• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 1997

김의 유용성분을 식품가공에 응용키 위한 기초적 연 구로 건조김과 배소김을 에탄을 농도를 달리 하여 추출하고 추출물의 수율, 단백질, 다당, 핵산, 타우린, 클로로필 및 카로티노이드의 함량, 갈색도 및 주요 추출처리구의 관능적 특성을 검토하였다. 단백질, 다당질 및 핵산 성분은 에탄을 농도가 낮을수록 높은 추출성을 보였으나 단백질의 경우 건조김이, 다당 및 핵산의 경우에는 배소김이 상대적으로 3배 이상 높은 추출성을 보였다 타우린은 건조김이나 배소김에 관계없이 0~70%에탄을 범위에서 1,000mg%이상의 높은 추출성 을 보였다. 카로티노이드의 경우는 95% 에탄을 농도에서 건조김 146.6mg%, 배소김 138.4mg%로서 최대를 보였으나 이 수준은 메탄올/아세톤을 혼합용매로 추출하는 경우의 66~80% 수준이었다. 유리 당과 아미노산 의 반응을 반영하는 갈변도는 배소김을 대상으로 한 경 우 50~60% 에탄을 추출물이 가장 높게 나타난 반면 추출수율은 물만을 용매로 한 경우가 26.3~27.5%로 최대를 보였다. 한편 주요추출물의 관능특성을 조사한 결과, 배소김의 추출물이 맛과 향 등 관능적 측면에서 우수한 것으로 판단되어 배소김을 대상으로 한 물/에탄을 추출물이 각종 식품소재로서 응용가치가 클 것으로 평가되었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.828-832
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• 1990

표고버섯의 갓과 자루부위의 품질상태를 비교하고 에탄올 농도와 추출시간을 달리하여 extract를 제조한 후 수율, 환원당, 유리아미노산, 핵산관련물질을 조사하였다. 추출용매 및 추출시간의 변화에 따른 이들 함량의 변화를 보면 수율은 갓과 자루부위 모두 열수추출시 다소 높았고 환원당은 열수추출시 갓의 경우 4시간에서 488.18 mg%, 자루의 경우 3시간에서 452.12 mg%로서 나타났다. 유리아미노산은 부위에 관계없이 갓과 자루에서 각각 2시간, 3시간 열수추출시 528.46, 221.01 mg%로 가장 높았으며 고미성 아미노산은 갓의 경우25% 에탄올 용액으로 5시간 추출시 29%를 차지하였으며, 자루의 경우 50% 에탄올을 이용시 37%에 달했다. 핵산관련물질의 함량은 자루부위보다 갓부위에서 높게 나타났으며 추출용매의 농도는 25% 에탄올에서 부위에 관계없이 그 추출율이 가장 높았다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.328-336
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• 2020

Cesium is a major product of uranium fission, which is the most commonly existed radionuclide in radioactive wastes. Various technologies have been applied to separate radioactive cesium from radioactive wastes, such as chemical precipitation, solvent extraction, membrane separation and adsorption. Crown ethers and calixarenes derivatives can selectively coordinate with cesium ions by ion-dipole interaction or cation-π interaction, which are promising extractants for cesium ions due to their promising coordinating structure. This review systematically summarized and analyzed the recent advances in the crown ethers and calixarenes derivatives for cesium separation, especially focusing on the adsorbents based on extractants for cesium removal from aqueous solution, such as the grafting coordinating groups (e.g. crown ether and calixarenes) and coordinating polymers (e.g. MOFs) due to their unique coordination ability and selectivity for cesium ions. These adsorbents combined the advantages of extraction and adsorption methods and showed high adsorption capacity for cesium ions, which are promising for cesium separation The key restraints for cesium separation, as well as the newest progress of the adsorbents for cesium separation were also discussed. Finally, some concluding remarks and suggestions for future researches were proposed.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.783-789
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• 2000

