• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.29-40
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• 2000

Autonomic and EEG responses were analyzed in 32 college students exposed to visual stimulation with Korean Affective Picture System (KAPS) and 36 students exposed to the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Cardiac, electrodermal, and electrocortical measures were recorded during 30 sec of viewing affective pictures. The slides intended to elicit basic emotions (fear, anger, surprise, disgust, and sadness) were presented to subjects via Kodak slide-projector. The aim of the study was to differentiate autonomic and EEG responses associated with the same negative valence emotions elicited by KAPS and IAPS stimulation and to identify the influence of cultural relevance on physiological reactivity. The analysis of obtained results revealed significant differences in physiological responsiveness to emotionally negative valence slides from KAPS and IAPS. The typical response profile for all emotions elicited by the KAPS included HR acceleration (except surprise), and increase of electrodermal activity, slow and fast alpha blocking and fast beta power increase in EEG, which was not associated with significant asymmetry (except fast alpha in sadness). Stimulation with the IAPS evoked HR deceleration, specific electrodermal responses with relatively high tonic electrodermal activation, alpha-blocking and fast beta increase, and was accompanied also by theta power increase and marked frontal asymmetry (e.g., fast beta, theta asymmetries in sadness, fast alpha in fear). Physiological responses to fear and anger-eliciting slides from the IAPS were significantly less profound and were accompanied by autonomic and EEG changes more typical for attention rather than negative affect. Higher cardiovascular and electrodermal reactivity to fear emotion observed in the KAPS, e.g., as compared to data with the IAPS as stimuli, can be explained by cultural relevance and higher effectiveness of the KAPS in producing certain emotions such as fear in Koreans.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.233-242
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• 2009

Recently the studies on user-centered design and form-development have become issues of general interest as the key methods for successful design. For form analysis on user it is important needs that an integrated approach of existing methods and development of expert tool for designer. Moreover analysis methods and tools have to meet with the designers needs of visual result, clear direction, concrete formative factor, user's emotional response and designer-friendly interface. This study proposed the main concepts of form analysis tool based on the user's emotional response ; integrated management, variables set-up, visual result of analysis, in-depth analysis with data mining and correlation, and reinforcement of user-centered analysis. Specific analysis tool consists of 5 functions: Project Management, Analysis Frame Set-up, Data Input-output, Basic Analysis, and In-depth Analysis. The feasibility of proposed tool was verified by a case study of mobile phone design in under-graduate class.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.73-92
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• 2020

This article addresses the possibility of developing a new art appreciation method using olfaction, which was not previously considered an important sense in expanding the cultural enjoyment of visually impaired people. The human olfactory system is a faculty that is not considered very important in modern society; however, this is due to cultural factors, and from a biological point of view, the human sense of smell has sufficient potential for practical application. In this study, it is assumed that when various types of scent are perceived through this sense of smell, each has its own unconscious relation to color and concept, which researchers have termed "color directivity" and "concept directivity." Through experiments, the researchers found that some specific scents have color directivity and concept directivity, and in using these scents, they succeeded in delivering information about colors used in artworks to the visually impaired. Based on this study, we hope to continue our research on the use of color-concept directional scents that can convey the brightness and saturation of colors and more diverse hues.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.135-150
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to understand the formative characteristics of futuristic virtual fashion revealed in virtual fashion platforms targeting the human body. First, the current status of fashion in the metaverse and futurist fashion were reviewed and summarized by referring to prior research. Next, among the items posted on DRESSX, "futurism" was searched and those resturning a positive result were collected as research subjects. The characteristics were organized into design elements: colors, shapes, materials, and patterns. Futuristic aesthetic characteristics were derived from the characteristics of each design element. As a result, color showed the characteristics of achromatic, vivid and neon colors, multi-color and gradation, multi-color due to reflected light, and color conversion. As for the form, a body-concious look or exaggerated silhouettes, spatial expressions in geometric structures, forms imitating living things, and fluid silhouettes using clouds were prominent. Materials showed the digitization of universal clothing materials, application of industrial materials, use of metal materials, and unrealistic materials. In the patterns, geometric abstract patterns, patterns that reveal the digital world view, and moving fluid patterns appeared. The aesthetic characteristics of futurism in virtual fashion were revealed in four categories: visual dynamics, high-tech sensibility, variability, kineticisim. Visual dynamics were revealed in geometric forms, and intense neon colors. High-tech sensibility was prominent in the use of metal and industrial materials, light emission, and patterns of the digital world view. The expression of multiple colors by reflected light and the change showed the variability of futurism. The use of unrealistic materials, such as clouds and fire and fluid silhouettes expressed kineticisim. The infinite expressiveness of virtual fashion made it possible to actively express the aesthetic characteristics of futurism.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.20-29
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• 2011

