• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.43-53
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• 2024

The media environment is rapidly evolving to be tailored to viewers using personal mobile devices in accordance with technological evolution and changes in social structures. Broadcast media technology is also advancing to enable new services, including data casting, in various reception environments beyond the existing fixed environment and one-way audio/video content services. In addition, technologies to increase the transmission capacity to accommodate next-generation large-capacity media content as well as communication network utilization and convergence technologies are being developed to facilitate interactive services and expand the broadcasting coverage. We discuss the current status and future prospects in broadcasting technology for terrestrial and mobile communication systems and analyze broadcasting technology elements for upcoming media environments relying on generative artificial intelligence.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.116-123
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• 2016

Recently, important information related with smart work such as office and video conference are handled in smart device quite a lot compare with before. Also, execution environment of smart devices is getting developed as open software environment. It brought convenience to download and use any kind of application software. By that, security side of smart devices became vulnerable. This paper will discuss characteristics of smart device security technology based on virtualization that is a mobile device platform with isolated secure execution area based on TEE (Trusted Execution Environment). Also, this paper will suggest an implementation method about safe smart device security platform based on domain separation for application software which can be executed in smart devices.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.600-607
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• 2017

Virtual Reality (VR) has lately gained significant attention primarily driven by the recent market availability of consumer devices, such as mobile phone-based Head Mounted Displays (HMDs). Apart from classic gaming use cases, the delivery of $360^{\circ}$ video is considered as another major application and is expected to be ubiquitous in the near future. However, the delivery and decoding of high-resolution $360^{\circ}$ videos in desirable quality is a challenging task due to network limitations and constraints on available end device decoding and processing. In this paper, we focus on aspects of $360^{\circ}$ video streaming and provide an overview and discussion of possible solutions as well as considerations for future VR video streaming applications. This paper mainly focuses on the status of the standardization activities, Omnidirectional MediA Format (OMAF), to support interoperable $360^{\circ}$ video streaming services. More concretely, MPEG's ongoing work for OMA aims at harmonization of VR video platforms and applications. The paper also discusses the integration in MPEG Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (MPEG-DASH), which is considered as $360^{\circ}$ video streaming services with OMAF content. In context of the general OMAF service architecture.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.4849-4864
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• 2019

Modern applications such as augmented reality, connected vehicles, video streaming and gaming have stringent requirements on latency, bandwidth and computation resources. The explosion in data generation by mobile devices has further exacerbated the situation. Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) is a recent addition to the edge computing paradigm that amalgamates the cloud computing capabilities with cellular communications. The concept of MEC is to relocate the cloud capabilities to the edge of the network for yielding ultra-low latency, high computation, high bandwidth, low burden on the core network, enhanced quality of experience (QoE), and efficient resource utilization. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview on different traits of MEC including its use cases, architecture, computation offloading, security, economic aspects, research challenges, and potential future directions.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.59-76
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• 2014

The revolution of smart media such as smart phone, smart TV and tablets has brought easiness for people to get contents and related information anywhere and anytime. The characteristics of the smart media have changed user behavior for watching the contents from passive attitude into active one. Video is a kind of multimedia resources and widely used to provide information effectively. People not only watch video contents, but also search for related information to specific objects appeared in the contents. However, people have to use extra views or devices to find the information because the existing video contents provide no information through the contents. Therefore, the interaction between user and media is becoming a major concern. The demand for direct interaction and instant information is much increasing. Digital media environment is no longer expected to serve as a one-way information service, which requires user to search manually on the internet finding information they need. To solve the current inconvenience, an interactive service is needed to provide the information exchange function between people and video contents, or between people themselves. Recently, many researchers have recognized the importance of the requirements for interactive services, but only few services provide interactive video within restricted functionality. Only cooking domain is chosen for an interactive cooking video query service in this research. Cooking is receiving lots of people attention continuously. By using smart media devices, user can easily watch a cooking video. One-way information nature of cooking video does not allow to interactively getting more information about the certain contents, although due to the characteristics of videos, cooking videos provide various information such as cooking scenes and explanation for each recipe step. Cooking video indeed attracts academic researches to study and solve several problems related to cooking. However, just few studies focused on interactive services in cooking video and they still not sufficient to provide the interaction with users. In this paper, an interactive cooking video query service system with linked data to provide the interaction functionalities to users. A linked recipe schema is used to handle the linked data. The linked data approach is applied to construct queries in systematic manner when user interacts with cooking videos. We add some classes, data properties, and relations to the linked recipe schema because the current version of the schema is not enough to serve user interaction. A web crawler extracts recipe information from allrecipes.com. All extracted recipe information is transformed into ontology instances by using developed instance generator. To provide a query function, hundreds of questions in cooking video web sites such as BBC food, Foodista, Fine cooking are investigated and analyzed. After the analysis of the investigated questions, we summary the questions into four categories by question generalization. For the question generalization, the questions are clustered in eleven questions. The proposed system provides an environment associating UI (User Interface) and UX (User Experience) that allow user to watch cooking videos while obtaining the necessary additional information using extra information layer. User can use the proposed interactive cooking video system at both PC and mobile environments because responsive web design is applied for the proposed system. In addition, the proposed system enables the interaction between user and video in various smart media devices by employing linked data to provide information matching with the current context. Two methods are used to evaluate the proposed system. First, through a questionnaire-based method, computer system usability is measured by comparing the proposed system with the existing web site. Second, the answer accuracy for user interaction is measured to inspect to-be-offered information. The experimental results show that the proposed system receives a favorable evaluation and provides accurate answers for user interaction.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.58-65
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• 2007