This study was focused on the optimal extracting conditions of dimethyl-$\beta$-propiothetin as bioactive substance from green seaweed. Identification and quantification of dimethyl-$\beta$-propiothetin were measured by headspace gas chromatography after conversion to dimethyl sulfide by treatment with saturated NaOH solution. Dimethyl-$\beta$-propiothetin was extracted through various processes (solvent extraction, ultrasonication, boiling and autoclaving) from Ulva pertusa. The content of dimethyl-$\beta$-propiothetin extracted by autoclaving treatment showed higher than that of various extraction methods. Dimethyl-$\beta$-propiothetin content in extract of Ulva pertusa was 325,800 ng/g after autoclaving 121$^{\circ}C$ for 45 min. Dimethyl-$\beta$-propiothetin in exract of Ulva pertusa was comparative stable under low temperature. The retentions of dimethyl-$\beta$-propiothetin content in extract of Ulva pertusa were 76.6~99.8% by incubation at 10~6$0^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. Chemical decomposition of dimethyl-$\beta$-propiothetin was observed under laboratory conditions at pH values higher than 9.5.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.187-192
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• 2021

Cordycepin is a characteristic bioactive compound of Cordyceps militaris with various beneficial effects. Cordyceps grows on both grains and insects, and the content of cordycepin varies depending on the cultivation conditions. In this study, the effect of culture conditions on the cordycepin content was analyzed and the extraction conditions were optimized. Analysis of cordycepin content in Pupae-Cordyceps found that it was highly affected by temperature in culture conditions. In the case of mycelium, it grows well at 20 and 25 ℃, but not at 30 ℃. However, the content of cordycepin was highest at 30℃ and less at 20 ℃. The fruiting body also showed a similar tendency: growth was 20 ℃ > 25 ℃ > 30 ℃, but the cordycepin content was 30 ℃ > 25 ℃ > 20 ℃. The content of cordycepin decreased after the fruiting bodies were produced. Next, extraction conditions such as solvent and time were optimized for maximum cordycepin content using response surface methodology (RSM). There was a large difference in the content of cordycepin according to the content of ethanol and the extraction temperature. Through RSM, it was confirmed that the optimum condition for extraction of cordycepin was 48.9 ℃ using 49.0% ethanol, and 160.9 mg/g extract could be obtained under this condition. In conclusion, this study suggested the optimized conditions for the cultivation and extraction of Pupae-Cordyceps for maximizing the content of cordycepin, and this may be applied to the discovery of materials using cordycepin.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.276-282
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• 1985

단백발효식품에서의 쓴맛 펩타이드의 특성을 규명하기 위하여 여러 시료로부터 소수성 펩타이드를 2 1(v/v) chloroform-methanol로 추출하였다 이 중 모짜렐라치즈와 된장으로부터 얻은 쓴맛 텝타이드 추출물을 다시 Sephadex C-25 겔 크로마토그라피한 결과 분획 I II, III을 얻었는데 이들 시료 자체와 각각의 크로마토그라피 분획을 구성하고 있는 펩타이드의 아미노산 조성을 분석하여 평균소수도를 계산하였다. 시료들 자체는 쓴 맛을 나타내지 않았으나 용매로 추출된 소수성 펩타이드 분획은 강한 쓴 맛을 나타내었다. 시료의 용매추출 수율은 총 질소 함량의 0.08내지 62.50%의 범위로 나타났다. 모짜렐라치즈 질소물의 평균 소수도는 1.376cal/mole, 용매추출 분획은 1.623cal/mole. 젤 크로마토그라피 분획 I은 1,797cal/mole, 분적 II 는 2,454cal/mole, 분획 III은 1,559cal/mole 이었다. 된장의 경우 된장 자체, 용매추출 분획, 겔 크로마토그라피 분획 I, II, III의 평균소수도는 각각 1,229. 1,654, 1900, 2016, 998cal/mole 이었다. 쓴맛 펩타이드에서 중요한 아미노산을 leucine, Phenylal anine. p-roline, valine으로 나타났다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.1323-1331
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• 2017

Objective: This study investigated the effect of extraction solvents on antioxidant bio-active compounds as well as potential antioxidant and lipid peroxidation inhibition of Phyllanthus acidus (P. acidus) leaf extract in minced pork. Methods: The effect of various solvent systems of water, 25%, 50%, 75% (v/v) ethanol in water and absolute ethanol on the extraction crude yield, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and in vitro antioxidant activities of P. acidus leaves was determined. In addition, antioxidant activities of the addition of crude extract from P. aciuds leaves at 2.5 and 5 g/kg in minced pork on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical cation decolorization, reducing power and inhibition of lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; TBARS) were determined. Moreover, sensory evaluation of the samples was undertaken by using a 7-point hedonic scale. Results: The results showed that the highest crude yield (2.8 g/100 g dry weight) was obtained from water which also had the highest recovery yield for total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and the strongest antioxidant activity. The addition of crude water extract from P. acidus leaves was more effective in retarding lipid peroxidation and higher antioxidant activity than control and butylated hydroxytoluene in minced pork. In particular, the samples containing P. acidus extract had no significant effect on the sensory scores of overall appearance, color, odor, texture, flavor, and overall acceptability compared to the control. Conclusion: Water solvent was an optimally appropriate solvent for P. acidus leaf extraction because of its ability to yield the highest amount of bio-active compounds and in vitro antioxidant property. Particularly, P. acidus crude water extract also strongly expressed the capacity to retard lipid oxidation, radical scavenging, radical cation decolorization and reducing power in minced pork. The results of this study indicated that P. acidus leaf extract could be used as natural antioxidant in the pork industry.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 1980

