• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2016

Background: Inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) of the mandible is commonly used in the oral cavity as an anesthetic technique for dental procedures. This study evaluated the success rate of the first IANB administered by dental practitioners. Methods: Volunteer dental practitioners at Mahidol University who had never performed an INAB carried out 106 INAB procedures. The practitioners were divided into 12 groups with their advisors by randomized control trials. We recorded the success rate via pain visual analog scale (VAS) scores. Results: A large percentage of the dental practitioners (85.26%) used the standard method to locate the anatomical landmarks, injecting the local anesthetic at the correct position, with the barrel of the syringe parallel to the occlusal plane of the mandibular teeth. Further, 68.42% of the dental practitioners injected the local anesthetic on the right side by using the left index finger for retraction. The onset time was approximately 0-5 mins for nearly half of the dental practitioners (47.37% for subjective onset and 43.16% for objective onset), while the duration of the IANB was approximately 240-300 minutes (36.84%) after the initiation of numbness. Moreover, the VAS pain scores were $2.5{\pm}1.85$ and $2.1{\pm}1.8$ while injecting and delivering local anesthesia, respectively. Conclusions: The only recorded factor that affected the success of the local anesthetic was the administering practitioner. This reinforces the notion that local anesthesia administration is a technique-sensitive procedure.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.657-664
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• 2014

본 논문은 SDR(Software-Defined Radio) 송수신기의 운용 소프트웨어 품질평가를 위한 평가 척도를 제시하고 평가를 자동화할 수 있는 평가 소프트웨어 개발에 대해 설명한다. SDR 운용 소프트웨어는 하드웨어에 종속적인 동작을 하기 때문에 이에 맞는 평가 척도를 도출하기 위하여 동작 환경 및 운영 분야와 동작 방식에 근거한 품질평가 요구사항을 추출하였다. 도출된 평가 척도를 이용한 품질평가의 자동화를 위하여 평가 소프트웨어를 C#언어와 MySQL 데이터베이스를 이용하여 개발하였다. 평가 소프트웨어는 데이터베이스를 이용하여 평가 요소를 입력 또는 갱신할 수 있으며 스크립트를 이용한 자동 평가 기능이 있으며 평가 결과의 시각적 표현이 가능하도록 개발되었다. 도출된 평가 척도와 평가 소프트웨어를 사용하여 파악된 소프트웨어 품질 향상을 위한 개선점은 고품질 SDR 운용 소프트웨어 개발에 유용하게 사용되고 있다.

• 복식
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• 제60권9호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is in allowing thinking about the design development process which is more towards the visual and perceptional aspects related to the form structure by more diverse methods by typology of idea generation. To accomplish such goal, researches in the psychology, pedagogy, engineering, and consilient studies as well as related precedent researches and reference data in architecture, promotion, industrial design, and other art fields and fashion designs are collected and analyzed to see the study trend. In addition, in the content analysis method based on such, the idea generation was classified into types in consideration of relevancy, usefulness, and suitability with fashion. First, a concentrated thinking of a limited space is a method of leading an optimal design by focusing on solving the cause of a problem within a space which generates the problem. Second, plan thinking per section of structure decomposition is a method of dismantling the design problems per organization, thinking type, factor, and characteristic into sub-modules to re-interpret and re-organize the problems in various aspects. Third, an associated thinking through interpreting relationships among vocabularies is a method of selecting the marginal languages that allow a person to come up with concrete forms and the key words related to fashion to import the characteristics and attributes of the marginal languages and thematic relationship between the two terms to search the relevancy. Lastly, the free integrated thinking of language extension is a method of groping integration between other fields and fashion by free integration among the extended terms by extending the vocabularies through inferring metaphorical expressions founded upon individual's memories or knowledge concepts regarding theme words that do not allow concrete forms to come up.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2014

