• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.956-967
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• 2000

In this paper, we explore the issues of force display in the cooperative virtual environment shared by multiple users distributed over the network with heterogeneous hardware platforms. The proposed method is to cope with the problem of small time delay and the difference of sampling rate in the distributed configuration. In the proposed approach the interaction forces of the participants are just treated as the independent sources of acceleration. Thus the action of a participant simply changes the acceleration of the virtual object and consequently the states of the virtual object will be updated. When the updated states are reported to all the participants, the information on the time of state changes is delivered, too. Employing the discrete state information updated by the other users, each user modifies his own virtual environment and pseudo-realtime simulation can be realized. Excluding the software interface and the communication technique, it is proposed the simulation method for the operation of respective users and the way of calculating the driving input to the display device. For experimental verification we construct a cooperative virtual environment shared by two remote users and outline the results of experiments.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1351-1372
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• 2022

A self-organizing multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (multi-UAVs) deployment based on virtual forces has a difficulty in ensuring the quality-of-experience (QoE) of users because of the difference between the assumed center for users in a hotspot and an actual center for users in the hotspot. This discrepancy is aggravated in a non-uniform and mobile user distribution. To address this problem, we propose a new density based virtual force (D-VF) multi-UAVs deployment algorithm which employs a mean opinion score (MOS) as a metric of QoE. Because MOS is based on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), a sum of users' MOS is a good metric not only to secure a wide service area but to enhance the link quality between multi-UAVs and users. The proposed algorithm improves users' QoE by combining virtual forces with a random search force for the exploration of finding multi-UAVs' positions which maximize the sum of users' MOS. In simulation results, the proposed deployment algorithm shows the convergence of the multi-UAVs into the position of maximizing MOS. Therefore, the proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional virtual force-based deployment scheme in terms of QoE for non-uniform user distribution scenarios.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.141-160
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• 2018

Purpose The purpose of this study is to verify mobile game users' perceived utilities about real (price) and virtual (Ruby) currencies, which are the major factors of in-app purchase (IAP) widely used as a business model in a mobile game industry. Design/methodology/approach By using sales volume and sales frequency data for products sold in an 'S' mobile game from the 'D' mobile game company, we conducted a conjoint analysis according to the procedure recommended by Bicheno (2009). Findings The results of this study indicate that (1) mobile game users have greater utility for a virtual currency (Ruby) than for a real currency (price), (2) mobile game users' utility for virtual (Ruby) and real (price) currencies varies depending on sales volume and sales frequency, as well as (3) mobile markets (e.g., Google Play Store vs. Apple App Store), and (4) mobile game users have greater utility for a virtual currency (Ruby) which can be used readily than later.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제16권5호통권98호
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• pp.112-123
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• 1999

Virtual reality is becoming a powerful tool for various applications such as training, entertainment, surgery, tele-robotics etc. One potential use for virtual reality is to allow several users to interact in a single virtual environment, for example several students sitting in front of different computers connected over a network. In this paper, we present a loosely coupled architecture of haptic display in the multi-user virtual world. The method of controlling haptic devices as well as the way of configuring individual haptic display system are addressed. We will develop an experimental virtual reality system for two remote users and conclude with an experimental work for the task of a multi-player ping-pong and grasping of a common object.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.125-153
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• 2020

The advancement of virtual reality technology offers various locomotion options that support users' navigation behaviors in a virtual reality environment. This study was aimed at examining the effects of two navigation methods-joystick-controlling and walking-around-on users' perceived usability, behavioral engagement, and virtual presence. Fifty South Korean college students were recruited in the study, and they were assigned randomly to one of the two navigation conditions. Participants from each group were asked to observe a 3D object and complete the surveys. They were then asked to repeat the procedure with a 2D image. Using repeated-measures ANOVAs and MANOVA, we found that users using joystick-controlling reported higher usability and showed superior performance to the walking-around group on two tasks. Participants reported a higher behavioral engagement when observing the 2D image. Besides, they perceived a significantly higher virtual presence when observing the 2D image. Finally, we discussed the implications of the findings for the navigation method design.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제7권10호
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• pp.115-125
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• 2007

