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion, UV-B irradiated vitamin D-enriched yeast supplementation could improve vitamin D content in the milk and 25(OH)D status in dairy cows during the lactation period.

Association between vitamin D deficiency and anemia among Korean adolescent girls and young women (여자 청소년 및 젊은 여성의 비타민 D 결핍과 빈혈과의 연관성 분석)

  • Jang, Haeun;Park, Seonghee;Park, Kyong
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.52 no.6
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    • pp.552-558
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: Although vitamin D deficiency is common among Korean adolescent girls and young women, few studies have explored the potential health effects of vitamin D deficiency in this vulnerable population. This study examined the association between vitamin D deficiency and anemia in Korean adolescent girls and young women. Methods: The data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008 ~ 2014 were used. A total of 3,643 girls and adult women aged 12 to 29 who provided all the information (including serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D, hemoglobin, and/or serum ferritin) needed for the analysis were included in the analysis. Demographic, lifestyle, and health data were obtained through survey questionnaires. Anemia and iron deficiency anemia were defined according to the World Health Organization cut-offs. Multivariable logistic regression, and restricted cubic spline regression were used in the analysis. Results: In fully adjusted logistic regression models, the vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with higher prevalences of anemia (odds ratio (OR): 1.61, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04 ~ 2.49) and iron deficiency anemia (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.01 ~ 2.03). In a cubic spline regression model, we observed a dose-response relationship between serum 25(OH)D concentration and anemia, and this linear relationship was also clearly observed between serum 25(OH)D concentration and iron deficiency anemia. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency may be associated with a higher prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and anemia in adolescent girls and young women. Alternatively, vitamin D deficiency may be a concurrent event for patients with anemia, which we cannot distinguish in this cross-sectional study. Further studies are needed to verify the causality in this population of low vitamin D levels.