• Title/Summary/Keyword: Vermiculite

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Effects of Clay Minerals Treatment on the Physicochemical Characteristics and Growth Inhibition of Microoganism of Some Foods (몇 가지 식품의 이화학적 특성 및 균증식 억제에 대한 점토광물 처리의 영향)

  • Jeong, Ok-Jin;Woo, Koan-Sik;Kim, Kwang-Yup;Lee, Hee-Bong;Jeong, Heon-Sang
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.23-29
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    • 2005
  • To investigate potential characteristics of clay minerals (illite, kaolin, zeolite, vermiculite, and bentonite) for food industry application, antioxidative properties of clay minerals, electron-donating ability (EDA), peroxide value (POV), and thiobabituric acid (TBA) were measured, and antimicrobial activity against several food spoilage microorganisms were evaluated by minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) method. Changes in components by cooking clay minerals added to stored rice were measured by GC-MS. DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) analysis results revealed bentonite has strongest EDA at 20.6%. Antioxidant activities measured based on POV were similar to DPPH results. Induction period of linoleic acid with vermiculite was longest among. TBA results revealed zeolite hasstrongest antioxidant ability. Growth inhibition against E. coli and S. aureuswas observed in illite, vermiculite, and zeolite. Aroma components indicated decrease in hex anal, pent anal, non anal, linoleate, stearic acid, and oleic acid when clay minerals were added to stored rice. These results indicate that several clay minerals have antioxidative and antimicrobial abilities and improve flavor profiles in stored rice.

Effect of Growth Enhancement by Storage and Soil Types of Cutting Slips in Lycium chinense Mill (삽수 저장법과 용토 종류가 구기자 생육에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Chul Joong;Seong, Eun Soo;Yoo, Ji Hye;Choi, Jae Hoo;Kim, Chang Heum;Kang, Byeong Ju;Jeon, Mi Ran;Ghimire, Bimal Kumar;Kim, Na Young;Lee, Sang Won;Cha, Seon Woo;Yu, Chang Yeon
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.319-323
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    • 2015
  • The objective of this study was to establish the optical storage condition in cutting slips of Lycium chinense Mill. We investigated the different influential growth factor of this plant including two soil types (soil and vermiculite) and storage methods (gauze, parafilm, vinyl, and paper). Our result revealed that the formation of axillary bud was highest ($4.8{\pm}0.75ea$) from the cutting slips stored in vinyl and vermiculite treatment. Root length was long ($2.8{\pm}0.13ea$) in parafilm storage using soil. Maximum plant height was $135.33{\pm}12.81cm$ with gauze storage using vermiculite. The number of leaves was maximum ($130{\pm}2.5ea$) at 90 days from the cutting slips of gauze storage using vermiculite. Highest number of fruit was harvested ($149{\pm}16.05ea$) from the cutting slips stored in parafilm and grown in vermiculite. It can be concluded that the storage treatment and soil type influence the affecting to general growth of Lycium chinense Mill.

In Vitro Germination of Encapsulated Somatic Embryos of Angelica Tree(Aralia elata Seem.) (두릅나무 피복체세포의 기내발아)

  • 박철호
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.133-135
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    • 1994
  • Germination rate of encapsulated somatic embryos shelved significant differences under different concentrations of AgN03. The highest germination rate of 81.2% was found on MS medium withouthormones mixed with 10 mg/1 of AgN03. In vitro vermiculite planted with encapsulated embryostreated with 10 mg/1 of AgN03 induced 24.7% germination rate, and vermiculite planted with encap-sulated embryos treated with 40 mg/1 or 80 mg/1 of AgNO, induced no germination at all.

