• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.251-258
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• 1996

The V3 loop, a hypervariable domain of envelope glycoprotein, has an essential role in viral infectivity and has a major epitope for type-specific neutralizing antibody. In order to investigate genetic diversity of V3 region of gp120 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolated from Korean patients, DNA sequences encoding the C2 to V3 region were amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from 15 HIV-1 seropositive patients and nucleotide sequences were determined. All nucleotide sequences from fifteen patients were compared with 8 distinctive subtypes (A-H) and another subtype O. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out with PHYLIP ver 3.5 (Dnapars) program. Of the 15 isolates, 14 HIV-1 subjects were clustered with subtype B, while one was clustered with subtype C. Intra-subtype B distance at the nucleotide and deduced amino acid level were maximum 17.7% and 37.0%, respectively. Intra-patient distance at the nucleotide and deduced amino acid level were maximum 7.3% and 17.8%, respectively. Analysis of the nucleotide sequences revealed that Korean types have relatively well conserved sequences. These findings could be useful for assessing the source of infection and developing an AIDS vaccine.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.117-120
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• 2015

Virus-associated immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) can occur following common viruses, but cases of ITP associated with influenza infection has seldom been reported. In this report we describe a previously healthy 5-year-old boy who admitted with fever, flu-like symptoms and a few bruises on both legs. Severe thrombocytopenia were found. Bone marrow aspirates and biopsy showed no abnormalities and results of coagulation tests were all in normal limit. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was positive for influenza B infection. The patient fully recovered with intravenous immunoglobulins and steroid therapy.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.1354-1361
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• 2015

The complement system is a part of the natural immune regulation mechanism against invading pathogens. Complement activation from three different pathways (classical, lectin, and alternative) leads to the formation of C5-convertase, an enzyme for cleavage of C5 into C5a and C5b, followed by C6, C7, C8, and C9 in membrane attack complex. The C9 is the last complement component of the terminal lytic pathway, which plays an important role in lysis of the target cells depending on its self-polymerization to form transmembrane channels. To address the association of C9 with traits related to disease resistance, the complete porcine C9 cDNA was comparatively sequenced to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in pigs of the breeds Hampshire (HS), Duroc (DU), Berlin miniature pig (BMP), German Landrace (LR), Pietrain (PIE), and Muong Khuong (Vietnamese potbelly pig). Genotyping was performed in 417 $F_2$ animals of a resource population (DUMI: $DU{\times}BMP$) that were vaccinated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Aujeszky diseases virus and porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus at 6, 14 and 16 weeks of age, respectively. Two SNPs were detected within the third exon. One of them has an amino acid substitution. The European porcine breeds (LR and PIE) show higher allele frequency of these SNPs than Vietnamese porcine breed (MK). Association of the substitution SNP with hemolytic complement activity indicated statistically significant differences between genotypes in the classical pathway but not in the alternative pathway. The interactions between eight time points of measurement of complement activity before and after vaccinations and genotypes were significantly different. The difference in hemolytic complement activity in the both pathways depends on genotype, kind of vaccine, age and the interaction to the other complement components. These results promote the porcine C9 (pC9) as a candidate gene to improve general animal health in the future.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.482-490
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• 2001

The gene for glycoprotein B (gB2) of HSV-2-strain G was subcloned, sequenced, recombinated into the lacZ-HcNPV, expressed in insect cells, and compared with the homologous gene of other HSV-2 strains. The ORF of the gB2 gene was 2,715 bp. The overall nucleotide sequence homology of te gB2 gene compared ith that of the two previously reported HSV-2 strains appeared to be over 98%. A recombinant virus named Baculo-gB2 protein in insect cells. The recombination was confirmed by a PCR and the expression was demonstrated by radio immunoprecipitation. Insect cells infected with the Baculo-gB2 virus synthesized and processed gB2 with approximately 120 kDa in the cells, and then secreted it into the culture media, where it reacted with a nomoclonal antibody to gB2. The gB2 polypeptide contained two main hydrophobic regions (a signal sequence from 1 to 23 amino acid residues, and a membrane anchor sequence from aa 745 to 798), eight N-glycosylation sites evenly distributed, and was rich in alanine (11.2%). Antibodies to this recombinant protein that were raised in mice recognized the viral gB2 and neutralized the infectivity of the HSV-2 in vitro. There results show that the gB2 protein was successfully porduced in insect cells and could be used to raise a protective neutralizing antibody. Accordingly, this particular recombinant protein may be useful in the development of a subunit vaccine.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.9
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• pp.177-200
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• 2005