자원(資源)이 풍부한 적이용해조(赤利用海藻)를 단백질(蛋白質) 자원(資源)으로 이용(利用)하기 위(爲)하여 지충이, 잘피 및 잘피 등(等) 2종(種)의 해조(海藻)와 1종(種)의 해산식물(海産植物)을 선정(選定)하여 이의 수용성(水溶性) 단백질(蛋白質) 추출조건(抽出條件)을 검토(檢討)하였다. 1) 첨가수량(添加水量)은 곰피는 1:150(W/V)의 비(比)로 가(加)했을 때 추출효과(抽出效果)가 좋았고, 잘피와 지충이는 1:100(W/V)일 때가 좋았다. 2) 추출시간(抽出時間)은 총질소(總窒素)의 경우 2시간(時間) 이상(以上)에서, TCA 불용성(不溶性) 단백질(蛋白質)은 1시간(時間) 정도(程度)가 효과적(效果的)이었다. 3) 추출온도(抽出溫度)는 $40-50^{\circ}C$에서 추출성적(抽出成績)이 좋았으며 $70^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 약간 높아지나 TCA 불용성(不溶性) 질소(窒素)는 증가하지 않으므로 고온추출(高溫抽出)은 불리(不利)하였다. 4) pH의 영향(影響)은 전시료(全試料)가 pH 9 이상(以上)에서 높은 추출율(抽出率)을 보였으나 TCA 불용성(不溶性) 질소(窒素)는 pH 7 이상(以上)에서는 증가(增加)하지 않는 관계로 pH $6{\sim}7$에서 추출(抽出)함이 유리(有利)하였다. 5) 순단백질(純蛋白質) 침전(沈澱) 분리(分離)는 pH 조절법(調節法)에 의(依)한 처리(處理)가 질소(窒素) 함량(含量)이 가장 높았다. 6) 추출단백질(抽出蛋白質)을 정제(精製)함으로써 아미노태질소(態窒素)의 함량(含量) 및 총질소(總窒素)에 대(對)한 백분율(百分率)도 높일 수 있는 효과(效果)를 얻을 수 있었다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.337-344
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• 1991

The liquid-liquid extraction of lipase A from Candide cylindracea and lipase B from porcine pancrease was carried out using reversed micellar organic solvents. Effects of various factors such as ionic strength, pH, and species and concentration of surfactant, on lipase solubilization were studied. A cationic surfactant cetyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) in isooctane/nhexanol(1:1) was found to be an effective solvent and its optimum concentration was 50 mM. KCl among various salts tested was the most effective and the efficiency of solubilization of lipase increased with decreasing the ionic strength of salts. The maximum activity and solubiliz ation of protein were obtained at pH 8. The stripping efficiency has a maximum value at pH 4 and increases with KCl concentration in the range of 0.2∼1.0 M. After the solubilization and stripping, the overall recovery efficiency of mass and specific activity of lipases was 62% and 66%, respectively.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.191-201
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• 2019

Petroleum industry produces one of the popular hazardous waste known as Petroleum Sludge. The treatment and disposal of petroleum sludge has created a major challenge in recent years. This review provides insights into various approaches involved in the treatment, and disposal of petroleum sludge. Various methods used in the treatment and disposal of petroleum sludge such as incineration, stabilization/solidification, oxidation, and bio-degradation are explained fully and other techniques utilized in oil recovery from petroleum sludge such as solvent extraction, centrifugation, surfactant EOR, freeze/thaw, pyrolysis, microwave irradiation, electro-kinetic method, ultrasonic irradiation and froth flotation were discussed. The pros and cons of these methods were critically considered and a recommendation for economically useful alternatives to disposal of this unfriendly material was presented.