• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.359-364
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• 1995

This experiment was conducted to get the fundamental information about the difference in color and some chemical components of grey flue-cured tobacco cultivated in paddy field to compare with normal tobacco. Cured leaves of NC82 were separated with visual characters into three classes of slight, fair and severe symptoms of grey leaf by percentage of grey parts to whole leaf area, and compared to normal ones. Occurrence of grey leaves tended to be higher in lower stalk position than in upper ones. Cl, Mn and Fe content of grey leaves was much higher when it compared with normal leaves, and within the same leaf, grey parts were increased in Fe, Mn and Cl content than in those of normal parts but there was no appearent difference in total sugar, nicotine and Ca contents. Chemical analysis of grey leaf samples indicated that they contained more Fe, Mn and Cl contents than those of normal leaves. These tendencies in chemical traits were accordance with the degree of grey symptoms. Grey leaves showed remarkably lower b*value and slightly lower L*value than those of normal leaves, while a*value was mostly higher in grey leaves. In general, grey appearence of grey flue-curd tobacco seemed to be from less yellowish color, poorer brightness with more brownish or reddish color.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.201-210
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• 2017

Objectives : To report the patient suspected chronic arsenic intoxication after Korean medicine treatment. Methods : One patient with highly suspected chronic arsenic intoxication was selected. He was suspected to be chronic arsenic intoxication because symptoms and hair heavy metals test. Acupuncture was applied for twice a day and herbal medicine(Pyeonghyeol-eum) was administered in 28 days. Evaluation method applied to xeroderma, pruritus, psoriasis were overall dry skin score(ODS), visual analogue scale(VAS), pruritus grading system(PGS). Results : Pyeonghyeol-eum, acupuncture and the other Korean medicine treatments improved xeroderma, pruritis, psoriasis after 28 days of treatment. ODS decreased from 3 to 2. VAS of Pruritus decreased from 8 to 1. PGS decreased from 15 to 4. Adverse effects were not reported. Conclusions : This study shows that the Korean medicine treatment was effective in impoving symptoms of chronic arsenic intoxication. But the additional study will be conducted for revealing dermatitis caused by chronic arsenic intoxication.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.195-203
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• 2007

1. Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Gihwangbaekho-tang which is based on the Sasang Constitutional Medicine for the patient who has suffered from hip joint pain. 2. Methods The subject is about 86-year-old patient suffering from hip joint pain who was diagnosed as Soyangin interior over heated disease based on his Nature & Emotion, physical characteristics, symptoms, and we have prescribed Gihwangbaekho-tang. We used Visual analogue scale(VAS) for the assessment of Hip joint pain. 3. Results and Conclusions The patient was treated with Gihwangbaekho-tang and hip joint pain, thirst, redness of the face, constipation and general condition were improved. This study describes tile improvement of Hip joint pain and the change of symptoms by using Gihwangbaekho-tang. In this study, we applied Gihwangbaekho-tang to 86-year-old patient for about forty days, and Gihwangbaekho-tang didn't cause any serious side effect on the patient.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.501-505
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• 2010

Objective : This study was undertaken to compare the diagnostic performances of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), MR myelography (MRM) and myelography in young soldiers with a herniated lumbar disc (HLD). Methods : Sixty-five male soldiers with HLD comprised the study cohort. A visual analogue scale for low back pain (VAS-LBP), VAS for leg radiating pain (VAS-LP), and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were applied. Lumbar MR, MRM, and myelographic findings were checked and evaluated by four independent radiologists, respectively. Each radiologist was asked to score (1 to 5) the degree of disc protrusion and nerve root compression using modified grading systems devised by the North American Spine Society and Pfirrmann and the physical examination rules for conscription in the Republic of Korea. Correlated coefficients between clinical and radiological factors were calculated. Interpretational reproducibility between MRI and myelography by four bases were calculated and compared. Results : Mean patient age was $20.5{\pm}1.1$. Mean VAS-LBP and VAS-LP were $6.7{\pm}1.6$ and $7.4{\pm}1.7$, respectively. Mean ODI was $48.0{\pm}16.2%$. Mean MRI, MRM, and myelography scores were $3.3{\pm}0.9$, $3.5{\pm}1.0$, and $3.9{\pm}1.1$, respectively. All scores of diagnostic performances were significantly correlated (p < 0.05). However, none of these scores reflected the severity of patients' symptoms. There was no statistical difference of interpretational reproducibility between MRI and myelography. Conclusion : Although MRI and myelography are based on different principles, they produce similar interpretational reproducibility in young soldiers with a HLD. However, these modalities do not reflect the severity of symptoms.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.93-103
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• 2012