3D 애니메이션에서 사운드 효과는 몰입감을 증대시키는 주요한 요인이다. 특히 사운드와 영상 사이의 상호작용은 의미의 전달을 극명하게 만드는 하나의 표현방식으로 영상제작에서 여러 가지 방식으로 응용된다. 사운드와 영상의 상호 작용 중에 아웃포커싱 기법은 실사 영상과 3D 애니메이션에서 많이 사용하는 기법으로 정지된 물체에 역동성을 가미할 수 있는 표현 방법이다. 그러나 실사촬영과는 달리 3D 애니메이션의 경우 뮤직비디오나 폭파 장면등에 아웃포커싱을 구현하는 것은 까다로운 작업이다. 더욱이 음원의 리듬에 동기화된 영상효과를 표현하기 위해서는 키프레임 조작을 수동으로 해야 하므로 매우 번거롭다. 본 연구는 음원데이터를 활용하여 영상과 이상적인 결합을 살펴보고 카메라의 피사계 심도를 음원에 동기화시켜 장면을 아웃포커싱하는 새로운 제작 기법을 제안한다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2006

As national income increases, consumers began to place a great deal of weight on products or quality of their life. They would like to have products which are more convenient to use and could meet their emotional desire in addition to its basic functional requirements. An automobile is one of the transportation system for human beings and the factor such as safety or environmentaly-friendly is regarded as important things resulting from it's popularization. In fact, domestic design technology leaves much to be desired compared with excellent manufacturing techniques. For this reason, some problems, like lowering of usage, could be caused by introducing technological data as it is from overseas. A survey of domestic car users has found that the most preferred condition (step height) is 460~495cm when they get in and out of their car. Men use their visual information and then get in the car, taking motion fit for each condition when automobile condition is changed. In other words, men get in cars actively within the range of conditions used for this study. These results were found from a motion study, when getting in a car, and checking the possibility of getting injury in accordance with the change of condition as well.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.91-107
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• 2014

In computer-mediated idea generation where contributions can be anonymous, the ability to accurately monitor performances is limited, inducing social loafing. Prior research has suggested that social loafing is likely an important factor in reducing task performance. Researchers have theorized that loafing could be minimized if clear performance feedback is provided. Our prior study evidences a substantial performance gain by the provision of real time performance information about who is contributing and who is not. However, our prior study incorporated the quantity feedback only to create a larger pool of ideas based on the long-standing assumption (i.e., quantity breeds quality), not considering the quality feedback. As a result, taking advantage of anonymity in the form of pseudonymity, individuals in almost all groups exhibited a tendency of self-presentation by capitalizing on ideas of which quality was low and even frivolous (i.e., junk comments) toward the later stages of the session. Thus, we have learned that the quantity performance feedback alone does not have enough restrictiveness to consistently control the performance behavior throughout the session. Since a process chart allows participants to monitor process variation by comparing new performance data to past performance data, we incorporated real-time visual process performance feedback to reveal performance histories by connecting the sequence of idea quality scores in a time-series format. Using this environment, a laboratory experiment was conducted with five-member groups that examined the influence of both identifiability (i.e., anonymity versus pseudonymity) and process performance feedback (i.e., yes or no) in a $2{\times}2$ factorial design. The result showed that groups in the process performance feedback treatment outperformed groups in the no feedback treatment. Additionally, process performance feedback and identifiability interacted such that groups in the process performance feedback/pseudonymity treatment had the highest performance. The implications of these findings for future research, as well as the implications for the design of group idea generation procedures are discussed.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.243-268
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• 2007

It is critical to manage risks to complete IS(Information Systems) projects successfully. Identifying risk factors would be the first step for the project risk management. Previous research has discussed the issue with various points of view, such as different risk factors based on project types and roles involved in their projects. This paper empirically explored how people perceive different risk factors by project development methodology, between self-developing IS using programming language like C, Visual Basic and adapting software package already developed by software venders like ERP, CRM packages. There are researches regarding project risk factors for project management in the several point of views. And there are also researches regarding comparison between self-developing and adapting software packages methodology in IS project. However, there are no study on project risk factors comparison between self-developing IS using programming language and adapting software packages already developed by software venders in IS project. This research can be differentiated from previous ones, because it was considered both point of project risk management and development methodology in IS project. This research results implied meaningful messages to enterprise company to be planned IS projects and people who involved in IS projects. They should consider and need to prepare differently according to each development methodology for preventing project risks. It makes them reduce project risks in each case and complete successfully IS projects. Especially, if they have no experiences for implementing software packages, they can forecast the project risks and prepare them in advance.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.405-410
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• 2020

