• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.1033-1043
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• 2000

Recently as the user request on NoD (News-on-Demand) is largely increasing, there are a lot of researches to fulfill it. However, because of short life-cycle of new video data and periodical change of video data depending on anchor, it is difficult to apply the conventional video storage techniques to NOD applications directly. For this, we design and implement low-level storage manager for efficient storage and retrieval of multimedia data in NOD Services. Our low-level storage manager not only efficiently sotres video stream dat of new video itself, but also handles its index information. It provides an inverted file method for efficient text-based retrieval and an X-tree index structure for high-dimensional feature vectors. In addition, our low-level storage manager provides some application program interfaces (APIs) for storing video objects itself and index information extracted from hierarchial new video and some APIs for retrieving video objects easily by using cursors. Finally, we implement our low-level storage manager based on SHORE (Scalable Heterogeneous Object REpository) storage system by sunig a standard C++ language under UNIX operating system.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.4568-4587
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• 2014

Authentication of videos and images based on the content is becoming an important problem in information security. Unfortunately, previous studies lack the consideration of Kerckhoffs's principle in order to achieve this (i.e., a cryptosystem should be secure even if everything about the system, except the key, is public knowledge). In this paper, a solution to the problem of finding a relationship between a frame's index and its content is proposed based on the creative utilization of a robust manifold feature. The proposed solution is based on a novel semi-fragile watermarking scheme for H.264/AVC video content authentication. At first, the input I-frame is partitioned for feature extraction and watermark embedding. This is followed by the temporal feature extraction using the Isometric Mapping algorithm. The frame index is included in the feature to produce the temporal watermark. In order to improve security, the spatial watermark will be encrypted together with the temporal watermark. Finally, the resultant watermark is embedded into the Discrete Cosine Transform coefficients in the diagonal positions. At the receiver side, after watermark extraction and decryption, temporal tampering is detected through a mismatch between the frame index extracted from the temporal watermark and the observed frame index. Next, the feature is regenerate through temporal feature regeneration, and compared with the extracted feature. It is judged through the comparison whether the extracted temporal watermark is similar to that of the original watermarked video. Additionally, for spatial authentication, the tampered areas are located via the comparison between extracted and regenerated spatial features. Experimental results show that the proposed method is sensitive to intentional malicious attacks and modifications, whereas it is robust to legitimate manipulations, such as certain level of lossy compression, channel noise, Gaussian filtering and brightness adjustment. Through a comparison between the extracted frame index and the current frame index, the temporal tempering is identified. With the proposed scheme, a solution to the Kerckhoffs's principle problem is specified.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.122-132
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of periodic video education on knowledge about hemodialysis, patient role behavior and the physiologic index in patients with hemodialysis. Methods: One-group pretest-posttest design was applied. A total of 50 patients with hemodialysis at a university hospital hemodialysis unit in Daegu participated. Periodic video education about kidney function, diet, arteriovenous fistula management, medication, and exercise was administered to them for 12 weeks at intervals of 2 weeks. Before and after the education, the participants completed the self-administered questionnaires of knowledge about hemodialysis and patient role behavior and the measures of serum potassium and phosphorus concentration, weight gain between hemodialysis sessions, and adequacy of dialysis (Kt/V). Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-test. Results: Knowledge about hemodialysis and patient role behavior were significantly different between before and after education (p<.01). For the physiologic index, serum potassium concentration and weight gain between hemodialysis sessions were not significantly different but the serum phosphorus concentration and Kt/V were significantly different between before and after education (p<.05). Conclusion: The results suggest that the periodic video education for patients with hemodialysis contributed to the change and improvement in knowledge about hemodialysis, patient role behavior, and the physiologic index.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2003

This paper proposes a database index and retrieval method using the PCA(Principal Component Analysis). We perform a scene change detection and key frame extraction from the DC Image constructed by DCT DC coefficients in the compressed video stream that is video compression standard such as MPEG. In the extracted key frame, we use the PCA, then we can make codebook that has a statistical data as a codeword, which is saved as a database index. We also provide retrieval image that are similar to user's query image in a video database. As a result of experiments, we confirmed that the proposed method clearly showed superior performance in video retrieval and reduced computation time and memory space.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.71-82
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• 2023

PURPOSE: This study examined the effect of training using video content on abdominal muscle thickness, Oswestry disability index (ODI), and pain in college students with chronic back pain. METHODS: Twenty-nine college students with chronic back pain participated in this study. The subjects were assigned randomly to 15 experimental groups who trained using video content and 14 control groups who exercised voluntarily using back exercise leaflets. The video used for the intervention was obtained from YouTube, and the difficulty level of the video was classified into six levels. Both groups participated in the intervention for 40 minutes/day, three times a week for six weeks, and the variables of abdominal muscle thickness, ODI, and pain were compared before and after the intervention. RESULTS: In the experimental group, there were statistically significant changes in the thickness of the internal oblique and transverse abdominis muscles, ODI, and pain after the intervention, except for the external oblique muscle (p < .05). In the control group, there was no statistically significant difference in all variables after the intervention (p > .05). A statistically significant difference in all variables was observed between the experimental group and the control group after the intervention except for the external oblique muscle (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Treatment of chronic low back pain using video content is a possible alternative treatment if quality images are selected and the difficulty levels are adjusted.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.51-62
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• 2002