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The Effects of Soil Improvements on Growth and Tissue Nutrient Concentrations of Fraxinus rhynchophylla and Pinus densiflora Seedlings in a Nursery (토양개량제 처리가 물푸레나무와 소나무 묘목의 생장과 양분농도에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Byung Bae;Byun, Jae Kyung;Cho, Min Seok;Han, Si Ho;Jung, Mun Ho;Kim, Se Bin;Bae, Kikang
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.41-54
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    • 2016
  • The production of high quality seedlings is a very important phase in silvicultural systems for successful reforestation or restoration. The purpose of this study was to measure both growth performances and nutrient responses of Fraxinus rhynchophylla and Pinus densiflora seedlings, which are commercially planted in Korea, according to soil improvement treatments. We applied 8 types of soil improvements: control with no treatment, compost B and compost Y as organic materials, vermiculite, perlite, two level of zeolite, and mix of vermiculite, perlite, and zeolite as inorganic materials in a permanent national nursery. Only compost B treatment significantly increased soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium and calcium at the 0-10 cm soil depth. The growth of F. rhynchophylla and P. densiflora was the highest at the compost B treatment and the lowest at the vermiculate treatment. Compost B treatment allocated more carbon to aboveground than belowground by 39%, especially to foliage. On the vector diagnosis, there was 'shortage' on compost B treatment because of all increases of N contents, N concentrations, and growth and 'over accumulation' on vermiculite treatment because of more N uptake compared with dry weight increase. This study suggested optimal use of soil improvements is very important to improve soil quality in a permanently used nursery.

A Study for the Removal of Phosphorous Using Coated Exfoliated Vermiculite (인 제거를 위한 코팅 발포질석 적용 가능성 연구)

  • Kim, Seogku;Lee, Taeyoon
    • Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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    • v.15 no.12
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    • pp.5-13
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    • 2014
  • In this study, exfoliated vermiculite (EV) coated with glycerol was tested for its abiility to remove phosphorus in aqueous solution. The glycerol modified vermiculite (GS) was prepared with EV/glycerol ratio of 1/4 where glycerol contained 4 mol% $H_2SO_4$ and heated until designated temperature. GS heated at $380^{\circ}C$ showed that the specific surface area was $53.1m^2/g$ and mass loss due to oxidation of carbon was maximum from TGA analysis. Removal of phosphorus using GS heated at $380^{\circ}C$ was well explained by Langmuir isotherm model and maximum sorption capacity of 714.3 mg/kg is comparable or greater than those of other clay orignated sorbents for phosphorus.

Effect of Substrates on Growth and Yield of Hydroponically Grown Cucumber in Bag Culture (자루재배에서 배지의 종류가 오이의 생육 및 수량에 미치는 영향)

  • 이응호;이재욱;권지선;남윤일;조일환;권영삼
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.15-22
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    • 1996
  • Cucumbers(Cucumis sativus L. CV. SHARP 1) were cultivated by bag culture for 5 months to investigate the effect of substrates on growth, yield, and mineral contents. The substrates used in the experiment were vermiculite + perlite +peatmoss(1:1:1=V:V:V), perlite+peatmoss(1:1=V:V), perlite+carbonized chaff(7:3=V:V), rockwool, sawdust, and chaff+chaff powder under 10 mesh (7:3=V:V). The rate of moisture content was highest at chaff powder under 10 mesh as 42.5% and was lowest at perlite+carbonized chaff as 31%. Plant height, No. of leaves, fresh and dry weight were increased in vermiculite+perlite+peatmoss(1:1:1=V:V:V). Marketable fruits and yield also showed same aspect with growth. All kinds of mineral contents except K in cucumber plants were higher at vermiculite+perlite+peatmoss(1:1:1=V:V:V), but K content was higher at perlite+ carbonized chaff(7:3=V:V) than those other substrates.

