• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.127-143
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• 2004

Computed tomography (CT) plays an important supplementary role in the evaluation of patients with heart disease. CT can be used to evaluate the aorta, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, cardiac chambers, coronary artery, valves and systemic veins (superior vena cava, inferior vena cava and hepatic veins). The "Learning Objectives" describe the normal anatomy and typical pathological conditions seen on axial scans and reformatted images from CT in patients with heart disease, focusing focus on frequent, fatal, and rare but characteristic diseases encountered in routine practice.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.101-103
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• 1985

Azygos system, one of the main collateral vessels which communicates superior vena cava with inferior vena cava, is well visualized by Xray angiography. This system is rarely demonstrated by radioisotope study. We report a case whose azygos system was shown during $^{99m}Tc-DTPA$ renal scanning.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.224-227
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• 2017

A 20-year-old man presented with a femur fracture and epidural hemorrhage (EDH) following a fall. One month after fracture surgery, swelling developed in both legs, and he was diagnosed as having a deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. A retrievable inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) was inserted, because EDH is a contraindication to anticoagulants. Four months later, he complained of abdominal pain, and a computed tomography scan showed a fractured IVCF strut. After percutaneous removal failed 3 times, the IVCF was surgically removed by orthopedists using a portable image intensifier without cardiopulmonary bypass.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.268-273
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• 1995

Budd- chiari syndrome resulting from a membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava[IVC is a rare congenital anomaly. From January 1989 to December 1993, 8 cases of IVC obstruction was treated in Kyung Hee Univ. Hospital. There were 2 male and 6 female patients between 34 and 66 years of age[mean 47.3$\pm$11.9 years of age . 4 patients were treated with angioplasty by balloon catheter and 4 patients were treated with operative correction using cardiopulmonary bypass, profound hypothermia and total circulatory arrest. These 4 patients were repaired the constricted IVC with autologous pericardial patch. In surgically treated patients, all of the specimens were confirmed to be membranous web histopathologically. Postoperative outcome in operative correcting patients was uneventful and postoperative angiography showed unobstructed flow through the IVC with filling of the hepatic veins.The above 8 patients were followed up from 10 months to 56 months [ mean 36.43 17.24 months and recurrent IVC obstruction or stenosis was not seen.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.950-954
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• 1993

Two patients with chronic Budd-Chiari syndrome resulting from segmental obstruction of the inferior vena cava underwent operation. There were 1 man and 1 woman. The obstructed segment was directly visualized by a transthoracic, transdiaphragmatic, retroperitoneal approach. In these two cases, severe segmental obstruction of the inferior vena cava was observed just above the right hepatic vein. These patients underwent successful retrohepatic cavoatrial bypass with a polytetrafloroethylene [PTFE] graft [ 16mm plain and 16mm ringed graft ]. There were no operative mortality and postoperative complication. These patients have been followed up for 6months and 36months without evidence of re-obstruction. When there is a severe stricture of the IVC with hepatic veins draining freely into the obstructed segment of the IVC, a dorsal cavoatrial bypass with a PTFE graft, preferably ringed, is the method of choice.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.732-738
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• 1991

Membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava[IVC] is a rare congenital anomaly that may present clinical features of Budd-Chiari syndrome caused by chronic obstruction of hepatic drain. We have experienced a case of IVC obstruction caused by hour-glass constriction and membrane in its center. Operative correction was accomplished using profound hypothermia [20%] and total circulatory arrest of 26 minutes. This technique permitted resection of membrane with direct vision and removal of thrombus of IVC and hepatic vein. After then constricted IVC was repaired with autologous pericardial patch. Total circulatory arrest was used intermittently for good visual field. Postoperative course was smooth and postoperative angiography showed unobstructed flow through the IVC in spite of slight constriction of cavoatrial junction and nearly complete disappearance of collateral vessels.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.323-325
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• 2012

Pulmonary tumor embolism can be a cause of respiratory failure in patients with cancer even though it occurs rarely. We describe a 56-year-old man who underwent a pulmonary tumor embolectomy using cardiopulmonary bypass on beating heart combined with inferior vena cava embolectomy and right radical nephrectomy. Aggressive surgical treatment in this severe case is necessary not only to reduce the fatal outcome of pulmonary embolism in the short run, but also to improve the oncological prognosis in the long term.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.1 s.258
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• pp.72-75
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• 2006

In a 40 year-old man who has complained of epigastric pain and dyspnea for 10 days including melena for 1 month, abdominal ultrasonography and computerized tomography revealed a large, solid mass in the right kidney and thrombus of inferior vena cava (IVC) that extended to the cavoatrial junction. Renal cell carcinoma was performed by percutaneous needle biopsy. IVC thromboembolectomy was performed using centrifugal pump driven venovenous bypass without cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.124-127
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• 2008

Injury to the inferior vena cava (IVC) is associated with a high mortality rate, and little progress has been made for improving the treatment for this since the 1970s. Injury to the retrohepatic IVC, in particular, has been associated with up to a 75% mortality rate due to the difficulty in gaining adequate exposure and controlling the bleeding. Both the severity of injury and anatomic accessibility has been directly correlated with survival in IVC injury. We have experienced a patient with retrohepatic IVC that was ruptured by a penetrating gunshot injury and we managed to save this patient's life.

• Vascular Specialist International
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.103-108
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• 2018

Purpose: Surgery is the most common risk factor for pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with a recent venous thromboembolism (VTE). This study reviewed clinical outcomes of preoperative inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) use in patients with acute VTE during abdominal-pelvic cancer or lower extremity orthopedic surgeries. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 122 patients with a recent VTE who underwent IVCF replacement prior to abdominal-pelvic cancer or lower extremity orthopedic surgery conducted between January 2010 and December 2016. Demographics, clinical characteristics, postoperative IVCF status, risk factors for a captured thrombus, and clinical outcomes were collected for these subjects. Results: Among the 122 study patients who were diagnosed with acute VTE in the prior 3 months and underwent preoperative IVCF replacement, 70 patients (57.4%) received abdominal-pelvic cancer surgery and 52 (42.6%) underwent lower extremity orthopedic surgery. There were no perioperative complications associated with IVCF in the study population and no cases of symptomatic PE postoperatively. A captured thrombus in the filter was identified postoperatively in 16 patients (13.1%). Logistic regression analysis indicated that postoperative anticoagulation within 48 hours significantly reduced the risk of a captured thrombus (odds ratio [OR], 0.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.08-0.94; P=0.032). Conclusion: A captured thrombus in preoperative IVCF was identified postoperatively in 16 patients (13.1%). Postoperative anticoagulation within 48 hours reduces the risk of captured thrombus in these cases.