본고는 유저 활동의 중요성, 유저간의 소통의 중요성, 플레이어 캐릭터의 성장과 변형을 통한 정체성 확립의 중요성을 중심으로 가상공간 커뮤니케이션의 특성을 분석하고, 이를 통해 원만한 사회관계를 활성화하고자 그 방안을 모색하고 유저들이 가상 사회 안에서 보다 책임 있는 행동을 유발하도록 제안하였다. 하루에도 수 천 명이 접속하여 교류하는 가상 공간에서 유저는 솔로스토리를 진행하며 타인과의 인간 관계를 통해 자신의 정체성을 찾게 된다. 무엇보다도 중요한 것은 가상 공간을 사회로 인식하고 타인에 대한 언행에 대해 연대 책임 의식을 갖는 유저들의 자세일 것이다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.69-86
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• 2007

As most of firms related with P2P services change their free services into fee-charging services, the problems of intellectual property rights are solved to satisfactory extent. Accordingly, P2P systems become more popular with the general public. In this respect, it is thought to be very important to research on the critical factors affecting usage of P2P systems. Although it is strongly expected that the characteristics of users activities in virtual communities affect the intention to re-use P2P systems, relatively few attention have been paid to this question. Therefore, this paper is to present empirical evidence to explain how the characteristics of users activities in virtual communities affect re-use intention of P2P services. The theoretical contribution of this study is that the characteristics of users activities in virtual communities is theoretically derived from the comprehensive literature review and the logical reasoning, and that the research model of the relationship between the users activities' characteristics in virtual community and the re-use intention of P2P services is proposed and empirically validated, which is expected to expand explaining power of the TAM(Technological Acceptance Model). Also, the practical implication is to provide the guideline to support the successful strategic planning for development and.operation of P2P services through the virtual communities.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.117-133
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• 2024

This research analyzes users' cognitive responses to Out-Of-Home advertising content based in virtual environments. Specifically, it distinguishes the depth of advertisements as 2D or 3D and categorizes animation effects of light as a representation of virtuality into 'none', 'blinking', and 'flowing'. For this purpose, virtual reality content was developed, and after experiencing the content while wearing HMD, users' cognitive responses were investigated. Involving 60 participants, the study found that the interaction effects between depth perception and animation effects were not statistically significant, nor was the primary effect of depth perception. However, the main effect of animation showed statistically significant differences in users' attention, vividness, perceived intrusiveness, avoidance tendency, and flow. This study presents design elements that can be utilized in the production of virtual environment-based Out-Of-Home advertising and experimentally demonstrates that animation effects can serve as an effective means of emphasis in virtual environment advertising. These findings provide important insights for the creation and strategic planning of advertisements in virtual environments.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2023

Although research on Virtual Reality (VR) has uncovered numerous technical advantages of VR over traditional media, little is known about how individual VR users with varying prior experience respond to VR differently. This paper examines the effect of users' prior VR experience on their subsequent real-life behavior in the domain of charitable consumption. Specifically, we find that compared to experienced VR users, novice VR users are more likely to support a charitable cause in real life (e.g., ocean conservation) after experiencing this cause in VR. The increased support among novice VR users occurs because they perceive the use of VR to be more novel. We find a boundary of this effect such that when VR is used to promote a noncharitable cause, novice VR users no longer increase their real-life support after VR. This research offers new possibilities for future studies on the use of VR in societal marketing.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.78-80
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• 2005

Haptic interface apparatus is the device which can offer users virtual reality not only by visualization of virtual space but also by force or tactile feedback. In this paper, we designed and fabricated a 2D haptic interface device that can be used for various purposes, and implemented a virtual air-hockey system that users can easily find in game rooms. By suitable modeling and haptic rendering, users can feel the impact and the reaction force with his/her hand holding the handle through 2D haptic interface device when he/she hit an air-hockey puck with the handle. Through the trial demonstration. we observed the reasonable effect of direction and speed of a ball like doing in reality.