Objectives Rate of gastroesophageal reflux disease accompanied by irritable bowel syndrome is on the increase. This case study reports significant improvement of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and irritable bowel syndrome who had suffered from chest pain, globus pharyngis and diarrhea after taking Sasang constitutional treatment. Methods This patient was diagnosed as Large Yin type Esophagus Cold pattern(Taeeumin Wiwanhanjeung). Herb medicine(Jowiseungcheong-tang) was taken by the patient, three or two times per day during treatment periods. We assessed the changes of the main symptoms such as chest pain, globus pharyngis, defecation discomfort, insomnia et al. using visual analogue scale(VAS). Results The symptoms of chest pain, globus pharyngis, defecation discomfort, insomnia decreased from VAS 7~8 to VAS 0~1 for about three months. Conclusions This case shows that Sasang constitutional medicine treatment can be effective treatment method for gastroesophageal reflux disease accompanied by irritable bowel syndrome.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.154-165
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find out long-term effects of the self-help program including the stretching exercise of patient with fibromyalgia, Our findings will have the way for the nursing intervention for reduction of fibromyalgia symptoms and physical disability. Method: The research design was pre-post test design of an experimental group. 41 subjects with fibromyalgia were subjected to our study. Participants of this program were participated with a group of 8 to 12 members with duration of two and half hours for two years(March. 1998 to January. 2000). The Self-efficacy was measured by the Self-efficacy scale. Symptom was converted to scores based on visual analog scale. Physical disability was measured with questionnaires prepared by researchers of this study. Data were collected by the structured interview using questionnaires after self-help program and after 8 months. Data were analyzed by frequency, $x^2$-test and repeated t-test using SPSS 11.0 for windows. Result: Daily activities were not changed but self-described symptom was changed after 8 months. After 8 months, exercise performance along with taking drugs showed significantly lowering trend with respect to self-help program. Relieved symptom of patient with fibromyalgia has continued until 8months after 6weeks program of self-help. Also Promoted self-efficacy of patient with fibromyalgia continued after 8months. After 8 months, in self-described physical disability has showed significantly worse off than after self-help program. Conclusion: In this study, the long-term effects after self-help program for fibromyalgia have showed all symptoms and self-efficacy except exercise performance and physical disability. Therefore, it will be desirable that application of the follow up program with peer group meeting.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.133-144
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• 2020

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the effect of Korean medicine treatment on limitation of eye movement in Miller-Fisher Syndrome. Methods : A patient was treated with herbal medicines, acupuncture(including electropuncture, phamacopuncture), Moxibustion and cupping therapy. To evaluate the result of this treatment, we used photographs of eye movement, Scott and Kraft score of both eye, length of eyeball movement and visual analogue scale(VAS) for subjective symptoms. Results : After treatment, the limitation of eye movement and diplopia were remarkably improved. Also, other symptoms such as dizziness, gait disturbance, facial nerve disorder were disappeared. Conclusions : This study suggests that Korean medicine treatments are effective for patient with limitation of eye movement in Miller-Fisher Syndrome.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.43-49
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• 2015

