• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.42-51
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• 2009

우리나라는 고속도로 차로 수에 따라 차종별로 통행차로를 지정하는 제도를 운영하고 있으며, 그 동안 제도의 유효성 논란 속에 폐지와 운영을 반복하며 시행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 제도의 유효성을 검증하기 위해 고속도로 10개 구간을 대상으로 차로통행방법 위반율과 교통사고와의 연관성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 양(+)의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타나 위반차량에 대한 적극적인 단속이 요구되며, 본 논문에서는 차량번호판의 영상인식에 기반한 자동단속시스템 구축 방안을 제시하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제63권6호
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• pp.738-745
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• 2014

Recently, various measures have been discussed for overcoming depletion of fossil fuels and environmental pollution. One of the measures is electric vehicles. But electric vehicles has some limitations from high cost of battery and low efficiency, so operation distance of electric cars is limited. Also there are difficulties that charging lines should be connected by an electric car whenever it charges. Thus, many studies have been conducted to overcome the limitation using conventional batteries of electric vehicles. As a result, the OLEV(On-Line Electric Vehicle) was developed. But the OLEV system is some limitations. The OLEV system causes power quality problems when it charges. Power quality problem cannot be ignored because OLEV systems are closely connected by distribution grids. In this paper, the OLEV system is designed by using PSCAD/EMTDC, and the power quality is measured and evaluated. Power quality is divided by two cases; harmonics and high-frequency. Harmonics were evaluated according to IEEE Std. 519-1992. But the evaluation of High-frequency could not take it because there was no standard. For this reason, the data measured by OLEV system was compared with the EN50065 regulation.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.58-63
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• 2008

Cold rolled and high strength steel were used for vehicle bodys to satisfy environmental regulation and improve fuel ratio. This paper presented a method far determining the fatigue life of cold rolled steel sheet EZNCEN and high strength steel sheet HS40R spot weldment used in vehicles. We can estimate the fatigue life of the spot weldments from the MSC/FATIGUE using the finite element method. The maximum load is found in the nugget part of both surfaces. The cold rolled steel and the high strength steel showed the maximum stress 746MPa and 730MPa in the effective nugget part when the weld current was 8KA and 7KA, respectively. Also the some weld current of the cold rolled steel and high strength steel is applied, the fatigue life of high strength steel is obtained about four times longer than the cold rolled steel.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2013

Children are out future society members but they are not well cared to be safe from various accidents. This is due to facilities were installed upon the children's for adults which can not provide safe traffic environment for children's schooling who are not fare enough experience and matured. "The Rule of declaim for school zone and it's Management"was established in the year 1995 based on the article 11 by the "Road Traffic Low". And 15,136 school zone declared by the above rule. In this study, four elementary schools located in Nowon-gu are selected and analyzed about state of elementary school, scope of school zone, installation of street furniture, and safety signs. The analysis showed that scope of school zone is currently set in 150-meter though the regulation is within 300-meter radius. Therefore, expansion of the scope is required. It is necessary to take control of vehicle during commuting times and holograms which can be noticed in school zone have to be installed as well. Through these improvements, safety zone will be offered to children effectually.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.575-581
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• 2007

As current and future automobile emission regulations become more stringent, the research on flow distribution for an exhaust manifold and close-coupled catalyst(CCC) has become an interesting and remarkable subjects. The design of a CCC and exhaust manifold is a formidable task due to the complexity of the flow distribution caused by the pulsating flows from piston motion and engine combustion. Transient flow at the exhaust manifold can be analyzed with various computational fluid dynamics(CFD) tools. However, the results of such simulations must be verified with appropriate experimental data from real engine operating condition. In this study, an experimental approach was performed to investigate the flow distribution of exhaust gases for conventional cast types and stainless steel bending types of a four-cylinder engine. The pressure distribution of each exhaust sub-component was measured using a simulated dynamic flow bench and five-hole pitot probe. Moreover, using the results of the pitot tube measurement at the exit of the CCC, the flow distribution for two types of manifolds(cast type and bending type) was compared in terms of flow uniformity. Based on these experimental techniques, this study can be highly applicable to the design and optimization of exhaust for the better use of catalytic converters to meet the PZEV emission regulation.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2014

"Cut off line" in automotive passing beam has very important safety function because it serves for headlamp aiming. Headlights that are aimed incorrectly will not only perform poorly but also offend oncoming traffic. In addition, an objective definition of cut off line in low beam is necessary, since a requirement for correct aiming of the beams is specified within all the existing regulations. Accordingly, headlight regulations are requirements that automobiles must satisfy in order to be sold in a particular country. In this study, a more advanced recognition method for the cut off lines of the various headlamps commonly used in Europe, North America, and domestic is suggested and a headlamp testing system is developed to adjust the beam to the country-specific regulation. This system uses image processing technology to detect the cut off lines in the beam patterns of halogen headlamps, high-intensity discharge headlamps, and light-emitting diode headlamps as well.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2024

The concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and elemental carbon (EC) in particulate matter, typical primary aerosols have decreased in Seoul between 2003 and 2018 (80% for PAHs and 85% for EC). The yearly mean benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) concentration has been lower than 1 ng/m3 since 2010-2011, the target value set by the European Union (EU) and China. A series of policies related to solid fuel and vehicle in South Korea and China should be effective in the reduction of the ambient PAHs and EC concentrations. But the emission data of PAHs and EC at both countries did not support that hypothesis. Possible causes are uncertainties in the emission inventories of primary carbonaceous aerosols in South Korea and China, although there may be a minor effect of the emissions from North Korea on the concentrations in Seoul. Thus the further policy directions against PAHs and EC such as improvements of emissions inventories and measurements, intensive regulation of non-road mobile sources and control of PAHs derivatives are discussed.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.151-160
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• 2005

In order to monitor the histological and general profiles of lung after direct expose of p,p-DDE, 1, 5 and 10 mg/ml of p,p-DDE were sprayed to male ICR mouse, and seven days after exposure, changes of body weight, lung weight, clinical signs, histological profiles of lung and total WBC in blood were investigated with changes of total cell number and their differential count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). In the present study, a significant and dosage-dependent decrease of body weight was detected in p,p-DDE exposed groups and body weight gains during observational periods (7 days) were also significantly and dosage-dependently decreased in p,p-DDE exposed groups compared to that of vehicle control group. In addition general depression signs were detected in all p,p-DDE exposed groups with dosage-dependent manners, and lung weights were also increased in p,p-DDE exposed groups. Congestion, hemorrhage and severe exudate were observed in the lung of p,p-DDE exposed groups with sarcomatous changes and these signs were also showed by dosage-dependent manners. In addition, foreign body pneumonia signs were observed in the lung of p,p-DDE exposed groups in histological levels. The percentage of ALSA (Area of luminal surface of alveoli) was also significantly and dosage-dependently decreased in p,p-DDE exposed groups and total blood WBC and BALF cell numbers were significantly and dosage-dependently increased in p,p­DDE exposed groups compared to that of vehicle control group and increase percentage of neutrophil, eosinophil, and lymphocyte in BALF were monitored in p,p-DDE exposed groups compared to that of vehicle control group. In conclusion, severe allergic response and/or foreign body pneumonitic changes were induced by direct exposure of p,p-DDE containing beverage. So it is considered that strong and powerful regulation was need to control production of residence of environmental pollutant especially to p,p-DDE.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2012

비도로용 차량의 경우 대부분 디젤엔진을 사용하여 엔진의 특성상 PM과 NOx의 배출이 많은 단점이 있다. 승용 및 상용 디젤 차량의 경우 CRDI 및 후처리 장치를 적용하였고 후처리 장치로 DOC/DPF를 장착함으로써 PM은 약 90% 이상 저감 가능하다. 상반관계인 NOx는 EGR 사용을 통해 1차적으로 NOx 배출량을 감소시키고 LNT, LNC, Urea-SCR 등의 DeNOx 시스템으로 NOx의 배출량을 보다 현저히 저감시켜 배기규제를 만족시키고 있다. 본 연구에서는 tier 4 interim 배기규제를 만족하기 위해 56kW급 오프로드 차량으로 연구를 진행하였다. NOx의 감소를 위해 WGT와 전자 제어방식의 HPL EGR 시스템을 적용하였고 CO와 THC, PM 배출가스를 줄이기 위해 DOC와 DPF를 사용하였다. EGR 시스템을 적용하기 위해 각 조건에 대한 기본 실험을 실시하여 EGR map을 작성하였다. 작성된 map을 NRTC 모드에서 시험하여 map의 적용성을 검증하고 tier 4 interim 배기규제 만족여부를 파악하였다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 수리 형태론과 대칭성을 이용한 번호판 검출 방법을 제안한다. 일반적으로 번호판의 모양, 색상, 크기, 위치 등은 사람이 쉽게 인식할 수 있도록 규격화되어 있다. 특히, 번호판의 바탕과 문자의 명암은 큰 대조를 이루며 번호판을 기준으로 하여 좌우 영상은 대칭성을 갖고 있다. 먼저, 번호판 영역을 부각시키기 위해 번호판의 문자 간격 크기의 사각 형태소로 입력 영상의 열림과 붙임 영상을 구하고 두 영상의 차 영상을 얻는다. 둘째, 번호판 크기의 마스크를 사용하여 차 영상의 평균 필터링을 수행한다. 셋째, 평균 필터링 영상의 각 열의 최대값 그래프를 구한 후 대칭성을 계산한다 넷째, 평균 필터링 영상의 피크들을 찾는다. 마지막으로 그래프에서 대칭성이 가장 큰 좌표의 언저리에 번호판이 있다는 가정 하에 번호판을 검출한다. 실험은 약 1,000장의 과속 단속 영상을 대상으로 수행하였으며, 약 93%의 검출률을 보였다.