This research is based on the environmental psychology model of Albert Mehrabian & JAMES a. Russell. The purpose of this research is to search a method of planning a spatial image improving the degree of access that is audience's dependent response to a display space image of a museum for children. A museum for children is the place for education with experience and its main audience is children and parents. It indicates with a basis of the environmental psychology model that a designer needs to consider the emotional response of children and parents in designing the space. The space design starts from a plan of space image that is delivered to audience through the five senses. Image on the space means visual image as people acquire information mostly through the sense of sight. Visual image consists of shape, the feel of a material, and color that is the most influential factor to the sensibility of audience. Therefore, firstly, this research measures the degree of audience's approach and avoidence on image of display space. In addition, this research suggests the improvement method by analyzing differences on the access of each space and audience based on visual image. Secondly, four factors are extracted through factor analysis based on the result of adjective survey result.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.38
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• pp.233-240
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to find the coordination trend of the Image of the color and object from the department show-window display locating in the kangnam area. The result of this study were summarized as following: 1) Show window display determinating the first image of department-store marketing service, playing the role of visual marketing provides the valuable impressions with shoppers in the times of sensibility, 2) In contemporary recognition of "Design is namely culture", show window display proceeds on the direction of concrete and practical presentation of merchandise as many customers are pursuing the high graded luxury brands while their life styles change. 3) Main concept is represented by the coordinated fashion goods on the mannequin or the body and the main theme is displayed variously in the circumferential area or on the articles with the abstract and concrete objects of diverse forms of dominant color and accent color conveying the seasonal theme precisely. 4) The compositive element of color Is the decisive factor of the visual sense of space In the coordination-trends of show window display specially representing the seasonal theme or the intentional messages and conduces to the psychological and mental desire in human and the circumstances, 5) Following the color, the compositive element of object presents the concrete image of theme or the abstract and geometrical sense of space besides the visual sense of space and shows the proportionality and the activity in displaying the show window space.dow space.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 2015

In this paper, amplitude and phase difference patterns for theta and alpha bands of the Evoked Potential(EP) in relation to perform a task at visual stimulus were analyzed using the Empirical mode decomposition(EMD). The EMD is applied to decompose EP signals with task-related sub-frequency band signals. Intrinsic mode function was implied in Hilbert transform and instantaneous amplitude and phase differences of theta and alpha were derived from Hilbert transformed EP. In a task status, large amplitude for both bands was observed at P2, N2, and P3 points as well as maximum phase difference was observed at N1 and P2. We confirmed that both bands are associated with a task at visual stimulus, and less associated with fixation. The proposed method enhances the time and frequency resolution in comparison with band-pass filter method which observed different phase results according to conditions.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.49-60
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• 2017

Previous research found that merely touching an object can create psychological ownership and the endowment effect. It was also found that just imagining touching an object without actually touching the object can make the same effect on psychological ownership. Prior research on haptic imagery examined the effect of haptic imagery induced by direct instruction of imaging on psychological ownership. We investigate a new method which can induce the haptic imagery in a more natural way than direct instruction of imaging. We manipulated imagery conditions such as visual-haptic congruence multimodal cue, visual-haptic incongruent multimodal cue, direct instruction condition and control condition, and examined the effects on imagery vividness, feeling of physical control, perceived ownership, and purchase intention. We conducted the experiment on 140 undergraduate students and our results showed that visual-haptic congruence multimodal cue condition is more effective than direct instruction of haptic imagery while visual-haptic incongruence multimodal cue condition is not effective. Our study extends prior haptic imagery research by making important marketing implications for online retailing.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.3-14
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• 2018

For satisfying consumer needs, commercial facilities require a variety of sale-related space expressions and eye-catching product arrangements; space composition can also be a direct marketing strategy. The human eye is the sensory organ that acquires the largest amount of information, and an analysis of visual information helps in understanding visual relations between . However, the existing studies are mostly focused on analysis of still frames in experimental images, and there is a lack of studies analyzing gaze information based on mobile images of commercial spaces. Therefore, this study analyzed emotional responses through gaze information of space users in reality using a video of a movement route through a commercial facility. The analysis targeted straight sections of the moving route; based on the data acquired, sectional characteristics of five gaze intensity ranges were examined. As a result, section A, the starting point of the route, had a low gaze intensity, while section B had the highest gaze intensity. This indicates that, starting in section B, the subjects explored the space in a stable way and needed time to adapt to the experimental video. In relation to space characteristics of the gaze-concentrated area, display formats of the right stores in 4 of 6 sections received greater attention. The gaze of consumers was mostly focused on props, and big gaze information was revealed in showcase display formats of the stores. In conclusion, this analysis method can provide highly useful direct design data about merchandise display and merchandise component arrangement based on consumer visual preference.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.17-28
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• 2019

The touchscreen device is now commonly found in the form of mobile phones, tablet PCs, and other devices. Varied physical and visual experiences can be experienced through touchscreens. This study intended to explore how the physical and visual experiences provided by the touchscreen would affect people through their existing associations of behavior-attitude. Previous studies have found that certain behaviors affect attitudes. In particular, the approach-avoidance behavior has been noted to influence both social and personal attitudes. It was thus deemed necessary to ascertain the approach-avoidance effect exerted by touchscreens on the attitudes of users as the technology is widely used today. Experiment 1 provided an approach-avoidance experience via a touchscreen and demonstrated that touchscreen-based approach-avoidance dragging behavior on the touchscreen can affect a user's preference and purchase intent. It was found that a product that had been approached showed both higher preference and higher purchase intent than a product that had been avoided. Experiment 2 investigated whether a similar effect would occur when only the visual experience of approach-avoidance was provided. The outcome proved that products that had been visually approached had higher scores than products that had been avoided, both in terms of preference and purchase intent. The movement of the arm on the touchscreen (Experiment 1) and the visual perception of the approach-avoidance experience (Experiment 2) were both shown to influence participants' attitudes toward products. The results of this study suggest that the behavior and perception of users may be an important factor in designing touchscreen interfaces for online shopping.