• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1107-1118
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• 2007

This study explored the consistency of bullying, victimization and aggressive victimization, the relationships between bullying, victimization and aggressive victimization and overt/relational aggression, and the relationships between bullying groups and overt/relational aggression with gender. The subjects were 4th grade children and 2 years later they were contacted again. Instruments were the Bully-Behavior Scale, the Peer-Victimization Scale and the Peer Nomination Instrument. Bullying, victimization and aggressive victimization were decreased while there were consistencies in overt and relational aggression from 4th to 6th grade. In the correlation analysis, male victims at Time 1 were negatively related to overt and relational aggression at both Time 1 and Time 2. Female bullies were positively related to relational aggression at both Time 1 and Time 2. In the cross-sectional relations of overt aggression with bullying groups, there was a gender difference. In the relational aggression with bullying groups, only bullying groups had a significant difference. In the longitudinal relations of overt aggression with bullying groups, only gender had a significant difference. Males appeared to be more overtly aggressive than females. In the relational aggression, bullying groups, gender, and the interaction between bullying groups and gender had significant differences. Female bullies were more likely to be relationally aggressive than other groups.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.391-404
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• 2013

This study examined the moderating role of teacher-child relationship on the relation between children's problem behavior and peer victimization. Participants were 198 children(97 boys, 101 girls; recruited from classes with 5-6 year olds) and their kindergarten teachers. The teachers completed the rating scales to measure the children's peer victimization, problem behavior and teacher-child relationship. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, correlations, and hierarchical multiple regressions. Boys and girls were analyzed separately. Results showed that children's problem behavior had positive relation to their peer victimization. Teacher-child relationship significantly related to children's peer victimization. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that the interaction of boys' withdrawal behavior and teacher-child closeness predicted boy's peer victimization. Boys' withdrawal behavior, whose teachers demonstrated the lowest level of teacher-child closeness, associated significantly with their peer victimization. Boys' withdrawal and aggressive behavior had significant relation to their peer victimization, especially for the highest level of teacher-child conflictual relationship. Findings suggested the importance of teacher-child relationship in the context of intervention planning for peer victimization.

• 아동학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2016

Objective: The present study examined the effects of school violence victimization and self-control on cyberbullying perpetration in middle school students and investigated whether self-control moderated the relationship between school violence victimization and cyberbullying perpetration. Methods: The participants of this study were 315 middle school students (172 boys; 143 girls) from three middle schools in Seoul and Incheon. To measure the level of cyberbullying perpetration, the Bullying/Victimization Questionnaire was used. School violence victimization and self-control were measured via the School Violence Victimization Scale and the Self-Control Scale, respectively. The data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and hierarchical regressions. Results and Conclusion: The results indicated that school bullying victimization level increased cyberbullying perpetration level whereas self-control level decreased cyberbullying perpetration. In addition, self-control moderated the effect of school violence victimization on cyberbullying perpetration. That is, the influence of school bullying victimization on cyberbullying perpetration was greater when self-control was low, compared to when it was high.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.72-76
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• 2017

Background: Workplace victimization is considered a major social stressor with significant implications for the wellbeing of employees and organizations. The aim of this study was to examine the influences of employees' personality traits and organizational politics on workplace victimization among Ghanaian employees. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, data were collected from 631 employees selected from diverse occupations through convenience sampling. Data collection tools were standardized questionnaires that measured experiences of negative acts at work (victimization), the Big Five personality traits, and organizational politics. Results: The results from hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that among the personality traits neuroticism and conscientiousness had significant, albeit weak relationships with victimization. Organizational politics had a significant positive relationship with workplace victimization beyond employees' personality. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that compared with personal characteristics such as personality traits, work environment factors such as organizational politics have a stronger influence on the occurrence of workplace victimization.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권9호
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• pp.47-61
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• 2002

In a sample of 594 seventh to ninth graders, this study examined the relation between bullying-victimization and the self-esteem and the implication of peer support in their relation. The results of study were as followed: 1) significant sex difference was observed in the victimization but not in the bullying. 2) the bullying was positively correlated with the peer-related self and physical competence self, and negatively correlated with personality self among boys. Among girls, bullying was positively correlated with the peer-related self and negatively correlated with personality self. 3) the victimization was negatively correlated with peer-related self, academic self, physical appearance self, and physical competence self among boys. Among girls, the victimization was negatively correlated with peer-related self, home self, and physical appearance self. 4) the peer support mediate the relation of the buoying-victimization and self-esteem. Results are discussed the role of peer support in the relationship between bullying-victimization and self-esteem.