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Effect of Earthworm Cast Mixtures on the Growth of Pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) Seedlings (지렁이분립의 혼합상토가 고추유묘의 생육에 미치는 영향)

  • 전하준;조익환
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.75-84
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    • 1995
  • This study was carried out to find the effects of the mixtures of earthworm cast, peatmoss, and vermiculite as a vegetable plant growth medium on the growth pepper seedlings. The mixed ratios of earthworm cast-peatmoss-vermiculite were 40-20-40, 40-30-30, 40-40-40, 50-20-30, 50-30-20, 60-10-30, 60-20-20 and 60-30-10%. The results of the study are as follows: 1, There was a significant difference of plant length, leaf area, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and biological yield per plant for growth stages and mixed ratios(p<0.05). But there was no significant interactions for both of them. 2. The nursery soil with earthworm cast was generally higher than the control treatment in shoot dry weight, root dry weight adn biological yield per plant. The shoot dry weight and biological yield per plant were high in the treatment including 60% of the earthworm cast to the 3rd week and in the one including 50% from the 4th week. But in root dry weight, the treatment including 40% of it was higher than treatment of the others. 3. The shoot dry weight per plant in treatments consisting both of 40% of earthworm, 40% of peatmoss and 20% of vermiculite and of 60%, 10% and 30% was more significant than that in the control treatment(p<0.05). 4. The average relative growth rates of shoot dry weight, root dry weight and biological yield for all treatments were higher than the ratio of control treatment except the ration of the treatment consisting of 60% of earthworm, 20% of peatmoss and 20% of vermiculite.

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Mineralogy and Chemical Composition of the Residual Soils (Hwangto) from South Korea (우리 나라 황토(풍화토)의 구성광물 및 화학성분)

  • 황진연;장명익;김준식;조원모;안병석;강수원
    • Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.147-163
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    • 2000
  • The mineralogy and chemical composition of reddish to brownish yellow residual soils, so called "Hwangto" have been examined according to representative host rocks. The result of the study indicates that Hwangto consists of 40-80% clay minerals and various minerals such as quartz, feldspar, hornblende, goethite, and gibbsite. Clay minerals include kaolinite, halloysite, illite, hydroxy interlayered vermiculite (HIV), mica/vermiculite interstratifield mineral and chlorite. The mineralogical constituents and contents of Hwangto were different depending on the types of host rocks. Moreover, the Jurassic granitic rocks contain relatively more kaolin minerals, whereas the Cretaceous granitic rocks contain more HIV and illite. In addition, reddish Hwangto contains relatively more kaolinite and HIV, and yellowish Hwangto contains more illite and halloysite. It is suggested that feldspars and micas of host rocks were chemically weathered into illite, halloysite, illite/vermiculite interstratified minerals, and HIV, and finally into kaolinite. Compared with their host rocks, the major chemical compositions of Hwangto tend to contain more $Al_2O_3,\;Fe_2O_3,\;H_2O$ in amount and less Ca, Mg, and Na. Hwangto contains relatively high amount of trace elements, P, S, Zr, Sr, Ba, Rb, and Ce including considerable amount of Li, V, Cr, Zn, Co, Ni, Cu, Y, Nb, La, Nd, Pb, Th in excess of 10 ppm. Relatively high amount of most trace elements were detected in the Hwangto. The major and minor chemical compositions of the Hwangto were different depending on the types of host rocks. However, their difference was in the similar range compared with the compositions of host rocks.

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Effects of Temperature, Pelleting Materials and Size on Germination of Rehmannia glutinosa $L_{IBOSCH}$ (Pelleting 소재와 크기가 지황종자의 발아에 미치는 영향)

  • Yoon, Seong-Tak;Han, Jong-Kwan;Joo, Moon-Kap;Park, Chung-Heon;Seong, Nak-Sul;Park, Chun-Geon
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.295-300
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    • 2001
  • This experiment was conducted to evaluate the germination rate according to temperature, pelleting materials, pelleted size, seed storage periods under light and dark conditions in Rehmannia glutinosa. The highest germination rate was obtained from $25^{\circ}C$ in both light and dark condition. Two-year old seeds showed higher germination rate compared to one-year old seed. Talc material showed the highest germination rate among the pelleting materials by 82.5%. Among the different pelleting sizes, the highest germination rate was shown in 2.0 mm, and especially Talc pelleting showed 100% germination rate on 17days after seeding. In case of combination of pelleting materials, both of talc + vermiculite, zeolite + vermiculite showed lower germination rate than the control and 0.7 mm pelleted seed showed the highest germination rate.

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