As multimedia portable devices become popular, the amount of computation for processing data including video compression has significantly increased. Various researches for low power consumption of the mobile devices and real time processing have been reported. Motion Estimation is responsible for 67% of H.264 encoder complexity. In this research, a new circuit is designed for motion estimation. The new circuit uses motion prediction based on approximate SAD, Alternative Row Scan (ARS), DAU, and FDVS algorithms. Our new method can reduce the amount of computation by 75% when compared to multi-frame motion estimation suggested in JM8.2. Furthermore, optimal number and size of reference frame blocks are determined to reduce computation without affecting the PSNR. The proposed Motion Estimation method has been verified by using the hardware and software Co-Simulation with iPROVE. It can process 30 CIF frames/sec at 50MHz.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.612-630
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• 2016

As mobile augmented reality technologies are spreading these days, many users want to produce augmented reality (AR) contents what they need by themselves. To keep pace with such needs, we have developed a mobile AR contents builder (hereafter referred to as MARB) that enables the user to easily connect a natural marker and a virtual object with various interaction events that are used to manipulate the virtual object in a mobile environment so that users can simply produce an AR content using natural photos and virtual objects that they select. MARB consists of five major modules-target manger, virtual object manager, AR accessory manager, AR content manager, and AR viewer. The target manager, virtual object manager and AR accessory manager register and manage natural target markers, various virtual objects and content accessories (such as various decorating images), respectively. The AR content manger defines a connection between a target and a virtual object with enabling various interactions for the desired functions such as translation/rotation/scaling of the virtual object, playing of a music, etc. AR viewer augments various virtual objects (such as 2D images, 3D models and video clips) on the pertinent target. MARB has been developed in a mobile application (app) format in order to create AR contents simply using mobile smart devices without switching to a PC environment for authoring the content. In this paper, we present the detail organizations and applications of MARB. It is expected that MARB will enable ordinary users to produce diverse mobile AR contents for various purposes with ease and contribute to expanding the mobile AR market based on spread of a variety of AR contents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.279-287
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• 2007

The increased availability of portable, low-cost, high resolution video equipments have resulted in a rapid growth of the applications for video sequences. These video devices can be mounted in handhold unit, mobile unit and airborne platforms like maned or unmaned helicopter, plane, airship, etc. This paper describes the feasibility fur generating image map from the experimental results we designed to track the interested points extracted by KLT operator in the neighboring frames and implement image matching for each frames taken from UAV (Unmaned Aerial Vehicle). In the image registration for neighbourhood frames of aerial video, the results demonstrate the successful rate of matching slightly decreases as the drift between frames increases, and also that the stable photographing is more important matching condition than the pixel shift.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.08a
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• pp.99-103
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• 2009

Recently, as wired and wireless communication services have rapidly developed and multimodal mobile devices which have various characteristics have widely spread, the need for new convergence services increases. The growing population of VoIP technologies and the high communication expense yield that the market of IP based telephony such as WiFi phone and IP phone is substituted for one of the conventional PSTN telephony. With the help of this trend, the wireline network operators desire to find a market in mobile networks. Therefore, they focus on Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC) service as one of the key factors to accomplish this goal. FMC services are able to provide the mobility of voice services between circuit switched and packet switched networks. IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) based Voice Call Continuity (VCC) is one of the schemes to embody FMC services. As Application Server (AS) which has this VCC function provides seamless handover of services between heterogeneous networks, FMC subscribers can communicate seamlessly with others m WiFi domain and COMA domain using WiFi-COMA dual phone. Most of enterprises have already introduced IP network infrastructure and IP-PBX (Private Branch eXchange) for telephony. However, the problems of high communication cost and work inefficiency due to frequent outside jobs or business trips have remained. In order to solve these problems, demands for enterprise FMC services increase. In this paper, we introduce a new IP-PBX based VCC model that can provide seamless handover of voice services between WiFi and COMA networks for enterprise users and we investigate some interworking and security issues between Soft Switch (SSW) and IMS, or between IMSs. In addition, we introduce a new service that can provide the continuity of voice sessions as well as video sessions using Multimedia Session Continuity (MMSC) technology which has evolved from VCC. This service is expected to be one of the next-generation personalized services based on user's context.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.45-55
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• 2000

The rapid proliferation of wireless networks provides a ubiquitous channel for delivering instructional materials at the convenience of the user. By delivering content through portable devices linked to the Internet, the full spectrum of multimedia capabilities is available for engaging the user's interest. This capability encompasses not only text but images, video, speech generation and voice recognition. Moreover, the incorporation of machine learning capabilities at the source provides the ability to tailor the material to the general level of expertise of the user as well as the immediate needs of the moment: for instance, a request for information regarding a particular city might be covered by a leisurely presentation if solicited from the home, but more tersely if the user happens to be driving a car. This paper presents system architecture to support mobile instruction in conjunction with knowledge-based tutoring capabilities. For concreteress, the general concepts are examined in the context of a system for mathematics education on the Web.