• 아동학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.19-33
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• 1998

The relationships of maternal childrearing behaviors and peer experiences to children's self-esteem were examined with a sample of 433 5th- and 6th-grade elementary school students (236 boys and 197 girls) and their mothers. Children answered the questionnaires on peer experience (victimization by peers and peer aggression) and self-esteem, and their mothers answered the questionnaires on maternal childrearing behaviors. Maternal warmth was significantly related to children's self-esteem both in boys and girls. The warmer their mothers, the higher the children's self-esteem. Maternal permissiveness/nonintervention was related to self-esteem only in boys; the more permissive/nonintervention the mothers, the lower the boys self-esteem. Peer experiences (victimization by peers and peer aggression) were significantly related to self-esteem both in boys and girls; the more victimization by peers and peer aggression, the lower their self-esteem. Maternal warmth was related to victimization by peers only in girls; the warmer the mothers, the less victimization by peers experienced by girls. The effect of maternal warmth on self-esteem was mediated by victimization by peers for girls, which indicates that maternal warmth doesn't have a direct influence but an indirect influence on victimization by peers of children. Victimization by peers was related to peer aggression both in boys and girls. The more victimization by peers they experienced, the more peer aggression they showed.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.470-481
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• 2016

본 연구는 청소년들이 가정과 학교환경에서 경험하는 폭력의 중복피해 실태를 파악하고, 폭력피해 경험유형에 따라 심리적 적응과 비행문제에 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 검토하는데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 2013년 한국청소년정책연구원에서 실시한 '청소년 문제행동 저연령화 실태 및 정책과제연구' 자료의 6,174사례를 분석했다. 분석결과, 조사대상 청소년의 8.3%가 2가지 이상의 폭력피해에 노출되어 있었고, 이중 2.1%는 3가지 이상의 폭력피해를 중복적으로 경험했다. 또한 한부모가족과 가구경제수준이 낮은 청소년들의 중복피해 비율이 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 청소년들은 폭력피해 경험유형에 따라 심리적 적응과 비행문제에 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 즉 중복피해 청소년들은 우울불안과 스트레스, 비행수준은 가장 높은 반면 자존감 정도는 가장 낮았다. 본 연구는 이러한 결과를 토대로 청소년 중복피해 연구와 개입을 위한 함의를 논의하였다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.77-89
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 피공격성을 직접 피공격과 간접 피공격으로 구분하여 분노표현, 사회적 기술, 공격성의 하위 요인들이 어떻게 영향을 미치는가를 밝히는 것이다. 이를 위해 경상남도 5개 지역에 위치한 10개 중학교에 재학중인 남녀학생 1,000명을 대상으로 조사를 실시하고, 이중 피공격성의 점수가 평균 이상인 338명을 대상으로 분석하였다. 설문지는 피공격성과 피공격성에 영향을 미치는 변인으로 분노표현, 사회적 기술, 공격성을 측정하기 위한 도구로 구성하였다. 분노표현, 사회적 기술, 공격성은 직접 피공격의 15.1%를 설명하고, 분노표현 변인에서는 통제가 사회적 기술의 하위 요인에서는 협동성과 공감성 그리고 공격성 변인에서는 적의성이 영향을 미치는 변인이었다. 분노표현, 사회적 기술, 공격성은 간접 피공격의 21%를 설명하고, 통제와 적의성 점수는 정적으로 그리고 공감 점수는 부적으로 영향을 미친다.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2011

The present research investigated gender-specific response strategies for dealing with peer victimization of preadolescents. Furthermore, coping strategies were explored as moderators of the link between peer victimization and internalizing problems. The participants were 466 preadolescents. Peer victimization, coping strategies, and internalizing problems were assessed through self-report questionnaires. Results showed that girls had significantly higher scores on help seeking, avoidant strategies, and ruminative strategies than boys. In addition, use of avoidant coping and seeking help minimized the effects of peer victimization on internalizing problems in girls. Ruminative coping exacerbated the influence of peer victimization on internalizing problems for both boys and girls.

• 아동학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.85-105
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the influences of victimization by peers on self-esteem and the role of father/mother attachment and friendship with a range of 354 2nd-grade junior high school students(169 boys and 185 girls). The subjects reported victimization, father/mother attachment, friendship(number of friends and presence of a best friend), self-esteem and their peers rated victimization, too. The result indicated that (1) Victims in the end of the second semester were also those who were victimized by peers in the end of the first semester, (2) The victimization by peers effected on self-esteem in boys and girls, (3) The interaction effect of victimization and parent attachment on self-esteem was statistically significant only for boys, and friendship on self-esteem was statistically significant only for girls.