2004 summer, most of Korean were shocked from serial killer Ryo young chul's criminal behavior. He had kept anger to society and selected the victim randomly. He killed many females and senior persons. Korean National Police's investigation method to homicide depend on traditional homicide investigative methods. But serial killer's criminal behaviour is evolving frequently. Therefore traditional investigative method is no effective to serial homicide anymore. If traditional investigative method is old version virus vaccine, serial killer's criminal behaviour is newly appeared computer virus. Fortunately all of criminal has modus operandi independently. Any person comes into contact with an object or another persons, a cross-transfer of physical evidence happens. In the future it is impossible to escape from confrontation with serial killer. It can be prospect that more severe copycat serial killer will appear in Korean society. Based on the Ryo young chul's criminal behavior. I'll try to analyse the serial killer's modus operandi through various aspects.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.311-319
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• 2018

This research attempted to identify the factors associated with the intention of human papilloma virus vaccination among mothers of elementary school daughters. The subject of study is 132 mothers of elementary school students. Data collection was conducted from July 1 to August 30 in 2017, and analyzed using SPSS 23.0 Program. Results showed that 94.7% children of the participants had not been vaccinated, whose reasons were the low knowledge about HPV vaccination, concerns about its side effects, burden for cost. The attitude toward HPV vaccination appeared to be the most important predictor of vaccination, which was followed by perceived behavior control and subjective norm as meaningful predictors, as well. Based on these results, further researches should be conducted to develop educational programs, which are able to offer exact information about the effect and side effect of HPV vaccination, and verify the effectiveness.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.194-198
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• 2019

Streptococcus dysgalactiae has two main subspecies: S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) and S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (SDSD). SDSE often colonizes and causes infections in humans; however, SDSD is an animal pathogen which often causes pyogenic infection in domestic animals. We present a case of meningitis with SDSD and herpes simplex virus in a 22-day-old newborn baby who had no exposure to animals.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.607-610
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• 2009

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes two diseases: Varicella, a generalized, primary infection, and herpes zoster (zoster), a secondary infection caused by latent VZV reactivation. Zoster can also be caused by latent VZV reactivation after a varicella vaccination. The complications associated with varicella include cutaneous infections, which are the most common, as well as pulmonary and neurological involvement. However, a deep venous thrombosis (DVT) has been rarely described as a varicella-associated complication. Here, we describe the case of a child with varicella zoster who developed a DVT that completely resolved after intravenous acyclovir and subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin treatment.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.603-610
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• 1987

The pathological and microbiological studies were carried out to investigate an acute, febrile, highly fetal, infectious disease of rabbits that had occurred in the Winter and in the Spring and that had begun to be reported in Korea from November, 1985. The clinical signs of this disease were characterized by high fever, lethargy, piercing shriek, convulsion, and sudden death with epistaxis, but often they were not observed. The predominant pathogical findings were severe congestion and hamorrhage in trachea, dark brown discoloration of liver by diffuse necrosis or acute viral hepatitis, and hamorrhagic damages of lung, heart, spleen, kidney, etc. The etiological agent was a small round virus, in 25-35nm in diameter and without envelope, thus looking like a picorna virus. This disease resembled what was called the 'Viral Hamorrhagic Pneumonia in Rabbits'(tentative name) that had been reported for the first time in China in 1984. It will be desirable that the disease should be renamed as the 'Viral Hemorrhagic Fever in Rabbits', the 'Acute Viral Hepatitis in Rabbits', etc. because of its charateristics and the basis of pathological findings. An inactivated vaccine is now in the process of preparation for the prophylaxis of this viral disease.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.5.1-5.8
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• 2018

Stimulator of interferon gene (STING) is induced by various inflammatory agents, such as lipopolysaccharide and microbial pathogens, including virus and bacteria. In this study, we obtained a full-length cDNA of a STING homolog from olive flounder using rapid amplification of cDNA ends PCR technique. The full-length cDNA of Paralichthys olivaceus STING (PoSTING) was 1442 bp in length and contained a 1209-bp open reading frame that translated into 402 amino acids. The theoretical molecular mass of the predicted protein sequence was 45.09 kDa. In the PoSTING protein, three transmembrane domains and the STING superfamily domain were identified as characteristic features. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that PoSTING expressed in all the tissues analyzed, but showed the highest level in the spleen. Temporal expression analysis examined the significantly upregulated expression of PoSTING mRNA after viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) stimulation. In contrast, no significant changes in the PoSTING expression were detected in Edwardsiella tarda-challenged group compared to the un-injected control. The expression of P. olivaceus type I interferon (PoIFN-I) was also highly upregulated upon VHSV challenge. These results suggest that STING might be involved in the essential immune defense against viral infection together with the activation of IFN-I in olive flounder.