Objectives: We evaluated the effect of the traditional Korean medical therapy of catgut-embedding therapy in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Methods: Thirteen patients(20 hands) with CTS underwent catgut-embedding therapy once per week for a total of 1-4 sessions. We measured the time to tingling in the fingers on performing Phalen's test. We also had patients use a visual analog scale (VAS) to indicate the severity of tingling. We also asked about the awakening time at night due to pain and tingling. We controlled the treatment as being limited to four sessions. Even if a patient had not been treated for four sessions, we ended the patient's treatment if symptoms resolved. Results: Patients who received catgut-embedding therapy showed significant improvements in the clinical symptoms of CTS. After treatment, in a total of 19 hands, the status of fourteen was changed from positive to negative in Phalen's test and the average of tingling occurrence time in that test was delayed. Among the 20 hands, the VAS in eight hands changed to zero and the average of VAS score decreased. Furthermore, in nine patients, four could sleep well without the use of a splint. Conclusions: Patients undergoing this traditional Korean medical therapy showed alleviation of finger tingling after even a single treatment. We thus concluded that this traditional Korean catgut-embedding therapy, may be effective for treating CTS. However, to confirm the effects of catgut-embedding therapy on CTS, further tests are required, including under the defined, strict conditions of a randomized controlled trial.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study is to understand effect on respiratory disease and satisfaction of parents about acupoint sticking in hottest period of summer. Methods A survey was conducted to the parents of their children who took acupoint sticking in Dog-days for two years in a row. 17 children (10 boys, 7 girls, 4.0-12.11 years) were attached Socheongo to BL-13, BL-15, BL-17 for 3 hours. In terms of the effectiveness of the therapy, the treatment only considered as effective when there is any improvement in respiratory symptoms. Results 11 children (64.7%) from the study group have shown positive effect. There were significant improvements in frequency of having a cold or duration of a cold; duration of rhinitis; frequency of having empyema or its duration; frequency of having bronchitis; frequency of having pneumonia; frequency of having otitis media. Respiratory health VAS (Visual Analog Scale) had significant increase from 5 to 6.71 (p<0.05). 7 parents (41.2%) were satisfied with acupoint in hottest period of summer and 16 parents (94.1%) wanted to have their children get treated again in next year. From the survey, inconveniences of acupuncture were weak attachment of the acupoint (23.5%), long attaching time (11.8%), pressure about number of treatments (5.9%), worry about side effects (5.9%). Side effects have been reported; 2 pruritus (11.8%), 1 pruritus and erythema (5.9%). Conclusions Acupoint sticking in hottest period of summer improves lung symptoms in children older than three years old. However, the ways to reduce the side effects and inconveniences are needed.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.241-256
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• 2011

Objectives: This study is to observe the effect of oriental medicine treatment combined with Soyeom pharmacopuncture therapy on traumatic rupture of intervertebral disc patients caused by traffic accidents. Methods: The patients who have traumatic rupture in lumbar(L)-spine(case 1) and cervical(C)-spine(case 2) were treated by oriental medicine treatment in combination with Soyeom pharmacopunture therapy. VAS(visual analog scale), ROM(range of motion), and physical exam were checked on a daily basis while NDI(neck disability index) and ODI(Oswestry disability index) were examined for 3 times at 7 day interval. Results: 1. Fer 8-9 days from the admission day, the sole use of oriental medicine treatment did not make many improvements in the case of two patients' symptoms. After combining with Soyeom pharmacopuncture therapy, chief complaints were improved significantly. 2. In case 1, lumbago decreased from VAS 10 to VAS 5 and lumbar ROM got better than before. ODl score cropped from 42 to 27. 3. In case 2, left shoulder pain and nuchal pain lowered from VAS 10 to VAS 4, left upper limb numbness and weakness were improved, The patient showed nearly fun ROM. NDI score decreased from 26 to 19. Conclusions: Oriental medicine treatment in combination with Soyeom pharmacopuncture therapy is proved to be helpful to improve the symptoms of the traumatic rupture of intervertebral else patients caused by traffic accident.