The development of computer technology and the advancement of the technology of information and communications spread the technology of multimedia and increased the use of multimedia data with large capacity, Users can grasp the overall video data and they are able to play wanted video back. To grasp the overall video data it is necessary to offer the list of summarized video data information, In order to search video efficiently on index process of video data is essential and it is also indispensable skill, Therefore, this thesis suggested the effective method about the cut detection of frames which will become a basis of an index based on contents of video image data. This suggested method was detected as the unchanging pixel color intelligence value, classified into diagonal direction. Pixel value of color detected in each frame of video data is stored as A(i, j) matrix-i is the number of frames. j is an image height of frame. By using the stored pixel value as the method of sum of squared difference of color two frames I calculated a specified value difference between frames and detected cut quickly and exactly in case it is bigger than threshold value set in advance, To carry out on experiment on the cut detection of frames comprehensively, I experimented on many kinds of video. analyzing and comparing efficiency of the cut detection system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.638-642
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• 2002

User in video data utilization of high-capacity can grasp whole video data at a look. Offer frame list that summarize information of video data to do so that can remake video from branch that want when need. Need index process of video data for effective video retrieval. This treatise wishes to propose effective method about scene change point detection of video that is been based on contents base index. Proposed method video data so that can grasp whole structure of video detection color value of schedule pixel for diagonal line direction in image sampling do. Data that get into sampling could grasp scene change point on one eye. Color value of pixel that detection in each frame is i frame number by i$\times$j procession to procession A, j stores to reflex height of frame. Introduce MSE and calculate mean error of each frame. If exceed mean error and schedule critical value, wish to detect the frame for scene change point.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.309-319
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of watching a virtual reality (VR) forest video on stress reduction in adults. Experiments were performed in an artificial climate chamber where temperature, humidity and illumination were controlled. To cause stress in subjects, the subjects were asked to multiply two digit numbers by one digit numbers for two minutes. The subjects then watched a VR forest video for five minutes. During the experiment, the heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate (HR) of subjects were continuously measured for evaluating their physiological state. After measuring the baseline and watching a VR forest video, their psychological state was evaluated using the profile of mood state (POMS), semantic differential (SD) method, and positive affect and negative affect schedule (PANAS). The results of physiological evaluation after watching a VR forest video showed a decrease in the stress index and HR, an increase in the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system, and the standard deviation of normal to normal RR intervals (SDNN). The results of psychological assessment confirmed that watching a VR forest video induced "comfort", "natural", and "soothed" feelings in subjects. In addition, watching a VR forest video decreased "tension-anxiety (T-A)", "depression-dejection (D)", "anger-hostility (A-H)", "fatigue (F)", "total mood disturbance (TMD)", and increased "vigor (V)" compared to the base line, and decreased "negative affect" and increased "positive affect." These results indicate that watching a VR forest video decreases adults' stress index, stabilizes physiological state, and has a positive impact on psychological state. The findings of this study can serve as a basis for providing forest welfare services to people in the blind spots of forest welfare, and can lay a foundation for the adoption of VR, one of the technologies of the fourth industrial revolution in forestry.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.9C no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2002

As existing analog video surveillance systems could save and retrieve data only in a limited space within short distance, it had many constraints in developing into various application systems. However, on the back of development of the Internet and computer technologies, digital video surveillance systems can be controlled from a remote location by web browser without space limits. Moreover, data compression and management technologies with Index Search algorithm make it possible to efficiently handling, storing, and retrieving a large amount of data and further motion detection algorithm enhances a recording speed and efficiency for a practical application, that is, a practical remote recordable video surveillance system using our efficient algorithms as mentioned, called WebCam. The WebCam server system can intelligently record and save video images digitized through efficient database management, monitor and control cameras in a remote place through user authentication, and search logs.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.75-84
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• 2019

Recently, the value of video as an important data of medical information technology is increasing due to the feature of rich clinical information. On the other hand, video is also required to be de-identified as a medical image, but the existing methods are mainly specialized in the stereotyped data and still images, which makes it difficult to apply the existing methods to the video data. In this paper, we propose an automated system to index candidate elements of personal identification information on a frame basis to solve this problem. The proposed system performs indexing process using text and person detection after preprocessing by scene segmentation and color knowledge based method. The generated index information is provided as metadata according to the purpose of use. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system, the indexing speed was measured using prototype implementation and real surgical video. As a result, the work speed was more than twice as fast as the playing time of the input video, and it was confirmed that the decision making was possible through the case of the production of surgical education contents.