패션은 미용과 함께 신분, 지위, 혼인 여부, 개인 성향 등을 표현하는 시각적 수단이며 과거의 생활습관까지 유추할 수 있는 중요한 실용문화 유산이다. 현대사회에서는 헤어, 메이크업, 네일아트 등의 미용뿐만 아니라 여성 정장, 하이힐, 모자, 장갑, 핸드백, 목걸이 등과 같은 패션도 여성의 사회적 존재를 부각하면서 경쟁력을 배가시키는 요인으로 작용한다. 봉건적 가치관과 고정관념에 저항하면서 시대적 선도성을 발휘한 일제 강점기 신여성은 혁신적 여성상의 모범이며 21세기 과학기술의 급진적 발전에 부응하는 여성성의 표본을 제시하기 때문에 진정한 양성평등(兩性平等) 사회를 향한 원동력이자 발전적 미래설계를 위한 발판으로 작용한다. 신여성들의 패션스타일에서 발산되는 여성성에 대하여 뷰티 전공 여대생 관점으로 요인을 분석한 본 연구를 통하여 건설적 자조론(自助論)을 정립한 여성성의 표본 제시가 가능해짐과 동시에 현대 여성들의 자존감 정립과 성공하는 혁신적 여성성의 확고한 기틀도 마련되리라 사료된다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제18권36호
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• pp.49-59
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• 1995

The vehicle navigation system is developed for helping driver to retrieve driving information more easily and fastly. Navigation System informs driver many pieces of driving information - roadway structure and system, on-line traffic condition, the position of vehicle, route guidance, destination and other information service. As the style of information is diverse and the amount of information is large, driver may have mental and visual overload. The display of information can disturb the driver's attention and this can cause accidents. This state is caused by the defect of human-machine interactions. When the navigation system is designed, human factors - cognitive, judgment, operating - must be considered. The display style must be designed simply and easily, not to be obstacle of human -machine interface. In this study, outside-in view display style and inside-out view display style are compared each other. Two factors are measured. One is cognitive factor-time of cognition on information that is displayed by screen display, cognition error rate. The other is image of screen display - subject's feeling about several styles of display, degree of subject's preference. The prototype of roadway is four kinds - Cross, T-cross, Y-cross and O-cross. Roadway display for test is taken from paper maps. Traffic condition display style, vehicle position display style and route guidance display style are taken from current display style. Traffic condition display style is symbol. Vehicle position display style and route guidance display style are described as color and symbol. The test on screen display is implemented doing given tasks. Then the test is analyzed statistically, The result of test analysis gives the guideline to the designer for the map display of the vehicle navigation system.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2003

According to the recent report, the lighting energy consumption of commercial buildings reaches to $30%\sim40%$ of the total energy consumption. It is more than that of cooling & heating energy consumption and it is the major target of energy-saving policy. It is obvious that they are interested in natural lighting device such as Light-shelf for the purpose of raising the lighting energy-saving efficiency. In most of highly developed countries, a thorough study on Light-shelf makes it possible to propose a practical plan while at home there leaves much to be desired to study a guiding principle of optimum plan in spite of its efficiency based on experiments using scale4 model and analysis of simulation. Aiming at making an optimum plan of Light-shelf suitable for the domestic situation, this study is worked by experiments using light-shelf and analysis of variables using illumination program. The experiments is to analyse the efficiency of Light-shelf on condition of the sky and the analysis is to make the simulation using illumination program. This study is composed of 1) the analysis of light with some variables such as presence of light-shelf and degree of angle using 1/2 scaled model 2) making the simulation using Lightscape, illumination program, In brief, concerning presence of light-shelf, it causes little difference in its efficiency in the overcast sky, whereas it decreases an illuminance of window side and provides inner side with the light, which decreases the ratio of the maximum to the minimum inner illuminance and makes the inner of illuminance to range evenly in the clear sky. On degree of angle, as the daylight increases in proportion of degree of angle, the ratio of the maximum to the minimum inner illuminance decreases, which makes it possible to increase the proportion of inner daylight.